[A Trial of Practical Training on Online Medication Instructions in Clinical Preparatory Education: Development of Human Resources to Provide New Forms of Medical Care after the COVID-19 Pandemic].

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has considerably affected several social services. The Ministry of Health, Labour, and Welfare has partially revised the Pharmaceuticals and Medical Devices Law and established legislations on permanent online medication instructions. Based on these social needs, the development of human resources to provide online medication instructions is vital.

Hepatoprotective Activity of Yellow Chinese Chive against Acetaminophen-Induced Acute Liver Injury via Nrf2 Signaling Pathway.

Glutathione, the most abundant intracellular antioxidant, protects cells against reactive oxygen species induced oxidative stress and regulates intracellular redox status. We previously demonstrated that yellow Chinese chive (ki-nira) increased the intracellular glutathione levels. Acetaminophen (APAP) is a commonly used analgesic.

Protective Effects of Rice Peptide Oryza Peptide-P60 against Oxidative Injury through Activation of Nrf2 Signaling Pathway and .

We previously showed that commercially available rice peptide Oryza Peptide-P60 (OP60) increased the intracellular glutathione levels. This study aimed to evaluate the antioxidant potential of this peptide and assess its mechanism of action. Pretreatment of HepG2 cells with OP60 reduced the cytotoxicity caused by HO or acetaminophen (APAP) (47.

Sake lees hydrolysate protects against acetaminophen-induced hepatotoxicity via activation of the Nrf2 antioxidant pathway.

Acetaminophen is a commonly used analgesic. However, an overdose of acetaminophen causes severe hepatotoxicity via depletion of hepatic glutathione. Here, we investigated the protective effects of sake lees hydrolysate against acetaminophen-induced hepatotoxicity in mice.

Hepatoprotective effects of rice-derived peptides against acetaminophen-induced damage in mice.

Glutathione, the most abundant intracellular antioxidant, protects cells against reactive oxygen species induced oxidative stress and regulates intracellular redox status. We found that rice peptides increased intracellular glutathione levels in human hepatoblastoma HepG2 cells. Acetaminophen is a commonly used analgesic.

[Gender equality activity in the Bioimaging Society].

Gender equality activity in the Bioimaging Society was initiated in 2005 when it joined the Japan Inter-Society Liaison Association Committee for Promoting Equal Participation of Men and Women in Science and Engineering (EPMEWSE). The Gender Equality Committee of the Bioimaging Society is acting on this issue by following the policy of the EPMEWSE, and has also been planning and conducting lectures at annual meetings of the society to gain the understanding, consents, and cooperation of the members of the society to become conscious of gender equality. Women's participation in the society has been promoted through the activities of the Gender Equality Committee, and the number of women officers in the society has since increased from two women out of 40 members in 2005 to five out of 44 in 2013.

Effect of risedronate on osteoblast differentiation, expression of receptor activator of NF-κB ligand and apoptosis in mesenchymal stem cells.

Nitrogen-containing bisphosphonates (BPs) are antiresorptive drugs used for the treatment of metabolic bone diseases. Bone marrow stromal cells such as mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and MSC-derived osteoblasts that originate from MSCs are known to regulate osteoclast differentiation and activation via the expression of receptor activator of NF-κB ligand (RANKL). Although the effects of nitrogen-containing BPs on osteoclasts and osteoblasts have been well investigated, their effects in MSCs have not been clarified.

Characterization of proteins secreted from a type III secretion system of Edwardsiella tarda and their roles in macrophage infection.

The Type III secretion system is essential for intracellular replication of Edwardsiella tarda in phagocytes of fish and mammals. We identified the secreted proteins of the Type III secretion system by comparing the wild-type strain and the Type III mutant mET1229. The wild-type strain secreted 55, 25, and 22 kDa proteins into the culture supernatant, whereas the Type III mutant did not.

Mechanism of 3-nitropropionic acid-induced membrane permeability transition of isolated mitochondria and its suppression by L-carnitine.

3-Nitropropionic acid (3NP) functions as an irreversible inhibitor of succinic acid dehydrogenase (complex II) and induces neuronal disorders in rats similar to those in patients with Huntington's disease. It is well known that L-carnitine (LC), a carrier of long chain fatty acid into the mitochondrial matrix, attenuates the neuronal degeneration in 3NP-treated rats. From these findings it has been suggested that 3NP induces certain neuronal cell death through mitochondrial dysfunction and that LC preserves the neurons against the dysfunction of mitochondria caused by 3NP.

Visualization and dynamic size evaluation of nanoparticles in solution by single optical fiber-illuminated video microscope analysis.

