The role of subjective risk perception and self-esteem in the relationship between sensation seeking and aberrant behaviors on the road: A moderated-moderation model.

Introduction: Road crashes are still one of the main causes of death around the world. Risky behavior has been proposed as one of the foremost predictors, with the theoretical framework of aberrant behavior emerging as a predominant approach for its examination. Sensation seeking has been pointed out as one of the main personality predictors of aberrant behavior.

Sex differences in cognitive reserve among first episode of psychosis patients.

Introduction: Cognitive reserve (CR) has recently been considered a key factor in the onset of a first episode of psychosis (FEP). However, the differences in CR in FEP patients according to sex have not yet been investigated.

Material And Methods: CR was estimated among 443 FEP patients (246 men and 197 women) and 156 healthy controls (96 men and 60 women) by using the proxies premorbid IQ, years of education and employment status.

Exploring parenthood in first episode of psychosis: the potential role of the offspring in the outcome of women.

Purpose: The study aimed to explore the role of parenthood at first episode of psychosis (FEP) on recovery, with a focus on potential sex differences.

Methods: Sociodemographic, clinical, and neurocognitive information was considered on 610 FEP patients form the PAFIP cohort (Spain). Baseline and three-year follow-up comparisons were carried out.

Premorbid adjustment as predictor of long-term functionality: Findings from a 10-year follow-up study in the PAFIP-cohort.

The literature indicates that patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorders often show deficits in premorbid adjustment. Additionally, these impairments have been correlated with critical disease parameters, evident in both early and advanced stages. The principal objective of this study was to investigate the association between premorbid adjustment and functional outcomes a decade following the initial episode of psychosis.

A Proxy Approach to Family Involvement and Neurocognitive Function in First Episode of Non-Affective Psychosis: Sex-Related Differences.

Schizophrenia spectrum disorders (SSD) often show cognitive deficits (CD) impacting daily life. Family support has been shown to be protective against CD, yet the relationship between these in psychotic patients remains complex and not fully understood. This study investigated the association between a subdomain of family support, namely, family involvement (estimated through a proxy measure), cognitive functioning, and sex in first-episode psychosis (FEP) patients.

Familiality of the Intelligence Quotient in First Episode Psychosis: Is the Degree of Family Resemblance Associated With Different Profiles?

Background And Hypothesis: There is uncertainty about the relationship between the family intelligence quotient (IQ) deviation and the risk for schizophrenia spectrum disorders (SSD). This study tested the hypothesis that IQ is familial in first episode psychosis (FEP) patients and that their degree of familial resemblance is associated with different profiles.

Study Design: The participants of the PAFIP-FAMILIAS project (129 FEP patients, 143 parents, and 97 siblings) completed the same neuropsychological battery.

Cognitive reserve as a moderator of outcomes in five clusters of first episode psychosis patients: a 10-year follow-up study of the PAFIP cohort.

Background: Cognitive reserve (CR) has been associated with the development and prognosis of psychosis. Different proxies have been used to estimate CR among individuals. A composite score of these proxies could elucidate the role of CR at illness onset on the variability of clinical and neurocognitive outcomes.

Intelligence quotient changes over 10 years: Diversity of cognitive profiles in first episode of psychosis and healthy controls.

Objective: This study aimed to analyse whether intelligence quotient (IQ) improves, declines, or remains stable over 10 years among FEP patients and healthy subjects.

Methods: A group of FEP patients enrolled in a Program of First Episode Psychosis in Spain called PAFIP, and a sample of Healthy Controls (HC) completed the same neuropsychological battery at baseline and approximately 10 years later, which included the WAIS vocabulary subtest to estimate premorbid IQ and 10-year IQ. Cluster analysis was performed separately in the patient group and the HC group to determine their profiles of intellectual change.

Overlap between genetic variants associated with schizophrenia spectrum disorders and intelligence quotient: a systematic review.

