Pecularities of the structure of glycogen as an indicator of the functional state of mauthner neurons in fish Percсottus glehni during wintering.

Mauthner neurons (MN)*, specific multifunctional neurons of fish, are a unique object for investigating the adaptive potentialities of the cell. The goal of the work was to study the structure of MN of fish Percсottus glehni during wintering under the conditions of hypothermia and deficit of oxygen and energy substrates. It was shown using a light microscope that the volume of the somatic moiety of neurons changes slightly at the beginning of wintering and is significantly reduced by the termination of wintering.

Brain protection during cephalosomatic anastomosis.

Cephalosomatic anastomosis requires neuroprotective techniques, such as deep hypothermia, to preserve brain activity. Despite the failure of pharmacologic neuroprotection, new strategies, including ischemic pre- and postconitioning and the use of Perftoran, have to be explored to complement hypothermia. This article summarizes the field of brain protection during CSA and these promising strategies.

Maintenance of homeostasis in the aging hypothalamus: the central and peripheral roles of succinate.

Aging is the phenotype resulting from accumulation of genetic, cellular, and molecular damages. Many factors have been identified as either the cause or consequence of age-related decline in functions and repair mechanisms. The hypothalamus is the source and a target of many of these factors and hormones responsible for the overall homeostasis in the body.

Clinical results of Perftoran application: present and future.

Clinical experience of Perftoran (commercial drug of low concentrated perfluorocheminal emulsion) applications is presented in some statistical data and in brief analysis of clinical trials and following clinical studies described in the Russian scientific literature. Observed data allow us to suppose that Perftoran facilitates oxygen delivery together with remaining red blood cells at blood replacements and will have more wider area for application than just a blood substitute. Its infusion alleviates symptoms of ischemia at different types of occlusion vessels disease, improves grafting in plastic surgery, diminishes inflammation and prevents rejection of transplants, activates detoxication functions of liver, inhibits retro-virus infection development.