Feasibility of a physiotherapist-supervised walking program with telephone coaching to increase physical activity following acquired brain injury.

Background Physical activity has health benefits for adults with acquired brain injury, but it is a challenge to increase physical activity during inpatient rehabilitation. The objectives of this pilot study were to determine whether a physiotherapy-supervised inpatient walking program was feasible and able to improve physical activity and sedentary behaviour in the short and medium term. Methods Adults with acquired brain injury receiving inpatient rehabilitation undertook twice-weekly supervised walks plus behavioural therapy for 4 weeks.

Pain Education and Virtual Reality Improves Pain, Pain-related Fear of Movement, and Trunk Kinematics in Individuals With Persistent Low Back Pain.

Objectives: To evaluate the effect of combining pain education and virtual reality (VR) exposure therapy using a cognitive-behavioral therapy-informed approach (virtual reality-based cognitive behavioral therapy [VR-CBT]) on pain intensity, fear of movement, and trunk movement in individuals with persistent low back pain.

Materials And Methods: Thirty-seven participants were recruited in a single cohort repeated measures study, attending 3 sessions 1 week apart. The VR-CBT intervention included standardized pain education (session 1) and virtual reality-based exposure therapy (VRET; session 2) incorporating gameplay with mixed reality video capture and reflective feedback of performance.

Effectiveness of Interventions on Work Outcomes After Road Traffic Crash-Related Musculoskeletal Injuries: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Background: Musculoskeletal injuries are common after road traffic crash (RTC) and can lead to poor work-related outcomes. This review evaluated the impact of interventions on work-related (e.g.

Calibration and validation of physical behaviour cut-points using wrist-worn ActiGraphs for children and adolescents: A systematic review.

Objectives: To review cut-points calibrated and independently validated from wrist-worn ActiGraph accelerometers to measure moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and time spent sedentary (SED) in children and adolescents.

Design: Systematic literature review.

Methods: Five databases were searched for relevant cut-point calibration and independent validation studies relating to wrist worn ActiGraphs in children and adolescents from inception through 30 April 2022.

Objectively and subjectively measured physical activity levels in individuals with whiplash associated disorder and aged-matched healthy controls.

Background: Whiplash associated disorders (WAD) are the most common non-hospitalised injuries resulting from a motor vehicle crash. Half of individuals with WAD experience ongoing pain and disability. Furthermore, individuals with persistent WAD have lower levels of aerobic capacity and isometric strength compared with age-matched controls.

Estimation of human spine orientation with inertial measurement units (IMU) at low sampling rate: How low can we go?

Studying people in their daily life is important for understanding conditions with multi-faceted aetiology such as chronic low back pain. Inertial measurement units can be used to reconstruct the posture and motion of the body outside of laboratories to enable this research. The battery life of these sensors strongly affects the usability of the system, since recharging them frequently is inconvenient and can lead to additional errors.

Anterior deltoid muscle reflection using a deltopectoral approach is safe and does not influence outcome of reverse shoulder arthroplasty.

Background: The deltopectoral approach is well accepted for shoulder arthroplasty procedures. The extended deltopectoral approach with detachment of the anterior deltoid from the clavicle allows increased joint exposure and can protect the anterior deltoid from traction injury. The efficacy of this extended approach has been demonstrated in anatomic total shoulder replacement surgery.

Are objective measures of sleep and sedentary behaviours related to low back pain flares?

Risk factors for low back pain (LBP) flares have been considered about self-reported measures. This case-crossover study aimed to investigate whether (1) objective measures of physical activity and sleep were associated with the risk of experiencing LBP flares and (2) these associations differed for flares defined as pain 2 or more points greater than average pain over the period using an 11-point Numerical rating scale (0-no pain and 10-worst pain imaginable) (pain-defined flare: PDF) and flares identified by participants according to a broader definition that considered emotions or coping (self-reported flare [SRF]). We included 126 participants who had experienced LBP for >3 months.

How reliable is measurement of posture during sleep: real-world measurement of body posture and movement during sleep using accelerometers.

. Understanding sleeping behaviours could improve prevention and treatment of sleep problems and associated health conditions. This study aimed to evaluate a method to assess body posture and movement during sleep using trunk-worn accelerometers for 28 nights.

The Impact of Musculoskeletal Injuries Sustained in Road Traffic Crashes on Work-Related Outcomes: A Systematic Review.

Musculoskeletal injuries occur frequently after road traffic crashes (RTCs), and the effect on work participation is not fully understood. The primary aim of this review was to determine the impact of sustaining a musculoskeletal injury during an RTC on the rate of return to work (RTW), sick leave, and other work outcomes. The secondary aim was to determine factors associated with these work-related outcomes.

Evaluation of a physical activity promotion intervention for adults with whiplash associated disorders: a single-case experimental design study.

Purpose: There is considerable variation in the physical and psychological presentations of people with whiplash-associated disorder (WAD). Optimal treatment continues to be a challenge. This research evaluated the efficacy of a community-located, theory-based intervention designed to promote physically active behaviour in people with persistent WAD, and thereby improve perceptions of pain interference and confidence completing activities in the presence of neck pain.