Aim: It is hoped that nanoparticles will become ever more useful in the development of nanomedicine. To evaluate the behavior of nanoparticles in solution, we aimed to establish a single optical fiber-illumination method that is easy to integrate with a conventional microscope at low cost.

Methods: Solutions of gold nanoparticles and carbon nanotubes were analyzed in a single optical fiber-illuminated video microscope and the tracks of Brownian motion of these nanoparticles were traced using video images.

gamma-Tubulin-like molecules in the mouse duodenal epithelium.

A mouse monoclonal antibody (G9, Horio et al. in Cell Motil Cytoskel 44:284-295, 1999) that was raised against the gamma-tubulin from a fission yeast, Schizosaccharomyces pombe, showed a unique staining in the mouse small intestine. Similar to another anti-gamma-tubulin antibody that is commercially available, G9 showed typical dot-like staining corresponding to the microtubule-organizing center in the free cells of the epithelium and the connective tissue under it.

The Hoshino wooden skeleton, the first wooden model of a human skeleton, made during the Edo era in Japan.

The wooden model of the human skeleton, called the wooden skeleton, is a distinguished original craft object from the Edo era, in Japan, when medical doctors were unable to keep a human skeleton for study and teaching purposes. There are three types of wooden skeletons: (i) Hoshino made in 1792; (ii) Kagami made by 1810; and (iii) Okuda made around 1820. The former two are of adult males and the latter is of a female.

Intracellular replication of Edwardsiella tarda in murine macrophage is dependent on the type III secretion system and induces an up-regulation of anti-apoptotic NF-kappaB target genes protecting the macrophage from staurosporine-induced apoptosis.

Edwardsiella tarda is a pathogen with a broad host range that infects both animals and humans. Resistance to phagocytic killing may be involved in the pathogenicity of this bacterium. Here we show that intracellular replication of E.

[Wooden models of human skeleton made in Edo era, Japan, with special reference to Hoshino wooden skeleton].

The wooden model of the human skeleton, called wooden skeleton, is a distinguished original craft object in Edo era (1600-1867), Japan, when medical doctors were unable to keep the human skeleton for their study and teaching purpose. There are three kinds of wooden skeletons, i. e.

[Anatomy education in medical and dental schools in Japan].

We studied the anatomy education and the view of anatomy professors on it in medical and dental schools in Japan. In most schools anatomy is taught in the second year. In medical schools, the systematic education separating macroscopic and microscopic anatomy is prevalent.

Human coronavirus 229E binds to CD13 in rafts and enters the cell through caveolae.

CD13, a receptor for human coronavirus 229E (HCoV-229E), was identified as a major component of the Triton X-100-resistant membrane microdomain in human fibroblasts. The incubation of living fibroblasts with an anti-CD13 antibody on ice gave punctate labeling that was evenly distributed on the cell surface, but raising the temperature to 37 degrees C before fixation caused aggregation of the labeling. The aggregated labeling of CD13 colocalized with caveolin-1 in most cells.

Use of taxol and collagenase for better three-dimensional visualization of microtubules in the enterocyte and Brunner's gland cell, with special reference to their relation to the Golgi apparatus.

Cytoskeletal microtubules were visualized in the mouse duodenal mucosa by an improved immunofluorescence method using a microtubule-stabilizing reagent, Taxol, and collagenase as an enzymatic epitope retriever. The improvement in immunostaining was shown morphologically and statistically by comparing fluorescence intensities of specimens prepared with or without Taxol and collagenase treatment. In free cells in the epithelium and in the lamina propria, microtubules radiated from the gamma-tubulin-immunostained organizing center.

Gliding movement in Peranema trichophorum is powered by flagellar surface motility.

A colorless euglenoid flagellate Peranema trichophorum shows unique unidirectional gliding cell locomotion on the substratum at velocities up to 30 micro m/s by an as yet unexplained mechanism. In this study, we found that (1) treatment with NiCl(2) inhibited flagellar beating without any effect on gliding movement; (2) water currents applied to a gliding cell from opposite sides caused detachment of the cell body from the substratum. With only the anterior flagellum adhering to the substratum, gliding movement continued along the direction of the anterior flagellum; (3) gentle pipetting induced flagellar severance into various lengths.

Immunofluorescence detection of gastric H(+)/K(+)-ATPase and its alterations as related to acid secretion.

Parietal cells in the rat oxyntic mucosa were analyzed by the immunofluorescence pattern of the proton pump. The adult rats were grouped into fasting (C), gastrin-treated (G), and ranitidine-treated (R) groups, gastric pH was measured, and the stomach was processed for immunohistochemistry. The fluorescence of parietal cells showed a reticular, diffuse, or mixed pattern in cytoplasm.