Clinical and demographic characteristics of late-onset multiple sclerosis: LOMS-TR study.

Objectives: Multiple sclerosis (MS), which is known as a young-adult age disease, is called late-onset MS (LOMS) when it occurs at the age of 50 and older. In our study, we aimed to analyse the clinical and demographic characteristics, comorbidities, diagnostic and treatment challenges and prognosis of LOMS.

Methods: In a retrospective analysis of 136 patients diagnosed with multiple sclerosis (MS) after the age of 50, based on the 2017 McDonald criteria, and who were under observation in eight distinct MS centers across Turkey; demographic information, clinical characteristics of the disease, oligoclonal band (OCB) status, initial and current Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) values, administered treatments, and the existence of spinal lesions on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) were investigated.

Epilepsy's effect on cardiac rhythm and the autonomic nervous system.

Objective: Sudden unexpected death in epilepsy is the most common cause of death in young patients with epilepsy. The aim of this study was to evaluate changes in interictal electrocardiogram parameters and sympathetic skin responses as markers of autonomic dysfunction in patients with epilepsy and to determine their effects on the type and duration of epilepsy, frequency of seizures, and responses to treatment.

Methods: A total of 97 patients with epilepsy and 94 healthy controls were recruited.

The significance of neutrophil/lympocyte ratio and platelet/lymphocyte ratio in predicting diabetic polyneuropathy and neuropathic pain severity as inflammatory factors.

Background And Purpose:

Multi-inflammatory index as a new predictive and prognostic marker of acute symptomatic seizures in patients with cerebral venous sinus thrombosis.

Background: The multi-inflammatory index (MII) is a novel marker that indicates the diagnosis, prognosis, and clinical severeness of inflammation-associated diseases. It is indicated that inflammatory biomarkers may help predict the occurrence of acute symptomatic seizures(ASS) after ischemic stroke.

Objective: Our goal was to search the predictive and prognostic capability of the MII-1 and MII-2 for ASS in cerebral venous sinus thrombosis (CVST) patients.

The relationship between sleep disorders with patients' demographic-clinical characteristics and quality of life in patients with multiple sclerosis.

Objectives: In this study, the effect of sleep disturbance on the quality of life in MS patients and its relationship between demographic and clinical characteristics of the patients were investigated.

Methods: 67 MS patients and 51 healthy individuals were included in our study. The patient group consisted of 43 women and 24 men.

COVID-19 and post-poliomyelitis syndrome: coincidence?

Although severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a novel virus, many central and peripheral nervous system manifestations associated with coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) infection have been reported. Beyond the neurologic manifestations, we may still have much to learn about the neuropathologic mechanism of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Here we report a case of post-poliomyelitis syndrome (PPS) related to COVID-19 and attempt to predict the possible pathophysiologic mechanism behind this association.

Positive effects of ocrelizumab in patients with familial mediterranean fever and coexistent multiple sclerosis.

Objectives: This study aims to evaluate the effects of ocrelizumab (OCZ) on familial Mediterranean fever (FMF) attacks in multiple sclerosis (MS) patients with FMF (MS+FMF patients).

Patients And Methods: This retrospective observational study included 11 patients (2 males, 9 females; mean age 46.6±9.

Interleukin-33 and oxidative stress in epilepsy patients.

Objective: İnflammation and oxidative stress plays an important role in the etiology of epilepsy. Interleukin-33 (IL-33), a new member of the cytokine family associated with interleukin-1 (IL-1), has been found to play a role in pathogenesis of central nervous system diseases and cause the production of proinflammatory cytokines and oxidative stress molecules. Our aim was to investigate IL-33 and oxidative stress values (total antioxidant capacity (TAS), total oxidant capacity (TOS), and oxidative stress index (OSI)) in patients with epilepsy and to evaluate their relationship with each other.

MS and COVID-19 challenge: asymptomatic COVID-19 infection during treatment with cladribine.

Background: The use of disease-modifying therapies (DMTs) in people with multiple sclerosis (pwMS) may affect COVID-19 infection outcomes due to DMTs' immunomodulatory and immunosuppressive effects on immune response. The yet unknown issues are both the early response to the infection, as well as the post-infection development of immunity against the virus under these treatments due to their interaction with the immune system.

