Profiling of Metabolites in a Fermented Soy Dietary Supplement Reinforces its Role in the Management of Intestinal Inflammation.

Scope: Gastro-AD (GAD) is a soy flour derived product that undergoes an industrial fermentation with Lactobacillus delbrueckii R0187 and has demonstrated clinical effects in gastroesophageal reflux and peptic ulcer symptom resolution. The aim of this study is to describe and link GAD's metabolomic profile to plausible mechanisms that manifest and explain the documented clinical outcomes.

Methods And Results: H NMR spectroscopy with multivariate statistical analysis is used to characterize the prefermented soy flour and GAD products.

Distinct requirements for wnt9a and irf6 in extension and integration mechanisms during zebrafish palate morphogenesis.

Development of the palate in vertebrates involves cranial neural crest migration, convergence of facial prominences and extension of the cartilaginous framework. Dysregulation of palatogenesis results in orofacial clefts, which represent the most common structural birth defects. Detailed analysis of zebrafish palatogenesis revealed distinct mechanisms of palatal morphogenesis: extension, proliferation and integration.

The role of computed tomographic angiography in the assessment of intracranial vascular disease.

Both technical and clinical implications of three-dimensional computed tomographic angiography in the evaluation of intracranial circulation, and in particular cerebral aneurysms, are presented. Three-dimensional computed tomographic angiography allows excellent visualization of the aneurysm, its neck, and its relationship with the parent artery and important adjacent bony structures. This technique has a major role in the evaluation of difficult aneurysms.

Conservative therapy of atlantoaxial osteomyelitis. A case report.

Study Design: A rare case of C1-C2 vertebral osteomyelitis treated conservatively is described. The radiologic findings as well as the follow-up evaluation are reported.

Objective: To increase knowledge about the pathogenesis and treatment of vertebral osteomyelitis in the high cervical region.

The negative angiogram in subarachnoid haemorrhage.

Our purpose was to review the incidence of negative cerebral panangiography in acute nontraumatic subarachnoid haemorrhage (SAH); to document the amount and distribution of subarachnoid blood on CT and determine its relationship to findings on repeat angiography; and to study the outcome of these patients from the time of presentation to hospital discharge. From 1983 to 1992, 295 patients underwent cerebral angiography for acute SAH at our institution. The CT, angiographic and MRI findings and clinical course of patients with initially negative angiograms were reviewed retrospectively.

Extension of a cerebellar cystic astrocytoma into the cervical canal, demonstrated by magnetic resonance imaging.

One characteristic feature of ependymomas of the fourth ventricle is a tendency to extend through the foramina, specifically the foramina of Luschka and Magendie, the foramen magnum and the aqueduct of Sylvius. The authors report a case of pilocytic astrocytoma of the cerebellum that mimicked such extension into the upper cervical canal. This finding was revealed by magnetic resonance imaging and confirmed at surgery.

Cerebral vein thrombosis due to hereditary antithrombin III deficiency.

Cerebral vein thrombosis, also called superior sagittal sinus thrombosis, is a well recognized clinical and radiologic entity associated with a variety of medical disorders. We report a patient with fatal cerebral vein thrombosis following myelography, in whom the cause was familial antithrombin III (AT3) deficiency. Unsuspected AT3 deficiency should be considered in cases of unexplained cerebral venous thromboses.

Leptomeningeal gliomatosis: MR findings.

We report a case of primary diffuse leptomeningeal gliomatosis documented by MR. The radiological findings guided the surgical biopsy toward the area involved. Pathological examination confirmed the diagnosis.

MRI of amygdala and hippocampus in temporal lobe epilepsy.

In this study we compared the results of qualitative visual analysis of MRI with volumetric studies of the amygdala (AM) and hippocampal formation (HF) in a group of 31 patients. Twenty-six patients with temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) and six with non-TLE had MRI studies using a 1.5 T Gyroscan following a specific protocol for scan acquisition.

Porcine respiratory coronavirus in Quebec: Serological studies using a competitive inhibition enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.

Porcine respiratory coronavirus (PRCV) was identified for the first time in Quebec, using a blocking enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Unlike the virus neutralization test (VNT), this ELISA was able to distinguish transmissible gastroenteritis virus (TGEV) from PRCV. Among the 15 seropositive fattening herds from group A, sera containing PRCV antibodies represented 74.

