Idiopathic hypersomnia years after the diagnosis.

Little attention has been paid to the long-term development of idiopathic hypersomnia symptoms and idiopathic hypersomnia comorbidities. The aim of this study was to describe the general health of patients with idiopathic hypersomnia years after the initial diagnosis, focusing on current subjective hypersomnolence and the presence of its other possible causes. Adult patients diagnosed with idiopathic hypersomnia ≥ 3 years ago at sleep centres in Prague and Kosice were invited to participate in this study.

Central Disorders of Hypersomnolence: Association with Fatigue, Depression and Sleep Inertia Prevailing in Women.

Fatigue, depression, and sleep inertia are frequently underdiagnosed manifestations in narcolepsy and idiopathic hypersomnia. Our cross-sectional study design included diagnostic interview accompanied by assessment instruments and aimed to explore how these factors influence disease severity as well as to elucidate any sex predisposition. One hundred and forty-eight subjects (female 63%) were divided into narcolepsy type 1 (NT1; n = 87, female = 61%), narcolepsy type 2 (NT2; n = 22, female = 59%), and idiopathic hypersomnia (IH; n = 39, female = 69%).

Idiopathic hypersomnia: a homogeneous or heterogeneous disease?

Introduction: Idiopathic hypersomnia (IH) is a rare orphan disease characterized by excessive daytime sleepiness, frequently accompanied by prolonged nocturnal sleep and difficulties awakening, termed sleep inertia or sleep drunkenness. Severe sleepiness usually causes a greater handicap than manifestations of narcolepsy.

Methods: Forty-three IH patients (17 male, mean age 42.

Rare Case of Late-Onset Narcolepsy Type 1.

A 69-year-old male developed symptoms typical of the diagnosis of narcolepsy type 1 without any previous triggering events. First, daytime sleepiness occurred, soon followed by cataplexy. Nocturnal polysomnography revealed rapid eye movement (REM) sleep behavior disorder, a apnea-hypopnea index of 25.

Narcolepsy with cataplexy in patients aged over 60 years: a case-control study.

Objective: Narcolepsy with cataplexy (NC) is a chronic disabling disease; however, there are insufficient data on older NC subjects.

Methods: A cross-sectional evaluation on health and social status, including intensity and progression of NC symptoms, was performed on 42 NC patients (age 71.9 years ± 7.

Hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal axis, glucose metabolism and TNF-α in narcolepsy.

Narcolepsy with cataplexy is caused by a deficiency in the production of hypocretin/orexin, which regulates sleep and wakefulness, and also influences appetite, neuroendocrine functions and metabolism. In this case-control study, 11 patients with narcolepsy with cataplexy and 11 healthy adults underwent an oral glucose tolerance test, and dexamethasone suppression/corticotropin-releasing hormone stimulation test. The average age of patients and controls was 35.

Narcolepsy and pregnancy: a retrospective European evaluation of 249 pregnancies.

In a retrospective cohort study undertaken in 12 European countries, 249 female narcoleptic patients with cataplexy (n = 216) and without cataplexy (n = 33) completed a self-administrated questionnaire regarding pregnancy and childbirth. The cohort was divided further into patients whose symptoms of narcolepsy started before or during pregnancy (308 pregnancies) and those in whom the first symptoms of narcolepsy appeared after delivery (106 pregnancies). Patients with narcolepsy during pregnancy were older during their first pregnancy (P < 0.

The stress hormone system in various sleep disorders.

Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA)-system activity is regulated by the suprachiasmatic nucleus, the primary endogenous circadian pacemaker. In addition, sleep plays an important modulatory role. However, data on HPA-system activity in sleep disorders are quite conflicting.

Obesity accompanies narcolepsy with cataplexy but not narcolepsy without cataplexy.

Background: Narcolepsy with cataplexy (NC) differs from narcolepsy without cataplexy (NwoC) in the cerebrospinal fluid levels of hypocretin. Since hypocretin is known to regulate not only wakefulness but also eating behaviour, we decided to compare the two entities for body mass index (BMI) and the presence of obesity.

Methods: Clinical data on patients with NC and NwoC was studied and examined, including nocturnal polysomnography and the Multiple Sleep Latency Test (MSLT).

Assessment of pregnancy outcomes in Czech and Slovak women with narcolepsy.

Background: Narcolepsy is associated with altered metabolic functions. We sought to investigate the effect of narcolepsy on pregnancy and newborns.

Material/methods: A retrospective cohort study of patients in whom the first symptoms of narcolepsy appeared before or after pregnancy.

Impaired glucose tolerance in sleep disorders.

Background: Recent epidemiological and experimental data suggest a negative influence of shortened or disturbed night sleep on glucose tolerance. Due to the high prevalence of sleep disorders this might be a major health issue. However, no comparative studies of carbohydrate metabolism have been conducted in clinical sleep disorders.