[Problems and their solutions in today's perimetry].

Progress in the development of perimetry has been slow but certain since the first description of the perimeter by Goldmann in 1946. The creation of static perimetry, and of threshold detection with the multiple stimuli analyser of Friedmann, have been important stages in its development. Automatic perimetry (A.

Effects of different diuretics on tetracycline-induced hyperuraemia and hypercreatininaemia in the rat.

Tetracycline injection (45 mg/kg, i.v.) produced increases in plasma urea and creatinine levels in rats.

Depth perception by means of ambient sounds in a small mammal.

Golden hamsters placed on a jumping stand from which they can descend onto a shallow or deep landing platform prefer to descend on to the shallow platform, even when tested under IR-light without tactile cues. This preference disappears for subjects with plugged ears. The simultaneous recording of the animal's behaviour and possible emission of ultrasound as well as experiments in which the external acoustical conditions or the sound-reflecting properties of the jumping apparatus were altered suggest that the animals use certain parameters of the ambient sound field for depth perception.

[Comparative effects of an extract of Ginkgo biloba and chlorpromazine on the in vitro osmotic fragility of rat erythrocytes (author's transl)].

The effects of different concentrations of an extract of Ginkgo biloba (Gb) and of chlorpromazine (CPZ) on the osmotic lysis of rat erythrocytes (produced by dilution of the incubation medium by 30%-70%) were compared in vitro. The erythrocytes were incubated together with Gb or Cpz at the time of the hemolytic reaction at 25 degrees or 37 degrees C in either a simple phosphate buffer or in a more complete buffer containing inorganic salts at physiological concentrations. CPZ produced a dose-dependent increase in the membrane resistance, the maximum effect occurring at 10(-4) M regardless of the experimental conditions used.

Ontogeny of hoarding in the golden hamster: the development of motor patterns and their sequential coordination.

The hoarding behavior of 4 litters of Golden hamster pups (n = 3) was observed every 2nd day between the age of 13 and 47 days (2 litters) or 13 and 55 (2 litters). Each litter lived with the mother until Day 30; then the pups were put in social isolation. Immature forms of pouch filling and emptying, which were not integrated into coherent behavior sequences, appeared from the beginning of the observation period.

A comparison of the dose-response effects of captopril in anesthetized normotensive and renovascular hypertensive rats.

1. Dose-response effects of captopril in an acute model of renovascular hypertension in the anaesthetized rat and in normotensive anaesthetized rats were compared. 2.

The orientation of the golden hamster to its nest-site after the elimination of various sensory cues.

Golden hamsters hoard food by carrying it back to their nest-site along a fairly direct path. 7 out of 12 animals continued to orientate in this way after passive transportation to the food source and the simultaneous elimination of visual, olfactory and acoustical cues. Experiments in which the hamsters tried to reach their nest-box from al unfamiliar place suggest that they orientate in a given direction with respect to a 'compass', the nature of which has still to be determined.

Postoperative dislocation after Charnley low-friction arthroplasty.

The dislocation rate after the Charnley arthroplasty with the 22 mm diameter femoral head was 0.8% in 3,820 arthroplasties performed before 1971. Over this era the annual rate ranged from 0.

Conversion of fused hips to low friction arthroplasty.

Fifty-four hips converted to low friction arthroplasty between 1965 and 1975 have been reviewed one to eleven years after operation. In many cases malposition had led to degenerative changes in the opposite hip, the lumbar spine or the knee, often with severe loss of function due to pain. It was found that total replacement could give useful relief of pain and improved function, though the range of movement obtained was not as good as in primary replacement.

Kinetics of chlorophyll fluorescence at 77K in Chlorella and chloroplasts. Effects of CCCP, ferricyanide and DCMU.

The kinetics of chlorophyll fluorescence at 77K were studied in Chlorella cells and spinach chloroplasts. During a first illumination, the rise is polyphasic with at least three phases. The slowest one is irreversible and corresponds to the cytochrome oxidation.

Effects of sodium azide on photosystem II of Chlorella pyrenoidosa.

The action of sodium azide on the electron transport chain was investigated by means of oxygen evolution, fluorescence and luminescence measurements. (1) The damping of the oxygen oscillations is progressively reduced with increasing azide concentration in the range of 10(-5) - 10(-1) M. (2) The rate of the dark decay of the S2 and S3 states is considerably slowed.

Photo-inactivation of system II centers by carbonyl cyanide m-chlorophenylhydrazone in Chlorella pyrenoidosa.

In the presence of a high concentration of carbonyl cyanide m-chlorophenylhydrazone (CCCP) (4-10(-6) M), the S2 and S3 dark decays are accelerated and become biphasic with a first half-time of 0.6 s. The first fast phase of the decays does not correspond to a simple reduction of S2, S3 back to S0, S1 (i.

[Experimental study of portal and caval clamping in dogs. Its significance in the direction of vascular exclusion technics of the liver in men].

An experimental study of portal and inferior vena-caval clamping in the dog showed the respective roles of splanchnic blood sequestration and inferior vena-caval blood sequestration in the onset of the hemo-dynamic disturbances caused by vascular exclusion of the liver, with severe arterial hypotension. Stasis in the inferior vena cava is corrected by a caval shunt which, on the other hand, has no effect on splanchnic stasis. Clamping of the aorta may, however, act on both components of the hypotension, and this has proved promising.