Cardiovascular toxicities of androgen deprivation therapy in Asian men with localized prostate cancer after curative radiotherapy: a registry-based observational study.

Background: Androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) and radiotherapy (RT) are the mainstay treatment for localized prostate cancer and recurrence after surgery. Cardiovascular (CV) toxicity of ADT is increasingly recognized, and the risk relates to pre-existing risk factors and ADT modalities. Despite ethnic differences in the prevalence of CV risk factors and variations of CV mortality, data on ADT-related cardiotoxicities in the Asian population remain inconclusive.

A Prospective Randomized Controlled Trial to Compare the Use of Conventional Dark-Ink Tattoo and Ultraviolet-Ink Tattoo for Patients Undergoing Breast Radiation Therapy.

Purpose: Permanent tattoo marks used in radiation therapy remain for the duration of treatment and essentially for the rest of the patient's life. This study compared the initial positioning setup errors and body image perception between patients with ultraviolet (UV) and conventional dark ink tattoos.

Methods And Materials: Thirty-four patients from February 2018 to March 2019, who underwent radiation therapy (RT) to the breast or chest wall for ductal carcinoma in situ or breast cancer were prospectively recruited and randomized (1:1) to receive either conventional dark ink or UV ink tattoos.

A comparative analysis between low-dose-rate brachytherapy and external beam radiation therapy for low- and intermediate-risk prostate cancer in Asian men.

Objective: To report the long-term clinical outcomes of low-risk (LR) and intermediate-risk (IR) prostate cancer patients treated with low-dose-rate brachytherapy (LDR-BT) and external beam radiation therapy (EBRT).

Patients And Methods: Men with biopsy-proven low- and intermediate-risk prostate cancer received EBRT and LDR-BT in an Asian academic center from 2000 to 2019 were reviewed. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis was performed to compare biochemical failure-free survival (bFFS) and overall survival (OS) between LDR and EBRT in the low- and intermediate-risk cohorts.

Randomised prospective phase II trial in multiple brain metastases comparing outcomes between hippocampal avoidance whole brain radiotherapy with or without simultaneous integrated boost: HA-SIB-WBRT study protocol.

Background: Recent evidence supports hippocampal avoidance with whole brain radiotherapy (HA-WBRT) as the recommended treatment option in patients with good prognosis and multiple brain metastases as this results in better neurocognitive preservation compared to whole brain radiotherapy. However, there is often poor tumour control with this technique due to the low doses given. Stereotactic Radiosurgery (SRS), a form of focused radiotherapy which is given to patients who have a limited number of brain metastases, delivers a higher radiation dose to the metastases resulting in better target lesion control.

Duration-dependent margins for prostate radiotherapy-a practical motion mitigation strategy.

Background And Objective: The magnitude of intra-fractional prostate displacement (change from initial position over time) is associated with the duration of the patient lying on the radiotherapy treatment couch. This study reports a minute-by-minute association and calculates the impact of this displacement on duration-dependent margins using real-time intra-fractional position data monitored by four-dimensional transperineal ultrasound (4D TPUS).

Materials And Methods: A total of 55 patients were recruited prospectively.

Gallium-labelled PSMA-PET/CT as a diagnostic and clinical decision-making tool in Asian prostate cancer patients following prostatectomy.

Objective: Prostate cancers (PCa) in Asian individuals are molecularly distinct from those found in their Caucasian counterparts. There is no risk stratification tool for Asian men with rapid biochemical recurrence (BCR) following radical prostatectomy (RadP). This study aims to assess the detection rate of Ga-prostate-specific membrane antigen-positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PSMA-PET/CT) for diagnosis of clinical recurrence and as a treatment decision making tool in Asian patients with BCR post-RadP.

Long-Term Disease-Free Survival of a Patient with Oligometastatic Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Treated with Radiotherapy Alone.

