Sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor 1-mediated odontogenic differentiation of mouse apical papilla-derived stem cells.

Background/purpose: Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) exhibits receptor-mediated physiological effects by facilitating the differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells toward the osteoblast lineage. This study aimed to determine the effect of S1P on odontogenic differentiation of mouse immortalized stem cells of dental apical papilla (iSCAP) and assess the distribution of the S1P receptor 1 (S1PR1) in the apical papilla and the root canal wall of immature rat molars.

Materials And Methods: Immunostaining for S1PR1 was conducted at the apex of the rat mandibular first molar and within the root canal wall.

Development of a School-Based Online Periodontal Education Programme for Adolescents.

Introduction And Aims: This study aimed to investigate the effects of a developed school-based online health education programme with a periodontal examination results sheet for high school students on their subjective oral symptoms, knowledge and attitudes regarding oral health, and oral health behaviours.

Methods: The participants were first- and second-year students aged 15 to 17 years (n = 847) at a high school in Japan. The students underwent a periodontal examination and were divided into periodontal condition (PC) and nonperiodontal condition (non-PC) groups.

Current status and factors of periodontal disease among Japanese high school students: a cross-sectional study.

Introduction: This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of periodontal disease and the factors of the disease among high school students.

Method: The participants were all students aged 15-18 years (n = 1202) at a high school in Japan. The data on oral health perceptions and behaviours were collected by a questionnaire survey.

The effect of AMP kinase activation on differentiation and maturation of osteoblast cultured on titanium plate.

Background/purpose: 5' Adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is known as an enzyme that maintains intracellular homeostasis and has various biological activity. The purpose of this study is evaluation effect of AMPK activation on implant prognosis.

Materials & Methods: MC3T3-E1 osteoblast-like cells were cultured on titanium using a 24-well plate.

Effects of root-end filling materials on vascular endothelial cell proliferation and tube formation.

Background/purpose: Regarding root-end filling materials in apical surgery, sealing ability and biocompatibility are useful for treatment. Angiogenesis, which occurs in the process of periapical wound healing, is closely related to bone formation. In this study, we investigated the effects of root-end filling materials on vascular endothelial cell proliferation and angiogenesis.

Space-making effect for new bone formation by suppressing scar contraction of mucosal epithelium of rat tooth extraction wound using diode laser and CO laser treatment.

Background/purpose: As an extraction wound closes, the mucosal epithelium of the tooth extraction wound impedes the space for new bone formation by invading into the extraction socket. Thus, the height of the alveolar crest decreases, causing significant depression of the alveolar mucosa. In this study, we created a rat tooth extraction model and examined the effects of laser irradiation by CO and diode on the dynamics of myofibroblast expression through α-SMA, and TGF-β1.

Sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor 2 agonist induces bone formation in rat apicoectomy and alveolar bone defect model.

Background/purpose: Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) is a lipid mediator that exerts its physiological functions in vivo through receptors. In the bone, S1P induces osteoblast differentiation. Here, we investigated the effects of S1P receptor agonists on the expression of osteoblast differentiation markers locally in the bone.

Volume-regulated chloride channel regulates cell proliferation and is involved in the possible interaction between TMEM16A and LRRC8A in human metastatic oral squamous cell carcinoma cells.

Objectives: Volume-regulated anion channels (VRACs), expressed in various cells, play an important role in cell volume regulation. Despite being physiologically defined almost half a century ago, only the molecular candidates of VRAC, TMEM16A, LRRC8A, and bestrophin-1 (BEST1), are known. Here, we aimed to explore the functional significance of VRAC in, HST-1, an oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) cell line.

Dental regenerative therapy targeting sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) signaling pathway in endodontics.

Unlabelled: The establishment of regenerative therapy in endodontics targeting the dentin-pulp complex, cementum, periodontal ligament tissue, and alveolar bone will provide valuable information to preserve teeth. It is well known that the application of stem cells such as induced pluripotent stem cells, embryonic stem cells, and somatic stem cells is effective in regenerative medicine. There are many somatic stem cells in teeth and periodontal tissues including dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs), stem cells from the apical papilla, and periodontal ligament stem cells.

Development of an error-detection examination for conservative dentistry education.

Objective: For dental students, textbooks and lectures provide basic knowledge, and simulated and actual clinical training provide learning in technical and communication skills. At our college, conservative dentistry is taught in the third and fourth years of a 6-year undergraduate degree. Clinical training is undertaken subsequently in the fifth year and includes cavity preparation and composite resin filling tasks.

Induction of bone repair in rat calvarial defects using a combination of hydroxyapatite with phosphatidylserine liposomes.

Phosphatidylserine (PS)-normally present on the inner leaflet of the plasma membrane-translocates to the outer leaflet at an early stage of apoptosis. PS-containing liposomes (PSLs) can mimic the effect of apoptotic cells in inducing the secretion of prostaglandin E from phagocytes and inhibiting the maturation of dendritic cells and osteoclast precursors. The present study attempted to evaluate the effect of calcium phosphate (in the form of hydroxyapatite [HAP]) in the presence or absence of PSLs for repair of rat calvarial bone defects.

