Publications by authors named "Eugene Kim"

The atypical antipsychotic clozapine targets multiple receptor systems beyond the dopaminergic pathway and influences prepulse inhibition (PPI), a critical translational measure of sensorimotor gating. Since PPI is modulated by atypical antipsychotics such as risperidone and clozapine, we hypothesized that p11-an adaptor protein associated with anxiety- and depressive-like behaviors and G-protein-coupled receptor function-might modulate these effects. In this study, we assessed the role of p11 in clozapine's PPI-enhancing effect by testing wild-type and global p11 knockout (KO) mice in response to haloperidol, risperidone, and clozapine.

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During mitosis, the condensin I and II complexes compact chromatin into chromosomes. Loss of the chromokinesin, KIF4A, results in reduced condensin I association with chromosomes, but the molecular mechanism behind this phenotype is unknown. In this study, we reveal that KIF4A binds directly to the human condensin I HAWK subunit, NCAPG, via a conserved disordered short linear motif (SLiM) located in its C-terminal tail.

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Background: Given the widespread prevalence of breast cancer as a global malignancy, there is a compelling need to delve into its risk determinants.

Objective: This study aims to investigate the potential relationship between indicators of left-handedness and breast cancer, employing systematic review, meta-analysis, and Mendelian randomization methods.

Design: Systematic review and meta-analysis.

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Structural maintenance of chromosomes (SMC) complexes play pivotal roles in genome organization and maintenance across all domains of life. In prokaryotes, SMC-family Wadjet complexes structurally resemble the widespread MukBEF but serve a defensive role by inhibiting plasmid transformation. We previously showed that Wadjet specifically cleaves plasmid DNA; however, the molecular mechanism underlying plasmid recognition remains unclear.

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Genomic DNA inside the cell's nucleus is highly organized and tightly controlled by the structural maintenance of chromosomes (SMC) protein complexes. These complexes fold genomes by creating and processively enlarging loops, a process called loop extrusion. After more than a decade of accumulating indirect evidence, recent in vitro single-molecule studies confirmed loop extrusion as an evolutionarily conserved function among eukaryotic and prokaryotic SMCs.

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Crystal structure and morphology dictate the mechanical, thermal, and degradation properties of poly l-lactide (PLLA), the structural polymer of the first clinically approved bioresorbable vascular scaffolds (BVS). New experimental methods are developed to reveal the underlying mechanisms governing structure formation during the crimping step of the BVS manufacturing process. Our research specifically examines the "U-bends" - the region where the curvature is highest and stress is maximised during crimping, which can potentially lead to failure of the device with dramatic consequences on patient life.

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Background: Remote learning during the COVID-19 pandemic caused behavioural changes such as increased screen time and decreased outdoor time. This study aimed to investigate myopia progression in children during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods: This was a retrospective observational study performed among 2064 patients ages 2-17 with cycloplegic refractions in the months of January 2019-March 2021 at a tertiary children's hospital.

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Introduction: Prescription drug monitoring programs (PDMPs) are state-run databases that track controlled substances to reduce substance use and diversion. The accuracy of PDMPs for adolescents who receive postoperative opioid prescriptions is unknown.

Methods: This prospective cohort study was conducted at a free-standing tertiary children's hospital from 2019 to 2020.

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Introduction: Thymidine phosphorylase (TYMP), which facilitates platelet activation and thrombosis, is significantly increased in COVID-19 patients. We hypothesize that TYMP mediates SARS-CoV-2 spike protein (SP)-induced thrombosis.

Materials And Methods: Plasmids encoding wildtype SP or empty vector (p3.

