Combining Image Similarity and Predictive Artificial Intelligence Models to Decrease Subjectivity in Thyroid Nodule Diagnosis and Improve Malignancy Prediction.

Objectives: To evaluate the efficacy of combining predictive artificial intelligence (AI) and image similarity model to risk stratify thyroid nodules, using retrospective external validation study.

Methods: Two datasets were used to determine efficacy of the AI application. One was Stanford dataset ultrasound images of 192 nodules between April 2017 and May 2018 and the second was private practice consisting of 118 thyroid nodule images between January 2018 and December 2023.