Phylogenetic and Pathogenic Evidence Reveals Novel Host-Pathogen Interactions between Species of and Dieback Disease in Southern Mexico.

Mexico ranks second in the world for Persian lime () exports, making it the principal citrus exporter within the national citrus industry, exporting over 600,000 tons per year. However, diseases are the main factor reducing production, resulting in significant economic losses. Among these diseases, fungal diseases like dieback, caused by species of , are an emerging issue in Persian lime.

Direct Somatic Embryogenesis in Carica papaya L. Genotypes for Genetic Modification Purposes.

This chapter presents an efficient protocol for regenerating Carica papaya plants via somatic embryogenesis from immature zygotic embryos from economically important papaya genotypes. To achieve regenerated plants from somatic embryos, in the present protocol, four induction cycles are required, followed by one multiplication cycle and one regeneration cycle. With this optimized protocol, 80% of somatic embryos can be obtained in only 3.

Genome-Wide Analysis of WRKY and NAC Transcription Factors in L. and Their Possible Role in the Loss of Drought Tolerance by Recent Cultivars through the Domestication of Their Wild Ancestors.

A genome-wide analysis for two families of key transcription factors (TF; WRKY and NAC) involved in drought response revealed 46 WRKY and 66 NAC members of the genome. A phylogenetic analysis grouped the CpWRKY proteins into three groups (I, II a, b, c, d, e and III), while the CpNAC proteins were clustered into 15 groups. The conserved domains, chromosomal localization and promoter cis-acting elements were also analyzed.

Insights into the Molecular Basis of Huanglongbing Tolerance in Persian Lime ( Tan.) through a Transcriptomic Approach.

Huanglongbing (HLB) is a vascular disease of caused by three species of the α-proteobacteria " Liberibacter", with " Liberibacter asiaticus" (Las) being the most widespread and the one causing significant economic losses in citrus-producing regions worldwide. However, Persian lime ( Tanaka) has shown tolerance to the disease. To understand the molecular mechanisms of this tolerance, transcriptomic analysis of HLB was performed using asymptomatic and symptomatic leaves.

The Insecticide Imidacloprid Decreases Stingless Bee Survival and Food Consumption and Modulates the Expression of Detoxification and Immune-Related Genes.

Stingless bees are ecologically and economically important species in the tropics and subtropics, but there has been little research on the characterization of detoxification systems and immune responses within them. This is critical for understanding their responses to, and defenses against, a variety of environmental stresses, including agrochemicals. Therefore, we studied the detoxification and immune responses of a stingless bee, , which is an important stingless bee that is widely distributed throughout Mexico, including urban areas, and has the potential to be used in commercial pollination.

The interaction between exogenous IBA with sucrose, light and ventilation alters the expression of ARFs and Aux/IAA genes in Carica papaya plantlets.

The interaction between exogenous IBA with sucrose, light and ventilation, alters the expression of ARFs and Aux/IAA genes in in vitro grown Carica papaya plantlets. In vitro papaya plantlets normally show low rooting percentages during their ex vitro establishment that eventually leads to high mortality when transferred to field conditions. Indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) auxin is normally added to culture medium, to achieve adventitious root formation on in vitro papaya plantlets.

Effect of yeast and essential oil-enriched diets on critical determinants of health and immune function in Africanized .

Nutrition is vital for health and immune function in honey bees (). The effect of diets enriched with bee-associated yeasts and essential oils of Mexican oregano () was tested on survival, food intake, accumulated fat body tissue, and gene expression of vitellogenin (), prophenoloxidase () and glucose oxidase () in newly emerged worker bees. The enriched diets were provided to bees under the premise that supplementation with yeasts or essential oils can enhance health variables and the expression of genes related to immune function in worker bees.

Transcriptomic analysis reveals key transcription factors associated to drought tolerance in a wild papaya (Carica papaya) genotype.

Most of the commercial papaya genotypes show susceptibility to water deficit stress and require high volumes of irrigation water to yield properly. To tackle this problem, we have collected wild native genotypes of Carica papaya that have proved to show better physiological performance under water deficit stress than the commercial cultivar grown in Mexico. In the present study, plants from a wild Carica papaya genotype and a commercial genotype were subjected to water deficit stress (WDS), and their response was characterized in physiological and molecular terms.

Genes coding for transporters showed a rapid and sharp increase in their expression in response to lead, in the aquatic fern (Salvinia minima Baker).

Salvinia minima was assessed for its ability to accumulate lead (Pb) by exposing it to concentrations of 40µM Pb(NO) during 24h. At the same time, the expression levels were quantified, of four genes coding for transporters: SmABCC (ABCC-MRP), SmATPase (ATPase-P3A), SmNhaD (Type-Na/H) and SmABCG (ABCG-WBC). In the absence of lead, S.

The high content of β-carotene present in orange-pulp fruits of Carica papaya L. is not correlated with a high expression of the CpLCY-β2 gene.

We investigated the transcriptional regulation of six genes involved in carotenoid biosynthesis, together with the carotenoid accumulation during postharvest ripening of three different papaya genotypes of contrasting pulp color. Red-pulp genotype (RPG) showed the lowest content of yellow pigments (YP), such as β-cryptoxanthin, zeaxanthin, and violaxanthin, together with the lowest relative expression levels (REL) of CpLCY-β2 and CpCHX-β genes. On the contrary, the yellow-pulp genotype (YPG) showed the highest content of YP and the highest REL of CpLCY-β2 and CpCHX-β genes.