Diagnosis and treatment of pediatric frontotemporal pits: report of 2 cases.

In contrast to more common nasal and cervical lesions, the frontotemporal pit is a rarely encountered lesion that is often associated with a dermoid and may track intracranially. Due to delays in diagnosis, the propensity to spread intracranially, and the risk of infection, awareness of these lesions and appropriate diagnosis and management are important. The authors present 2 cases of frontotemporal pits from a single institution.

Early surgical debridement in the management of infectious scleritis after pterygium excision.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to report outcomes of infectious scleritis after pterygium surgery, managed with antibiotic therapies and early scleral debridement.

Methods: Retrospective chart review of 13 consecutive cases of infectious scleritis after pterygium excision between 1999 and 2009 was conducted. Collected data included prior medical and surgical history, latency period between pterygium surgery and presentation of infectious scleritis, culture and histopathologic findings, antibiotic regimen, length of hospital stay, visual acuity before and after treatment, and complications.

Between-grader repeatability of tear meniscus measurements using Fourier-domain OCT in patients with dry eye.

Background And Objective: To examine the between-grader repeatability of height, depth, and cross-sectional area measurements of the lower tear meniscus, using a Fourier-domain optical coherence tomography (OCT) system.

Patients And Methods: A total of 16 patients with dry eye had the lower tear meniscus of the right eye imaged twice in rapid succession. The tear meniscus height, depth, and cross-sectional area were measured by two masked graders using computer calipers.

The early flat anterior chamber after trabeculectomy: a randomized, prospective study of 3 methods of management.

Purpose: To evaluate prospectively 3 different approaches to the management of a flat anterior chamber (FAC) because of overfiltration in the early postoperative period after trabeculectomy.

Materials And Methods: Thirty-six eyes diagnosed with a FAC with total iridocorneal touch, but no lenticular touch (grade II) because of overfiltration in the first 14 days after trabeculectomy were randomized prospectively into 3 groups: group 1--anterior chamber reformation with viscoelastic substance; group 2--anterior chamber reformation with balanced salt solution and concurrent drainage of choroidal effusion; and group 3--pharmacologic therapy with atropine, phenylephrine, and in select cases oral acetazolamide. Outcome measures were visual acuity, amount of intraocular pressure (IOP) reduction, and achievement of predetermined target IOP.

Oral niacin can increase intraocular pressure.

The intraocular pressure of a 73-year-old man with a history of primary open-angle glaucoma had been approximately 21 and 17 mm Hg in the right and left eyes, respectively, while taking latanoprost 0.005% and dorzolamide hydrochloride 2%. When taking 500 mg of oral niacin (also known as vitamin B3 or nicotinic acid), his intraocular pressure increased to 37 and 27 mm Hg in the right and left eyes, respectively, on one occasion.

Post-peripheral iridotomy inflammation in patients with dark pigmentation.

A retrospective chart review of four patients who had Nd:YAG peripheral iridotomy performed for narrow anterior chamber angle and subsequently developed marked inflammation after tapering anti-inflammatory steroids. These cases were possibly predisposed to this reaction by the heavy pigmentation of their irides based on race, their use of latanoprost, or the conjunction of these factors.

The amount of intraocular pressure rise during pharmacological pupillary dilatation is an indicator of the likelihood of future progression of glaucoma.

Aim: To determine if there is a relationship between the amount of increase in IOP following dilatation with a cycloplegic agent and the future course of glaucoma.

Method: A retrospective chart review of 100 eyes from 55 subjects with open-angle glaucoma who had had IOP measured before and after pharmacological pupillary dilatation was performed to establish the rate of progression of glaucoma, based on serial evaluation of the visual fields using the glaucoma staging system 2 (GSS 2), and optic discs using the disc damage likelihood scale (DDLS). Progressive visual field loss was defined as an increase of two or more stages with the GSS 2 and progressive deterioration of the disc was defined as an increase of two or more stages with the DDLS.