Background: To study whether there is genetic overlap underlying the risk for schizophrenia spectrum disorders (SSDs) and low intelligence quotient (IQ), we reviewed and summarized the evidence on genetic variants associated with both traits.

Methods: We performed this review in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) and preregistered it in PROSPERO. We searched the Medline databases via PubMed, PsycInfo, Web of Science and Scopus.

Corrigendum: Exploring the relationship between deficits in social cognition and neurodegenerative dementia: A systematic review.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2022.

Trauma and psychosis: The mediating role of premorbid adjustment and recent stressful events in a 3-year longitudinal study.

Background: Some of the most-studied environmental factors that can contribute to the development of psychosis are the adversities experienced at an early age. Among these, childhood interpersonal trauma (CIT) has been considered especially influential in the onset of the disease. The aim of the study was to explore the relationship between CIT and the first episode of psychosis (FEP), as well as the relationship between CIT and clinical and functional outcomes 3 years after illness onset.

Naturalistic study on the use of clozapine in the early phases of non-affective psychosis: A 10-year follow-up study in the PAFIP-10 cohort.

Clozapine is seldom prescribed in treatment-resistant schizophrenia (TRS) patients during early phases of the illness. We aimed to examine the pathway and patterns and the impact of clozapine use in patients with TRS who were followed up for 10 years after the first outbreak of the illness. Data were obtained retrospectively from an epidemiological cohort of first episode schizophrenia patients (n = 218) who had been treated in a specialized intervention program (PAFIP).

Neuroimaging correlates of insight in non-affective psychosis: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objective: Neurological correlates of impaired insight in non-affective psychosis remain unclear. This study aimed to review and meta-analyze the studies assessing the grey matter volumetric correlates of impaired insight in non-affective psychosis.

Methods: This study consisted of a systematic review of 23 studies, and a meta-analysis with SDM-PSI of the 11 studies that were whole-brain and reported maps or peaks of correlation of studies investigating the grey matter volumetric correlates of insight assessments of non-affective psychosis, PubMed and OVID datasets were independently reviewed for articles reporting neuroimaging correlates of insight in non-affective psychosis.

Longitudinal effects of cannabis use on attentional processes in patients with first episode of psychosis.

Background: Attention deficits have been considered to be a central characteristic of schizophrenia-spectrum disorders. However, the specific interactions with, and longitudinal effects of, cannabis use at the different stages of the disorder remain unknown. Due to the high percentage of patients who are cannabis users at the onset of the disease, our objective was to explore this relationship and how it evolves in the first three years of the disease.

Exploring the Relationship Between Deficits in Social Cognition and Neurodegenerative Dementia: A Systematic Review.

Background: Neurodegenerative diseases might affect social cognition in various ways depending on their components (theory of mind, emotional processing, attribution bias, and social perception) and the subtype of dementia they cause. This review aims to explore this difference in cognitive function among individuals with different aetiologies of dementia.

Methods: The following databases were explored: MEDLINE via PubMed, Cochrane Library, Lilacs, Web of Science, and PsycINFO.

A meta-analysis of deep brain structural shape and asymmetry abnormalities in 2,833 individuals with schizophrenia compared with 3,929 healthy volunteers via the ENIGMA Consortium.

Schizophrenia is associated with widespread alterations in subcortical brain structure. While analytic methods have enabled more detailed morphometric characterization, findings are often equivocal. In this meta-analysis, we employed the harmonized ENIGMA shape analysis protocols to collaboratively investigate subcortical brain structure shape differences between individuals with schizophrenia and healthy control participants.

Comparison of aripiprazole and risperidone effectiveness in first episode non-affective psychosis: Rationale and design of a prospective, randomized, 3-phase, investigator-initiated study (PAFIP-3).

Background: Selecting the most effective treatment represents a critical challenge with the potential of modifying the long-term prognosis of individuals suffering a first break of psychosis. Head-to-head clinical trials comparing effectiveness among antipsychotic drugs in individuals with a first-episode of non-affective psychosis (FEP) are scarce.

