The selection of tRNAs by their cognate aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases is critical for ensuring the fidelity of protein synthesis. While nucleotides that comprise tRNA identity sets have been readily identified, their specific role in the elementary steps of aminoacylation is poorly understood. By use of a rapid kinetics analysis employing mutants in tRNA(His) and its cognate aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase, the role of tRNA identity in aminoacylation was investigated.
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