Bundesgesundheitsblatt Gesundheitsforschung Gesundheitsschutz
June 2023
Societal health is facing a number of new challenges, largely driven by ongoing climate change, demographic ageing, and globalization. The One Health approach links human, animal, and environmental sectors with the goal of achieving a holistic understanding of health in general. To implement this approach, diverse and heterogeneous data streams and types must be combined and analyzed.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCurr Top Microbiol Immunol
February 2021
The zoonotic pathogen Campylobacter is the leading cause for bacterial foodborne infections in humans. Campylobacters are most commonly transmitted via the consumption of undercooked poultry meat or raw milk products. The decreasing costs of whole genome sequencing enabled large genome-based analyses of the evolution and population structure of this pathogen, as well as the development of novel high-throughput molecular typing methods.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFUnderstanding the complex interactions of microbial communities including bacteria, archaea, parasites, viruses and fungi of the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) associated with states of either health or disease is still an expanding research field in both, human and veterinary medicine. GIT disorders and their consequences are among the most important diseases of domesticated Equidae, but current gaps of knowledge hinder adequate progress with respect to disease prevention and microbiome-based interventions. Current literature on enteral microbiomes mirrors a vast data and knowledge imbalance, with only few studies tackling archaea, viruses and eukaryotes compared with those addressing the bacterial components.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAntibiotic resistance is by far one of the most important health threats of our time. Only a global concerted effort of several disciplines based on the One-Health concept will help in slowing down this process and potentially mitigate the ruin of healthcare we have come to enjoy. In this review, we attempt to summarize the most basic and important topics that serve as good information tools to create .
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBundesgesundheitsblatt Gesundheitsforschung Gesundheitsschutz
May 2018
Without doubt, drug resistance is now one of the greatest health threats of our time. Not even 100 years after the discovery of the first antibiotics that saved human lives, we find ourselves threatened by the thought of a post-antibiotic era. Currently it is estimated that around 700,000 people die annually as a consequence of drug-resistant infections.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMethicillin-resistant Staphylocoocus aureus (MRSA) harboring mecA(LGA251) has been isolated from humans and ruminants. Database screening identified this MRSA variant in cats, dogs, and a guinea pig in Germany during 2008-2011. The novel MRSA variant is not restricted to ruminants or humans, and contact with companion animals might pose a zoonotic risk.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe ability to adhere to host surfaces is by far the most vital step in the successful colonization by microbial pathogens. Colonization begins with the attachment of the bacterium to receptors expressed by cells forming the lining of the mucosa. Long hair like extracellular appendages called fimbriae, produced by most Gram-negative pathogens, mediate specific attachment to the epithelial cell surface.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBerl Munch Tierarztl Wochenschr
April 2010
The idea of "Comparative Medicine" was founded by distinguished scientists in the 1900s, in which context the name of Rudolf Ludwig Carl Virchow always comes into the limelight. This discipline was practiced thoroughly with the study of every infective disease transmitted naturally from vertebrates to man, namely the zoonoses. The following article will highlight the concept of "Comparative Medicine" with the example of tuberculosis research carried out during the second half of the 19th century.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe extraintestinal pathogen, avian pathogenic E. coli (APEC), known to cause systemic infections in chickens, is responsible for large economic losses in the poultry industry worldwide. In order to identify genes involved in the early essential stages of pathogenesis, namely adhesion and colonization, Signature-tagged mutagenesis (STM) was applied to a previously established lung colonization model of infection by generating and screening a total of 1,800 mutants of an APEC strain IMT5155 (O2:K1:H5; Sequence type complex 95).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAlthough research has increasingly focused on the pathogenesis of avian pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC) infections and the "APEC pathotype" itself, little is known about the reservoirs of these bacteria. We therefore compared outbreak strains isolated from diseased chickens (n = 121) with nonoutbreak strains, including fecal E. coli strains from clinically healthy chickens (n = 211) and strains from their environment (n = 35) by determining their virulence gene profiles, phylogenetic backgrounds, responses to chicken serum, and in vivo pathogenicities in a chicken infection model.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFE. coli infections in avian species have become an economic threat to the poultry industry worldwide. Several factors have been associated with the virulence of E.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMicrobiology (Reading)
April 2008
Infections with extraintestinal avian pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC) cause significant economic losses in the poultry industry worldwide. In a previous study we applied signature-tagged transposon mutagenesis and identified 28 virulence-associated genes in APEC strain IMT5155 (O2 : H5 : K1). One of them, yjjQ, encodes a putative transcriptional regulator whose function and role in pathogenesis are still unknown.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAvian pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC), uropathogenic E. coli (UPEC), and newborn meningitis-causing E. coli (NMEC) establish infections in extraintestinal habitats (extraintestinal pathogenic E.
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