Low Back Pain Flares: How do They Differ From an Increase in Pain?

Objective: The term flare is commonly used to describe low back pain (LBP) fluctuations, but individuals with LBP consider that it does not always correspond to increased pain. This case cross-over study aimed to: (1) determine the extent to which days with a flare identified according to a multidimensional definition (self-reported flare, SRF) corresponded to days with greater than average pain (pain-defined flare, PDF) and (2) to investigate whether physical and psychosocial features differ between PDF and SRF.

Materials And Methods: Individuals with LBP for ≥3 months (N=126) provided data on flares, physical, and psychosocial features daily for 28 days using a smartphone application.

ISSLS PRIZE IN CLINICAL SCIENCE 2021: What are the risk factors for low back pain flares and does this depend on how flare is defined?

Purpose: Although risk factors for new low back pain (LBP) episodes and acute-to-chronic transition have been identified, risk factors for flares of LBP remain largely unknown. This case-crossover study aimed to identify: (1) risk factors LBP flares and (2) whether risk factors differed when flare is defined by pain increase (pain-defined flare: PDF) or identified by participants according to a broader flare definition that considered emotions and coping (self-reported flare: SRF).

Methods: One hundred and twenty-six participants with LBP for > 3 months were included.

Expert consensus and perspectives on recovery following road traffic crashes: a Delphi study.

Purpose: To reach expert consensus on a definition for recovery following minor and moderate road traffic crash-related injuries and key factors that influence recovery, and to explore expert perspectives on risk identification methods.

Materials And Methods: A three-round Delphi study was conducted in which 47 experts (insurance representatives, health care professionals and researchers) were consulted.

Results: Strong expert agreement (86%) was reached for the definition: " Agreed key factors that influenced recovery included: resilience; coping skills; recovery expectations; pre-existing physical and mental health; workplace support; and, collaboration between the injured individual, treating providers and claim handlers.

Mobility levels of acute medical patients: Is behavioural mapping comparable to accelerometry?

Objective: To (1) determine agreement between behavioural mapping and accelerometry for measuring mobility levels in an acute medical inpatient setting and to (2) explore and compare the required resources and costs for both methods.

Design: Observational cross-sectional study.

Setting: Tertiary referral teaching hospital in Brisbane, Australia.

Impact of interventions on work-related outcomes for individuals with musculoskeletal injuries after road traffic crash: a systematic review protocol.

Background: Musculoskeletal injuries are the most common non-fatal injury from road traffic crashes. Even when the injuries are mild, they can cause pain which can affect return to work rates and work ability post-crash. Workplace output losses are the biggest cost from traffic crash-related injuries.

Identifying risk of poor physical and mental health recovery following a road traffic crash: An industry-specific screening tool.

This study aimed to develop an industry-specific tool to identify risk of poor physical and mental recovery following minor to moderate injuries sustained in a road traffic crash (RTC). Existing tools are often designed for implementation by health professionals rather than insurer case managers who may not have a background in health. This study is a secondary analysis of a longitudinal cohort study using data collected at 2-6 months and 24 months post-RTC.

The impact of musculoskeletal injuries sustained in road traffic crashes on work-related outcomes: a protocol for a systematic review.

Background: Musculoskeletal injuries (strains/sprains, contusions, dislocations, and fractures) are the most common injury sustained in a road traffic crash. They can have a long-term impact upon the ability to engage in work. Persisting symptoms as well as poor physical and psychological recovery may reduce the ability to return to or remain at work necessitating the use of sick leave or alternate duties to enable a gradual return to full duties.

Solvent effects on the thermal isomerization of a rotary molecular motor.

As molecular machines move to exciting applications in various environments, the study of medium effects becomes increasingly relevant. It is difficult to predict how, for example, the large apolar structure of a light-driven rotary molecular motor is affected by a biological setting or surface proximity, while for future nanotechnology precise fine tuning and full understanding of the isomerization process are of the utmost importance. Previous investigations into solvent effects have mainly focused on the relatively large solvent-solute interaction of hydrogen bonding or polarization induced by the isomerization process.

Graphical Tasks to Measure Upper Limb Function in Patients With Parkinson's Disease: Validity and Response to Dopaminergic Medication.

The most widely used method to assess motor functioning in Parkinson's disease (PD) patients is the unified Parkinson's disease rating scale-III (UPDRS-III). The UPDRS-III has limited ability to detect subtle changes in motor symptoms. Alternatively, graphical tasks can be used to provide objective measures of upper limb motor dysfunction.

Standardized handwriting to assess bradykinesia, micrographia and tremor in Parkinson's disease.

Objective: To assess whether standardized handwriting can provide quantitative measures to distinguish patients diagnosed with Parkinson's disease from age- and gender-matched healthy control participants.

Design: Exploratory study. Pen tip trajectories were recorded during circle, spiral and line drawing and repeated character 'elelelel' and sentence writing, performed by Parkinson patients and healthy control participants.