Distant metastases in nasopharyngeal carcinoma are fairly common. While the mainstay of treatment for metastatic nasopharyngeal carcinoma remains chemotherapy, it is now increasingly recognised that metastatic cases are a heterogenous group and can be stratified into oligometastatic cases versus those with widespread metastases, the former potentially benefiting more from local therapy. In this report, we describe a case of nasopharyngeal carcinoma with a solitary vertebral metastasis successfully treated with high-dose palliative radiotherapy alone, resulting in a long-term disease-free interval of more than 8 years at the time of writing.

"Cor Occidere": a novel strategy of targeting the tumor core by radiosurgery in a radio- and chemo-resistant intracranial hemangiopericytoma.

Intracranial hemangiopericytomas (HPC) are chemotherapy- and radiotherapy (RT)-resistant. Here, we report on a novel stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) technique-"Cor Occidere" (Latin), as a potential strategy of overcoming radioresistance of HPC. A 36-year old female presented to our clinic for consideration of a 3rd-course of RT for her recurrent cavernous sinus HPC, following previous cranial RT at 13 and 5 years prior, and a failed 9 months trial of bevacizumab/temozolomide.

Dose-escalated intensity-modulated radiotherapy and irradiation of subventricular zones in relation to tumor control outcomes of patients with glioblastoma multiforme.

Background: Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most aggressive primary brain tumor with high relapse rate. In this study, we aimed to determine if dose-escalated (DE) radiotherapy improved tumor control and survival in GBM patients.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective analysis of 49 and 23 newly-diagnosed histology-proven GBM patients, treated with DE radiotherapy delivered in 70 Gy (2.

Frameless linac-based stereotactic radiosurgery treatment for SUNCT syndrome targeting the trigeminal nerve and sphenopalatine ganglion.

Background: The short-lasting unilateral neuralgiform headache associated with conjunctival injection and tearing or SUNCT syndrome was first described in the 1970s. This paper is the first in the literature that describes the successful use of stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) using a non-invasive frameless technique, targeting both the trigeminal nerve and the sphenopalatine ganglion in the management of intractable SUNCT. We also discuss the role of selecting peripheral targets in the management of this rare headache syndrome.

Combined temozolomide and radiation as an initial treatment for anaplastic glioma.

Aim: Combined temozolomide (TMZ) and radiation therapy (RT) is often used as initial treatment for anaplastic glioma. However, there is no prospective randomized data available that proves the efficacy of the combination for anaplastic glioma. In this retrospective study we aimed to compare the outcome of patients who had combined TMZ and RT with those who had RT alone for the initial treatment of anaplastic glioma in our centers.

Late toxicities after conventional radiation therapy alone for nasopharyngeal carcinoma.

Background And Purpose: We sought to evaluate the nature and frequency of late toxicities in a cohort of nasopharyngeal cancer (NPC) patients treated with conventional radiotherapy alone.

Methods And Materials: Seven-hundred and ninety-six consecutive NPC patients treated using conventional radiotherapy at a single center from 1992 to 1995 were retrospectively analyzed. Patients with histology proven, completely staged, Stage I-IVB World Health Organization Type I-III NPC and completed radical radiotherapy were included.

Implications of HER2 amplification in small, node-negative breast cancers: do Asians differ?

Background: We investigated the implications of HER2 amplification in Asian women with small, node-negative breast cancer in low- and middle-income countries (LMCs).

Methods: We reviewed the charts patients treated between 1989 and 2009 with breast conservation therapy for node-negative breast cancers measuring ≤ 2 cm. Disease-free survival (DFS), ipsilateral breast tumor recurrence (IBTR), distant disease-free survival (DDFS), and overall survival (OS) rates were estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method and were compared by the log-rank test.

Hormone receptors and HER-2 status as surrogates for breast cancer molecular subtypes prognosticate for disease control in node negative Asian patients treated with breast conservation therapy.

Introduction: Our study investigates whether an approximation of breast cancer molecular subtypes using the hormone receptors and HER-2 status prognosticates for disease control after breast conservation therapy (BCT) in node-negative Asian breast cancer patients.

