Pantoprazole associated dyspepsia hypocalcemia and hyponatremia: A disproportionality analysis in FDA adverse event reporting system (FAERS) database.

Background And Study Aim: The study was designed to detect novel Adverse Events (AEs) of pantoprazole by disproportionality analysis in the FDA (Food and Drug Administration) database of Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS) using Data Mining Algorithms (DMAs). Pantoprazole, the most commonly over-utilized Over The Counter (OTC) medication, was selected to assess any short-term or long-term AEs. The study aimed to analyze the novel adverse events of pantoprazole using the FAERS database.

Existence of Notoriety Bias in FDA Adverse Event Reporting System Database and Its Impact on Signal Strength.

Notoriety bias is defined as "a selection bias in which a case has a greater chance of being reported if the subject is exposed to the studied factor known to cause, thought to cause, or likely to cause the event of interest." This study aimed to determine the existence of notoriety bias in the FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS) database and estimate the impact of potential notoriety bias induced by safety alerts on signal estimation using disproportionality analysis. Publicly available FAERS data were downloaded and used for analysis.

Finding Early Improvement Threshold to Predict Response After 8 Weeks of Treatment Using Risperidone in First-Episode Psychosis.

Purpose/background: The study aims to assess whether the early response can predict the outcome at the endpoint for the treatment of first-episode psychosis with risperidone and identify the relationship between initial symptom reduction and late response.

Methods/procedures: A prospective observational study with 4 points follow-up (weeks 2, 3, 4, and 8) was conducted in 48 adult first-episode psychosis patients. Symptoms were quantified by the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) score.

Early prediction of clinical response in first episode schizophrenia (FES) patients receiving olanzapine.

At present, schizophrenia guidelines recommend waiting for 8 weeks before considering a patient as non-responder. This study aims to detect the optimal early response threshold that best predict the final outcome of olanzapine. The study was conducted for 8-week, four points follow up (week 2,3,4, and 8) prospective observational study.

Knowledge and Perception of Farmers Regarding Pesticide Usage in a Rural Farming Village, Southern India.

Background: Farmers are extensively using pesticides for pest control in agriculture. Their precarious handling practices may lead to higher exposure resulting in adverse health effects.

Aim: Current study was aimed to evaluate the knowledge, attitude and practices regarding pesticide usage and its toxic effects by farmers.

Novel Adverse Events of Iloperidone: A Disproportionality Analysis in US Food and Drug Administration Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS) Database.

Background: The signal is defined as "reported information on a possible causal relationship between an adverse event and a drug, of which the relationship is unknown or incompletely documented previously".

Objective: To detect novel adverse events of iloperidone by disproportionality analysis in FDA database of Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS) using Data Mining Algorithms (DMAs).

Methodology: The US FAERS database consists of 1028 iloperidone associated Drug Event Combinations (DECs) which were reported from 2010 Q1 to 2016 Q3.

Safety Profile of Levonorgestrel: A Disproportionality Analysis of Food and Drug Administration Adverse Event Reporting System (Faers) Database.

Background: Levonorgestrel is most commonly utilized as an emergency oral contraceptive. Little is known and/or studied about the adverse effects of levonorgestrel, therefore, current investigation was aimed to generate signal for unreported adverse drug reactions of levonorgestrel using disproportionality analysis in food and drug administration adverse events reporting system database.

Methods: In FDA Adverse Events Reporting System (FAERS) database, all adverse event reports for levonorgestrel between January 2006 to June 2015 were identified and disproportionality analysis was conducted for selected adverse events of levonorgestrel using Reporting Odds Ratio, Proportional Reporting Ratio and Information Component with 95% confidence interval.

Novel adverse events of vortioxetine: A disproportionality analysis in USFDA adverse event reporting system database.

Background: Signal detection is one of the most advanced and emerging field in pharmacovigilance. It is a modern method of detecting new reaction (which can be desired or undesired) of a drug. It facilitates early adverse drug reaction detection which enables health professionals to identify adverse events that may not have been identified in pre-marketing clinical trials.

Hepatoprotective and antioxidant activity of N-acetyl cysteine in carbamazepine-administered rats.

Objectives: The present study evaluates the hepatoprotective activity of N-acetyl cysteine (NAC) against carbamazepine (CBZ)-induced hepatotoxicity.

Materials And Methods: Rats were treated with CBZ (50 mg/kg p.o.