Article-level classification of scientific publications: A comparison of deep learning, direct citation and bibliographic coupling.

Classification schemes for scientific activity and publications underpin a large swath of research evaluation practices at the organizational, governmental, and national levels. Several research classifications are currently in use, and they require continuous work as new classification techniques becomes available and as new research topics emerge. Convolutional neural networks, a subset of "deep learning" approaches, have recently offered novel and highly performant methods for classifying voluminous corpora of text.

Correction to: Informing materials: drugs as tools for exploring cancer mechanisms and pathways.

The original version of this article unfortunately contained a mistake. Three entries are incorrect in the reference list. The corrected references are given below.

Informing materials: drugs as tools for exploring cancer mechanisms and pathways.

This paper builds on previous work that investigated anticancer drugs as 'informed materials', i.e., substances that undergo an informational enrichment that situates them in a dense relational web of qualifications and measurements generated by clinical experiments and clinical trials.

Translational research policies: disruptions and continuities in biomedical innovation systems in Austria, Finland and Germany.

Increasing the rate of biomedical research that is relevant to clinical innovation has been an intensifying concern of the research community and of policy-makers. In response, some of these actors have recently promoted varied approaches they label as translational research (TR) and translational medicine. This movement started in the USA in the early 1990s, and has since evolved to encompass large and ambitious initiatives.

EU policies in personalized medicine-related technologies.

Against the background of a number of first drug-diagnostic co-products developed and introduced into the European market, European decision-makers feel impelled to react and position themselves in the field of personalized medicine. Their reactions cover a broad range, from the analysis of knowledge requirements for market approval to the need for translational activities and the possible contribution of pharmacogenetics to public health. This article summarizes the current positions of European institutions, based on literature review and expert consultation for three items associated with personalized medicine: biobanks, genetic diagnostics and drug-diagnostic co-products, and provides an outlook on requirements for an effective future European policy on personalized medicine.