Methods: The rationale and design of a 3 phases clinical trial (PAFIP-3, NCT02305823) comparing the effectiveness of aripiprazole and risperidone, and to additionally assess the benefits of an early use of clozapine in primary treatment-resistant patients is reported.

Neuroimaging correlates of insight in non-affective psychosis: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objective: Neurological correlates of impaired insight in non-affective psychosis remain unclear. This study aimed to review and meta-analyze the studies assessing the grey matter volumetric correlates of impaired insight in non-affective psychosis.

Methods: This study consisted of a systematic review of 23 studies, and a meta-analysis with SDM-PSI of the 11 studies that were whole-brain and reported maps or peaks of correlation of studies investigating the grey matter volumetric correlates of insight assessments of non-affective psychosis, PubMed and OVID datasets were independently reviewed for articles reporting neuroimaging correlates of insight in non-affective psychosis.

Stability of schizophrenia diagnosis in a 10-year longitudinal study on first episode of non-affective psychosis: Conclusions from the PAFIP cohort.

Objective: To evaluate the 10-year stability of schizophrenia diagnosis in a cohort of first-episode psychosis (FEP) patients and the factors associated with it.

Methods: Changes in diagnosis of 209 FEP patients were described during 10 years of follow-up. Related factors with maintenance or change of schizophrenia diagnosis were evaluated in prospective and retrospective approaches through binary logistic regressions, ROC and survival curves.

Moderators of cognitive insight outcome in metacognitive training for first-episode psychosis.

Metacognitive training (MCT) is a promising treatment for improving cognitive insight associated with delusional beliefs in individuals with psychotic disorders. The aim of this study was to examine potential moderators of cognitive insight in individuals with first-episode psychosis (FEP) who received either MCT or psychoeducation. The present study was based on data from a randomized control trial comparing MCT to psychoeducation.

Education and long-term outcomes in first episode psychosis: 10-year follow-up study of the PAFIP cohort.

Background: Lower levels of education have been associated with the development of psychosis. Investigating educational achievement in the first episode of psychosis (FEP) patients may shed light on the origins of the alterations and on the variability of outcomes in psychotic disorders.

Methods: Education achievement was explored in a large sample ( = 659) of FEP patients enrolled in programa de atención a fases iniciales de psicosis (PAFIP), a research and assistance program conducted in Spain.

Different neurocognitive profiles of risperidone and aripiprazole in the FIRST episode of psychosis: A 3-year follow-up comparison.

Cognitive deficits have been recognized as a central feature of schizophrenia spectrum disorders. These deficits are often related to more severe negative symptoms, as well as a poorer adjustment in social functioning. Therefore, it is important to improve cognitive performance from the onset of the disease.

Entire duration of active psychosis and neurocognitive performance in first-episode non-affective psychosis.

Aim: To explore if the entire duration of active psychosis (DAP) is related to neurocognitive performance at baseline and at 3-year follow-up in patients with first episode psychosis (FEP).

Methods: DAP was estimated for 481 FEP patients. A neuropsychological battery was administered to measure neurocognitive specific domains, and a global indicator of neurocognitive impairment (global deficits score, GDS) was calculated.

Understanding sex differences in long-term outcomes after a first episode of psychosis.

While sex differences in schizophrenia have long been reported and discussed, long-term sex differences in outcomes among first episode of psychosis (FEP) patients in terms of the efficacy of Early Intervention Services (EIS) has been an under-explored area. A total of 209 FEP patients (95 females and 114 males) were reassessed after a time window ranging from 8 to 16 years after their first contact with an EIS program (PAFIP) that we will call the 10-year PAFIP cohort. Multiple clinical, cognitive, functioning, premorbid, and sociodemographic variables were explored at 1-year, 3-year and 10-year follow-ups.