Improving Skin Paddle Reliability and Muscle Gliding in Free Functional Gracilis Transfers.

Free functional muscle transfer is an attractive option within reconstructive surgery when seeking to restore critical muscle function. The gracilis muscle has long been utilized for this purpose due to its expendability and consistent anatomy. Historically, survival of the skin overlying the distal one-third of the myocutaneous gracilis flap has been unpredictable.

Identifying Aesthetically Appealing Upper Eyelid Topographic Proportions.

Background: The goal of upper eyelid procedures is to restore or create the ideal proportions between the pretarsal space and the upper lid fold.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to define the topographic features of the attractive upper lid.

Methods: Caucasian female frontal facial photographs were obtained from public media and periorbital areas were cropped.

Adipose Tissue Drives Response to Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury in a Murine Pressure Sore Model.

Background: Ischemia-reperfusion injury contributes significantly to the pathogenesis of chronic wounds such as pressure sores and diabetic foot ulcers. The authors' laboratory has previously developed a cyclical murine ischemia-reperfusion injury model. The authors here use this model to determine factors underlying tissue response to ischemia-reperfusion injury.