Low-grade myxoid chondrosarcoma of the base of the skull: CT, MR, and histopathology.

A retrospective CT, MR, and histopathologic study was performed in five patients with histologically verified low-grade myxoid chondrosarcoma of the base of the skull. In four patients, the tumor originated off the midline and was associated with bone destruction at the petrous apex near the petrooccipital fissure. Tumor extent included the cerebellopontine angle in three patients and the parasellar area in two patients.

Hydrocephalus and prominence of the choroid plexus: an unusual computed tomographic presentation of cerebral toxoplasmosis in AIDS.

Toxoplasmosis is a frequent cause of infection of the central nervous system (CNS) in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. Computed tomography (CT) usually shows solitary or multiple parenchymal lesions, which are most often located in the cortex, the juxtacortical white matter and the basal ganglia. The authors describe a 30-year-old immunocompromised Haitian woman with pathologically proven CNS toxoplasmosis who presented with hydrocephalus and prominence of the choroid plexus; there was no evidence of focal parenchymal lesions in contrast-enhanced CT scans.

Multiple occult vascular malformations of the brain and spinal cord: MRI diagnosis.

We report a patient with multiple angiographically occult vascular malformations in the brain and spine. Magnetic resonance imaging showed multiple lesions in brain and spine with hypointense areas on both T1 and T2-weighted images. These hypointense areas are usually secondary to hemosiderin deposits consistent with remote bleeding in the lesions.

Neuronal migration disorders: a contribution of modern neuroimaging to the etiologic diagnosis of epilepsy.

Computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging enable the identification of neuronal migration disorders during life. Several specific syndromes have been identified and early diagnosis of previously unrecognized entities is now possible. We report 51 patients with imaging.

Magnetic resonance imaging of hypothalamic hamartomas causing gelastic epilepsy.

Hypothalamic hamartomas may cause a peculiar epileptic syndrome characterized by seizures of laughter and precocious puberty. Four mentally handicapped patients suffering from gelastic epilepsy were referred to our institution for investigation; three of them also presented with precocious puberty. In all four cases magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed a space-occupying lesion of the hypothalamus that was considered to be a hamartoma.

Multiple intracerebral cavernous angiomas.

Eight patients (seven women and one man) with multiple intracerebral cavernous angiomas (cavernomas), also known as angiomatosis cerebri, were examined with high-field magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Although previous articles have referred to such cases, a series similar to the one reported here has apparently not been described in the radiology literature. The patients presented with seizures, progressive neurologic deficit or cerebral hemorrhage.

Intracerebral gangliogliomas in patients with partial complex seizures: CT and MR imaging findings.

The clinical and radiologic findings in 19 patients with partial complex seizures and surgically proved intracerebral gangliogliomas were reviewed to characterize the radiologic features of these lesions. The CT and MR findings were not specific. On CT the gangliogliomas can be hypodense with no enhancement and they often have calcifications.

Spinal cord distraction: an in vitro study of length, tension, and tissue pressure.

Since the Scoliosis Research Society released a report on cord injury related to Harrington rod instrumentation for scoliosis, little has been published on the pathophysiology of this disorder. Dolan et al. (4) described diminished cord blood flow associated with spinal distraction in a cat model, but failed to demonstrate its cause.

Hippocampal sclerosis in temporal lobe epilepsy demonstrated by magnetic resonance imaging.

The value of magnetic resonance imaging in the detection of hippocampal sclerosis has been controversial. We studied 10 patients aged 22.5 +/- 6.

[Angiolipoma of the central nervous system].

Angiolipomas of the central nervous system are rare tumors (37 cases in the literature) and are mostly located in the spine (95%), rarely in the skull. When they are intraspinal, these masses are extradural in more than 90% of the cases. Angiolipomas are benign tumors containing vascular and mature adipose elements.

Percutaneous aspiration biopsy in cervical spine lytic lesions. Indications and technique.

We describe the technique and the results of the percutaneous aspiration biopsy (PAB) in a series of 9 patients presenting with neck pain and different degrees of myelopathy, in whom the cervical spine X-ray demonstrated lytic lesions of unknown origin. PAB is a useful, relatively safe technique, and leads to histological diagnosis between metastatic and inflammatory processes. Furthermore, in inflammatory lesions with negative hemoculture.