Association between beta-blocker atenolol use and prostate cancer upgrading in active surveillance.

Objectives: The objective of this study is to investigate the association between the use of beta-adrenergic antagonist atenolol and risk of pathologic upgrade in patients on active surveillance, considering growing literature implicating adrenergic innervation with disease progression mediated through beta-adrenergic signalling.

Patients And Methods: Men with low-risk or favourable intermediate-risk prostate cancer who were placed on an active surveillance protocol between 2006 and 2020 across three diverse urban hospitals were included. Exposure was duration of atenolol use, and outcome was pathologic grade group upgrading (to GG ≥ 3) on final prostate biopsy.

Clinical Risk Factors Associated With Small Renal Mass Malignant Histology in a Multi-Ethnic Population Undergoing Partial Nephrectomy.

Introduction: Small renal masses (SRMs) are often incidentally diagnosed, and a large proportion are malignant. However, there is a paucity of data describing predictors of malignancy in minority patients with SRMs. Thus, our goal was to examine clinical risk factors associated with SRM malignant histology in patients undergoing partial nephrectomy (PN) a diverse, urban academic center.

Rates of False-Negative Screening in Prostate Specific Antigen Secondary to 5-Alpha Reductase Inhibitor Usage: A Quality-Improvement Initiative.

Purpose: Patients often take 5-alpha reductase inhibitors (5-ARIs) for the management of benign prostatic hyperplasia. However, 5-ARIs can decrease prostate specific antigen (PSA) by approximately half and therefore may lead to false negative PSA tests. We investigated false-screening rates in men on 5-ARIs undergoing PSA testing and whether ordering physicians noticed false negative findings.

Association of Obesity and Diabetes With Prostate Cancer Risk Groups in a Multiethnic Population.

Introduction: Obesity and diabetes mellitus (DM) have been associated with prostate cancer (PCa) risk, but data examining their combined effects on aggressive PCa are sparse, particularly among non-Hispanic Black and Hispanic men. We investigated the associations of obesity and DM in relation to National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) PCa risk groups in a racially-diverse patient population.

Patients And Methods: We abstracted demographic and clinical data from men who underwent radical prostatectomy at our institution between 2005 and 2019.

The impact of surgical downgrading on prostate cancer recurrence: systematic review and analysis of a multiethnic population.

Objective: To perform a systematic review and a retrospective cohort analysis evaluating the rates of surgical downgrading of prostate cancer (PCa) from biopsy (PBx) to radical prostatectomy (RP), and their association with biochemical recurrence (BCR) in a multiethnic population.

Methods: A systematic review of PubMed and other databases was performed. We included retrospective studies evaluating the relationship between surgical downgrading and BCR-free survival.

Mandated Opioid Online Training Course-Does it Impact Opioid Prescription Patterns for Outpatient Endoscopic Urological Surgeries?

Introduction: Opioid addiction is a rising public health crisis. We evaluated if a New York State-mandated online opioid awareness course impacted our urology opioid prescription practices for outpatient endoscopic surgeries.

Methods: We completed a retrospective review of all ambulatory endoscopic cases identified by CPT codes for all adult urology faculty between February 2016 and January 2018.

Finasteride Use and Risk of Bladder Cancer in a Multiethnic Population.

Purpose: Finasteride use has been associated with a reduced incidence of bladder cancer. However, the majority of studies have been conducted primarily in East Asian or White populations. Given differences in the incidence of bladder cancer among racial/ethnic groups, it is important to determine whether the effect of finasteride use on bladder cancer varies by race/ethnicity.

Variations in Perioperative Antibiotic Prescriptions Among Academic Urologists After Ambulatory Endoscopic Urologic Surgery: Impact on Infection Rates and Validation of 2019 Best Practice Statement.

Objective: To evaluate adherence to the American Urologic Association (AUA) best practice statement guidelines regarding antibiotic duration in the perioperative setting for endoscopic urologic surgery. We assessed concordance to these guidelines among adult urologists at a single academic institution and its correlation with postoperative positive urine cultures as it relates to the revised 2019 best practice statement.

Methods: We performed a retrospective review of all adult endoscopic ambulatory urologic surgeries performed over an 18-month period by urologists at our institution.

Use of beta-blocker types and risk of incident prostate cancer in a multiethnic population.