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Article Synopsis
  • SMC complexes, like condensin and cohesin, help organize DNA by extruding loops, but the rules controlling this process are not fully understood.
  • Research using single-molecule analysis and simulations shows that monomeric complexes extrude DNA from one side, while dimeric complexes (e.g., Smc5/6 and Wadjet) do so from both sides depending on DNA tension.
  • The study reveals that DNA tension and thermal fluctuations influence how these complexes operate, leading to variations in looping behavior and debunking the idea that extrusion symmetry is fixed.
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Article Synopsis
  • Hospitalized infants often receive opioids to manage pain during procedures, but prolonged use can adversely affect their neurodevelopment.
  • A systematic review revealed 14 studies addressing opioid dosing conversions for infants under 1 year, but the conversion factors were inconsistent and mainly based on adult data.
  • To improve opioid management for these infants, there is a need for a standardized, evidence-based approach that considers their unique physiological needs.
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Background: The public launch of OpenAI's ChatGPT platform generated immediate interest in the use of large language models (LLMs). Health care institutions are now grappling with establishing policies and guidelines for the use of these technologies, yet little is known about how health care providers view LLMs in medical settings. Moreover, there are no studies assessing how pediatric providers are adopting these readily accessible tools.

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Background: Evidence has indicated that nocturia is a clinical manifestation of adverse health conditions, including cardiovascular diseases and metabolic disorders. However, previous studies are less available for the clinical implication of nocturia on the development of hypertension.

Methods: Study participants were 32,420 working-aged Koreans (21,355 men and 11,065 women) who periodically received health checkups.

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Preclinical studies are crucial for developing amyotrophic lateral sclerosis drugs. Current FDA-approved drugs have been created by monitoring limb muscle function and histological analysis of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis model animals. Drug candidates for this disease have yet to be tested for bulbar-onset type due to the limitations of traditional preclinical tools: excessive animal use and discrete detection of disease progress.

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Objective: To describe the impact of lack of workplace support (LOWS) for obstetric health on surgeon distress and career satisfaction.

Background: Although most pregnant surgeons desire clinical duty reductions to mitigate obstetric risk, few modify their schedules due to low workplace support.

Methods: US surgeons with at least one live birth completed an electronic survey.

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Introduction: Evidence suggests that coronavirus disease of 2019 (COVID-19) infection is associated with increased perioperative mortality in adults. We hypothesized that children with COVID-19 had worse outcomes after emergency surgery compared to children without COVID-19.

Methods: Children <18 y who underwent emergency abdominal surgery were included in the 2021 National Surgical Quality Improvement Program-Pediatric database.

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Primary encephaloceles are congenital mesodermal defects that result in brain tissue protruding through the skull. These defects most commonly occur occipitally but can be present anywhere in the calvarium. Meningoencephaloceles are a subclassification that includes herniation of the meninges.

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Importance: The ability to pursue family planning goals is integral to gender equity in any field. Procedural specialties pose occupational risks to pregnancy. As the largest procedural specialty, general surgery provides an opportunity to understand family planning, workplace support for parenthood, obstetric outcomes, and the impact of these factors on workforce well-being, gender equity, and attrition.

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Background: Posterior spinal fusion (PSF) and hip reconstruction are commonly indicated surgeries in children with cerebral palsy (CP), particularly those functioning at GMFCS levels IV and V. These are large and often painful procedures, and previous literature suggests that hip surgery is more painful than spine surgery in this patient population. The purpose of this study is to investigate pain scores and opioid use following hip and spine surgery in a large cohort of children with CP, including many patients who have undergone both types of surgery.

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Background And Aims: The Chinese visceral adipose index (CVAI) is more significantly associated with cardiometabolic risk factors than other obesity indices. This study investigated the relationship between CVAI and left ventricular (LV) remodeling.

Methods And Results: This study included 75,132 Koreans who underwent echocardiography during a health checkup.

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Article Synopsis
  • Many adolescents have leftover prescription opioids after surgery, raising concerns about potential misuse and addiction.
  • A study involving 103 adolescents found that opioid use while hospitalized is highly correlated with opioid use at home within 90 days post-surgery.
  • Key factors influencing outpatient opioid usage included reported pain at discharge and cumulative opioid intake in the 24 and 48 hours leading up to discharge.
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Background: Despite high smoking rate in people with depressive symptoms, there is ongoing debate about relationship between smoking and depressive symptoms.

Methods: Study participants were 57,441 Korean men. We collected their baseline data between 2011 and 2012, and conducted follow-up from 2013 to 2019.

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Background And Objectives: Sleep is essential for postoperative recovery. Prescription opioid can be associated with disordered sleep. There is little research on sleep patterns among adolescents using opioids for postoperative pain.

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