Nalbuphine prevents haemodynamic response to endotracheal intubation.

Objective: To determine the efficacy of nalbuphine in preventing the increase in heart rate and mean arterial pressure in response to laryngoscopy and orotracheal intubation.

Design: A comparative trial.

Place And Duration Of Study: Department of Anaesthesia, Pakistan Naval Hospital Shifa, Karachi, Pakistan, from January 2001 to January 2002.