Impact of 18F-fluciclovine PET/CT on salvage radiotherapy plans for men with recurrence of prostate cancer postradical prostatectomy.

Objectives: Imaging options to localize biochemical recurrence (BCR) of prostate cancer after radical prostatectomy (RP) are limited, especially at low prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels. The FALCON study evaluated the impact of 18F-fluciclovine PET/CT on management plans for patients with BCR. Here, we evaluate salvage radiotherapy decisions in patients post-RP.

Prostate cancer recurrence in patients with negative or equivocal conventional imaging: A role for F-fluciclovine-PET/CT in delineating sites of recurrence and identifying patients with oligometastatic disease.

Introduction: Despite improvements in overall survival, biochemical recurrence of prostate cancer, characterized by rising prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels after curative intent primary therapy, remains common. With the advent of highly sensitive molecular imaging, men with limited metastatic disease burden, or oligometastatic prostate cancer, are increasingly being identified. The LOCATE trial (NCT02680041) assessed the impact of positron emission tomography (PET) with F-fluciclovine on management of men with prostate cancer recurrence after curative intent primary therapy and negative/equivocal conventional imaging.

F-Fluciclovine Positron Emission Tomography in Men With Biochemical Recurrence of Prostate Cancer After Radical Prostatectomy and Planning to Undergo Salvage Radiation Therapy: Results from LOCATE.

Purpose: Conventional imaging rarely localizes the site(s) of prostate cancer recurrence in patients undergoing evaluation for salvage radiation therapy (sRT) after radical prostatectomy (RP). LOCATE (NCT02680041) was a prospective, multicenter study investigating the impact of F-fluciclovine positron emission tomography and computed tomography (PET/CT) on the management of patients with biochemical recurrence of prostate cancer after curative-intent radiation or RP and negative or equivocal conventional imaging. Our objective was to determine the impact of F-fluciclovine PET/CT on treatment decisions for men planning to undergo sRT for biochemical recurrence post-RP.

Effect of F-Fluciclovine Positron Emission Tomography on the Management of Patients With Recurrence of Prostate Cancer: Results From the FALCON Trial.

Purpose: Early and accurate localization of lesions in patients with biochemical recurrence (BCR) of prostate cancer may guide salvage therapy decisions. The present study, F-Fluciclovine PET/CT in biochemicAL reCurrence Of Prostate caNcer (FALCON; NCT02578940), aimed to evaluate the effect of F-fluciclovine on management of men with BCR of prostate cancer.

Methods And Materials: Men with a first episode of BCR after curative-intent primary therapy were enrolled at 6 UK sites.

Quantitative and Qualitative Analyses of Biodistribution and PET Image Quality of a Novel Radiohybrid PSMA, F-rhPSMA-7, in Patients with Prostate Cancer.

Radiohybrid PSMA (rhPSMA) ligands, a new class of theranostic prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA)-targeting agents, feature fast F synthesis and utility for labeling with radiometals. Here, we assessed the biodistribution and image quality of F-rhPSMA-7 to determine the best imaging time point for patients with prostate cancer. In total, 202 prostate cancer patients who underwent a clinically indicated F-rhPSMA-7 PET/CT were retrospectively analyzed, and 12 groups based on the administered activity and uptake time of PET scanning were created: 3 administered activities (low, 222-296 MBq; moderate, 297-370 MBq; and high, 371-444 MBq) and 4 uptake time points (short, 50-70 min; intermediate, 71-90 min; long, 91-110 min; and extra long, ≥111 min).

Hypoxia-induced switch in SNAT2/SLC38A2 regulation generates endocrine resistance in breast cancer.

Tumor hypoxia is associated with poor patient outcomes in estrogen receptor-α-positive (ERα) breast cancer. Hypoxia is known to affect tumor growth by reprogramming metabolism and regulating amino acid (AA) uptake. Here, we show that the glutamine transporter, SNAT2, is the AA transporter most frequently induced by hypoxia in breast cancer, and is regulated by hypoxia both in vitro and in vivo in xenografts.

Integrated Pharmacodynamic Analysis Identifies Two Metabolic Adaption Pathways to Metformin in Breast Cancer.