Methods And Materials: We retrospectively reviewed 541 women with node-negative breast cancers treated with BCT between 1989 and 2007. Hormone receptors and HER-2 status were obtained from patients' histological report.

Brachytherapy boost for T1/T2 nasopharyngeal carcinoma.

Background: The aim of this study was to review our experience and demonstrate the safety of intracavitary brachytherapy (ICB) in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC).

Methods: Hundred seventy-eight patients with early T1-2b disease underwent radical external beam radiation therapy (EBRT) followed by ICB boost. The primary tumor received 66 Gy of EBRT over 33 fractions using 6 or 10 MV photons.

Treatment of nasopharyngeal carcinoma using intensity-modulated radiotherapy-the national cancer centre singapore experience.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to determine the efficacy and acute toxicity of our early experience with treating nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) patients with intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT).

Methods And Materials: A review was conducted on case records of 195 patients with histologically proven, nonmetastatic NPC treated with IMRT between 2002 and 2005. MRI of the head and neck was fused with CT simulation images.

Phenotypic and functional alterations of Vgamma2Vdelta2 T cell subsets in patients with active nasopharyngeal carcinoma.

Introduction: Human Vgamma2Vdelta2 T cells play important role in immunity to infection and cancer by monitoring self and foreign isoprenoid metabolites with their gammadelta T cell antigen receptors. Like CD4 and CD8 alphabeta T cells, adult peripheral Vgamma2Vdelta2 T cells represent a pool of heterogeneous cells with distinct functional capabilities.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to characterize the phenotypes and functions of various Vgamma2Vdelta2 T cell subsets in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC).

Comparison of 4 modalities for distant metastasis staging in endemic nasopharyngeal carcinoma.

Background: Endemic nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) commonly metastasizes to the lungs, liver, and bones. This study aims to assess the efficacy of 4 distant metastasis staging modalities, namely (1) conventional work-up comprising chest X-ray, liver ultrasound, and skeletal scintigraphy, (2) CT of the thorax, abdomen, and skeletal scintigraphy, (3) (18)F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (FDG-PET), and (4) integrated FDG-PET/CT.

Methods: Seventy-eight consecutive patients diagnosed with NPC were enrolled and followed up for a minimum of 6 months to confirm the staging at diagnosis.

Stereotactic radiosurgery plus intracavitary irradiation in the salvage of nasopharyngeal carcinoma.

Background: We sought to assess the efficacy and complications of linear accelerator-based stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) plus intracavitary irradiation (ICI) as salvage treatment for local persistent and recurrent nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) after primary external beam radiotherapy (EBRT).

Methods: Between July 1995 and June 2003, 36 patients (25 men and 11 women; median age, 48 years; range, 22-66 years) with local recurrent NPC confined to the nasopharynx (rT1) or limited extension to the parapharynx and nasal cavity (rT2) were treated with SRS plus ICI. Nineteen patients had rT1 and 17 had rT2 disease.

Randomized trial of radiotherapy versus concurrent chemoradiotherapy followed by adjuvant chemotherapy in patients with American Joint Committee on Cancer/International Union against cancer stage III and IV nasopharyngeal cancer of the endemic variety.

Purpose: The Intergroup 00-99 Trial for nasopharyngeal cancer (NPC) showed a benefit of adding chemotherapy to radiotherapy. However, there were controversies regarding the applicability of the results to patients in endemic regions. This study aims to confirm the findings of the 00-99 Trial and its applicability to patients with endemic NPC.

Concurrent chemoradiotherapy in locoregionally recurrent nasopharyngeal carcinoma.

Purpose: To analyze the results of concurrent chemoradiotherapy in patients with locoregional recurrent nasopharyngeal carcinoma.

Methods And Materials: We performed a retrospective analysis of 35 patients with locoregional recurrent nasopharyngeal carcinoma referred to our department between March 1994 and November 2002. Most patients were male (77%), Chinese (97%), and had undifferentiated carcinoma (89%).