Background: The primary aim of this study was to evaluate a combined therapeutic intervention, including the dual endothelin receptor antagonist bosentan, in patients with carcinoid heart disease (CaHD). The efficacy of the treatment protocol was investigated using serological, echocardiographic, and clinical markers.
Patients And Methods: Since 2003, 40 patients with neuroendocrine tumours were identified; 14 had echocardiographic findings consistent with CaHD.