Methods: We report two asymptomatic cases of COVID-19 in patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) shortly after starting cladribine therapy, both developed anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibody response.

The Serum Prolidase Enzyme Activity as a Biomarker for Evaluation of the Subclinical Vascular Damage in Children with Epilepsy.

Backgroud: Epilepsy is a chronic medical condition requiring long term or even lifelong therapy. Various researches have shown that epilepsy patients have vascular risk factors such as abnormal lipids, insulin, elevated oxidative stress, chronic inflammation, and subclinical atherosclerosis.

Objectives: The purpose of the present study was to determine serum prolidase enzyme activity as a biomarker in children taking antiepileptic drug treatment through comparison with control cases.

The Relationship Between Clinico-Pathological Properties and p-Glycoprotein Expression in Hippocampal Sclerosis Among Patients with Mesial Temporal Lobe Epilepsy Who Undergo Selective Amygdalohippocampectomy Operation.

Introduction: The overproduction of the efflux transporters in the blood-brain barrier is considered to play a role in the development of drug resistance in mesial temporal lobe epilepsy (MTLE) patients. The aim of the present study was to investigate the relationship of clinical features of patients with MTLE accompanied by hippocampal sclerosis (HS) and the p-glycoprotein (p-gp) expression and neuronal loss in the hippocampus.

Methods: This study included a total of 33 patients who underwent selective amygdala-hippocampectomy operation.

Acute motor and sensory axonal neuropathy associated with Sjögren's syndrome.

Sjögren's syndrome (SS) is an autoimmune disease with mononuclear cell infiltration and destruction of the lacrimal gland and salivary glands, which cause dryness of the eyes and mouth. The most common neurological condition seen in SS is peripheral neuropathy. Initial manifestation of SS as an acute fulminant peripheral neuropathy is extremely rare.

The measurement of both carotid intima-media thickness and epicardial adipose tissue thickness in children with epilepsy receiving antiepileptic drug therapy.

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the carotid intima-media thickness together with the thickness of the epicardial adipose tissue in patients receiving antiepileptic drug therapy and to investigate the presence of increased cardiovascular risk in these patients.

Methods: The study included a total of 52 patients comprising 32 males and 20 females who were diagnosed as having epilepsy and who were using one or more antiepileptic drugs. The control group consisted of 34 healthy individuals comprising 16 males and 18 females.

Comparison of cytokines and prooxidants/antioxidants markers among adults with refractory versus well-controlled epilepsy: A cross-sectional study.

Purpose: This study aims to investigate the serum adiponectin, interleukin (IL)-6 and oxidative stress in epilepsy patients who are refractory or non-refractory to treatments.

Method: The study comprised 31 refractory epilepsy, 29 well-controlled epilepsy patients and control group including 29 healthy individuals. The serum adiponectin, IL-6, total antioxidant status (TAS), total oxidant status levels (TOS) and oxidative stress index (OSİ) were determined.

Effect of serum inflammatory markers on the prognosis of adult and pediatric patients with Guillain-Barré syndrome.

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate blood neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), C-reactive protein (CRP), and albumin levels for their prognostic value in adult Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS-A) and pediatric Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS-P) patients.

Patients And Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the medical records of 68 Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) patients (36 adults, 32 children) who were treated as inpatients at Harran University Faculty of Medicine, Neurology and Pediatric Neurology Departments. The pretreatment NLR, PLR, CRP, and albumin levels and Hughes scores at hospital admission, discharge, and third-month control were documented.

An investigation on the effects of carbamazepine and sodium valproate on neuromuscular transmission.

The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of sodium valproate (SV) and carbamazepine (CBZ) on neuromuscular transmission using single-fibre electromyography (SFEMG) in patients with epilepsy. We performed SFEMG during the voluntary contraction of extensor digitorum communis muscle. 30 epileptic patients taking SV, 25 epileptic patients taking CBZ, and 25 age-matched healthy volunteers were included in the study.

Surgical treatment of pseudotumor cerebri.

Aim: To share our experience with idiopathic intracranial hypertension.

Material And Methods: All patients believed to have pseudotumor cerebri underwent a fundus oculi examination to confirm the existence of papillary stasis and lumbar puncture (LP) to measure cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) pressure. Patients who did not respond to medical treatment underwent fundus oculi examinations at 3-week intervals.