Purpose: Increased adrenergic innervation is observed in prostate cancer (CaP) and is associated with aggressive disease. Emerging evidence suggests that beta-adrenergic blockade inhibits CaP progression. However, the association between type of beta-blocker use and risk of incident CaP on initial prostate biopsy has not been investigated in multiethnic populations.

Does Glomerular Filtration Rate at Discharge After Partial Nephrectomy Predict Long-Term Glomerular Filtration Rate Stability?

Being able to predict glomerular filtration rate (GFR) plateau after partial nephrectomy (Pnx) is an important goal in providing patients with a confident projection of maintained renal function. As such, in an ethnically and socioeconomically diverse, inner city cohort of patients undergoing Pnx, we compared preoperative (pre-op) and day of discharge (DC) GFR to that of long-term GFR measured at 12-18 months to evaluate postoperative (post-op) GFR stability. A total of 162 patients who had undergone minimally invasive Pnx at a single institution between 2010 and 2016 were reviewed.

A comparison of perinephric fat surface area and Mayo Adhesive Probability score in predicting malignancy in T1 renal masses.

Introduction: Recent studies have proposed that nearby fat deposits may have metabolic influence on kidney cancer pathobiology. Both fat quantity and quality may play unique roles in this complex relationship. As such, we investigated whether perinephric fat surface area (PFA), a quantitative measure of fat, or Mayo Adhesive Probability (MAP) score, a qualitative measure, were predictive of malignant pathology or Fuhrman grade in small renal masses.

Does total testicular volume predict testicular volume difference in adolescent males with varicocele?

Introduction: We evaluated the relationship between total testicular volume (TTV) and testicular volume differential (TVD) in adolescent males with varicocele. Both low TTV and high TVD have been independently associated with higher incidences of infertility later in life, but a predictive relationship between TTV and TVD directly has yet to be described.

Materials And Methods: We retrospectively analyzed a database of Tanner 5 boys ages 16-21 who presented with varicocele at a single institution between 2009 and 2017.

UroLift in Place of Fiducial Markers for Patients With Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia Undergoing External Beam Radiation Therapy.

Objective: To investigate if using a novel treatment for obstructive benign prostatic hyperplasia (UroLift) to relive lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) prior to external beam radiotherapy (EBRT) could also supplant the use of fiducial markers obviating the need for a second transrectal procedure while facilitating symptom-free voiding during and after EBRT a series of patients are reported on.

Methods: The medical records of 7 consecutive patients who underwent placement of UroLift for simultaneous treatment of obstructive LUTS due to benign prostatic hyperplasia and targeting of EBRT for treatment of prostate cancer between September and December of 2015 were reviewed.

Results: The UroLift clips were sufficiently radiopaque to make targeting possible for EBRT.

Geographic location is an important determinant of risk factors for stone disease.

Some regions are known to have an increased burden of urolithiasis. Urolithiasis is known to be affected by weather patterns, particularly high ambient temperatures. To identify geographic differences in risk factors, we compared metabolic information for 1254 patients in two geographically distinct regions, New York and Florida, with per sample adjustment for ambient weather.

The Effect of Disease Severity on 24-Hour Urine Parameters in Kidney Stone Patients With Type 2 Diabetes.

Objective: To characterize the changes in urine composition associated with increasing severity of diabetes, we analyzed urine composition relative to glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) and treatment strategy in a largely minority population.

Methods: Patients treated for kidney stones between 2001 and 2013 at a single tertiary institution and had 24-hour urine collections were included in the study. Patients with type 1 diabetes or taking either thiazide diuretics or alkalinizing agents were excluded.

The visceral fat compartment is independently associated with changes in urine constituent excretion in a stone forming population.

The objective of this study was to identify the independent effect of visceral fat on urine constituent excretion in a stone forming population. Using a database of 382 kidney stone patients with available visceral fat quantification, we created multiple linear regression models predicting changes in urinary solutes based on visceral fat area and body mass-index, divided by gender. Chi-square tests were used to compare stone composition by body mass-index and visceral fat area.

Prevalence of and attitudes about distracted driving in college students.

Objective: To identify current distracted driving (DD) behaviors among college students, primarily those involving cell phone use, and elucidate the opinions of the students on the most effective deterrent or intervention for reducing cell phone use.

Methods: Students enrolled at 12 colleges and universities were recruited to participate in an online, anonymous survey. Recruitment was done via school-based list-serves and posters.