Angiopoietin-like protein 2 is a positive regulator of osteoblast differentiation.

Introduction And Aims: Several studies have reported that angiopoietin-like protein 2 (Angptl2) is expressed abundantly in adipocytes and is associated with adipose tissue inflammation. In the present study, we found that osteoblasts and mesenchymal stem cells also expressed Angptl2 at high levels. The aim of this study was to understand the role of Angptl2 in osteoblastic cell differentiation.

Celecoxib inhibits osteoblast maturation by suppressing the expression of Wnt target genes.

Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) have been shown to impair bone healing. We previously reported that in colon cancer cells, celecoxib, a COX-2-selective NSAID, inhibited the canonical Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. Since this pathway also plays an important role in osteoblast growth and differentiation, we examined the effect of celecoxib on maturation of osteoblast-like cell line MC3T3-E1.

Sphingosine-1-phosphate/S1PR2-mediated signaling triggers Smad1/5/8 phosphorylation and thereby induces Runx2 expression in osteoblasts.

Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) is a signaling sphingolipid that also plays crucial roles in bone regeneration. Recently, we reported that the S1P receptors S1PR1 and S1PR2 were mainly expressed in osteoblast-like cells, and that the S1P/S1PR1 signaling pathway up-regulated osteoprotegerin and osteoblast differentiation. However, the involvement of S1P/S1PR2 signaling in osteoblast differentiation is not well understood.

Prevalence and risk factors for peri-implant diseases in Japanese adult dental patients.

We investigated the prevalences and risk factors for peri-implant diseases in Japanese adult dental patients attending a follow-up visit at dental hospitals or clinics as part of their maintenance program. This cross-sectional multicenter study enrolled patients with dental implants who attended regular check-ups as part of a periodontal maintenance program during the period from October 2012 through September 2013. Patients with implants with at least 3 years of loading time were included in the study.

Sphingosine-1-phosphate-enhanced Wnt5a promotes osteogenic differentiation in C3H10T1/2 cells.

In this study, we investigated the involvement of Wnt signaling in sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P)-enhanced osteogenic differentiation of C3H10T1/2 pluripotent stem cells. We found that S1P enhanced the expression of Wnt5a and low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 5 or 6 (LRP5/6) during osteogenic differentiation. Wnt5a-neutralizing antibody inhibited S1P-enhanced expression of LRP5/6 and alkaline phosphatase, which are essential for osteogenic differentiation.

Sphingosine-1-phosphate inhibits differentiation of C3H10T1/2 cells into adipocyte.

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) can differentiate into a number of cell types, including adipocytes and osteoblasts. MSC differentiation into adipocytes inhibits osteogenic differentiation and vice versa. Therefore, understanding the mechanisms of MSC differentiation at the signaling level can lead to the development of novel therapeutic strategies toward tissue regeneration.

Sphingosine-1-phosphate promotes the nuclear translocation of β-catenin and thereby induces osteoprotegerin gene expression in osteoblast-like cell lines.

Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) is a well-known signaling sphingolipid and bioactive lipid mediator. Recently, it was reported that S1P inhibits osteoclast differentiation and bone resorption. On the other hand, S1P effects on osteoblasts and bone formation are little known.

Differentiation-inducing factor-1 suppresses the expression of c-Myc in the human cancer cell lines.

Differentiation-inducing factor-1 (DIF-1), a morphogen for Dictyostelium discoideum, inhibits the proliferation of human cancer cell lines by suppressing the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. In this study, we examined the effect of DIF-1 on c-Myc, a target gene product of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway, mainly using HCT-116 colon cancer cells. DIF-1 strongly reduced the amount of c-Myc protein in time- and concentration-dependent manners and reduced c-Myc mRNA expression by inhibiting promoter activity through the TCF binding sites.

Involvement of GSK-3beta and DYRK1B in differentiation-inducing factor-3-induced phosphorylation of cyclin D1 in HeLa cells.

Differentiation-inducing factors (DIFs) are putative morphogens that induce cell differentiation in Dictyostelium discoideum. We previously reported that DIF-3 activates glycogen synthase kinase-3beta (GSK-3beta), resulting in the degradation of cyclin D1 in HeLa cells. In this study, we investigated the effect of DIF-3 on cyclin D1 mutants (R29Q, L32A, T286A, T288A, and T286A/T288A) to clarify the precise mechanisms by which DIF-3 degrades cyclin D1 in HeLa cells.

Differentiation-inducing factor-1 alters canonical Wnt signaling and suppresses alkaline phosphatase expression in osteoblast-like cell lines.

Unlabelled: Because DIF-1 has been shown to affect Wnt/beta-catenin signaling pathway, the effects of DIF-1 on osteoblast-like cell lines, SaOS-2 and MC3T3-E1, were examined. We found that DIF-1 inhibited this pathway, resulting in the suppression of ALP promoter activity through the TCF/LEF binding site.

Introduction: Differentiation-inducing factor-1 (DIF-1), a morphogen of Dictyostelium, inhibits cell proliferation and induces cell differentiation in several mammalian cells.