Late-phase clinical trials investigating metformin as a cancer therapy are underway. However, there remains controversy as to the mode of action of metformin in tumors at clinical doses. We conducted a clinical study integrating measurement of markers of systemic metabolism, dynamic FDG-PET-CT, transcriptomics, and metabolomics at paired time points to profile the bioactivity of metformin in primary breast cancer.

Bayesian penalised likelihood reconstruction (Q.Clear) of F-fluciclovine PET for imaging of recurrent prostate cancer: semi-quantitative and clinical evaluation.

Objective: F-Fluciclovine (FACBC) is an amino acid PET radiotracer approved for recurrent prostate cancer imaging. We investigate the use of Bayesian penalised likelihood (BPL) reconstruction for F-fluciclovine PET.

Methods: 15 F-fluciclovine scans were reconstructed using ordered subset expectation maximisation (OSEM), OSEM + point spread function (PSF) modelling and BPL using β-values 100-600.

Recurrent Malignant Melanoma Detected on 18F-Fluciclovine PET/CT Imaging for Prostate Cancer.

A 66-year-old man presented with biochemical recurrence of prostate cancer and underwent F-fluciclovine PET/CT to detect sites of recurrence. He had a history of resected truncal stage IIIC malignant melanoma, with bilateral axillary node involvement on sentinel node biopsy, in complete remission for 3 years. F-fluciclovine PET/CT demonstrated an incidental fluciclovine-avid right axillary node (SUVmax = 4.

Predicting Pathologic Response of Esophageal Cancer to Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy: The Implications of Metabolic Nodal Response for Personalized Therapy.

Unlabelled: Only a minority of esophageal cancers demonstrates a pathologic tumor response (pTR) to neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC). F-FDG PET/CT is often used for restaging after NAC and to assess response. Increasingly, it is used during therapy to identify unresponsive tumors and predict pTR, using avidity of the primary tumor alone.

18F-FDG PET/CT assessment of histopathologically confirmed mediastinal lymph nodes in non-small cell lung cancer using a penalised likelihood reconstruction.

Purpose: To investigate whether using a Bayesian penalised likelihood reconstruction (BPL) improves signal-to-background (SBR), signal-to-noise (SNR) and SUV when evaluating mediastinal nodal disease in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) compared to ordered subset expectation maximum (OSEM) reconstruction.

Materials And Methods: 18F-FDG PET/CT scans for NSCLC staging in 47 patients (112 nodal stations with histopathological confirmation) were reconstructed using BPL and compared to OSEM. Node and multiple background SUV parameters were analysed semi-quantitatively and visually.

Restaging oesophageal cancer after neoadjuvant therapy with (18)F-FDG PET-CT: identifying interval metastases and predicting incurable disease at surgery.

Objectives: It is unknown whether restaging oesophageal cancer after neoadjuvant therapy with positron emission tomography-computed tomography (PET-CT) is more sensitive than contrast-enhanced CT for disease progression. We aimed to determine this and stratify risk.

Methods: This was a retrospective study of patients staged before neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) by (18)F-FDG PET-CT and restaged with CT or PET-CT in a single centre (2006-2014).

Phantom and Clinical Evaluation of the Bayesian Penalized Likelihood Reconstruction Algorithm Q.Clear on an LYSO PET/CT System.

Unlabelled: Q.Clear, a Bayesian penalized-likelihood reconstruction algorithm for PET, was recently introduced by GE Healthcare on their PET scanners to improve clinical image quality and quantification. In this work, we determined the optimum penalization factor (beta) for clinical use of Q.

Novel penalised likelihood reconstruction of PET in the assessment of histologically verified small pulmonary nodules.

Objectives: Investigate the effect of a novel Bayesian penalised likelihood (BPL) reconstruction algorithm on analysis of pulmonary nodules examined with 18F-FDG PET/CT, and to determine its effect on small, sub-10-mm nodules.

Methods: 18F-FDG PET/CTs performed for nodule evaluation in 104 patients (121 nodules) were retrospectively reconstructed using the new algorithm, and compared to time-of-flight ordered subset expectation maximisation (OSEM) reconstruction. Nodule and background parameters were analysed semi-quantitatively and visually.