Enhancing the Retinopathy Of Prematurity Risk Profile Through Placental Evaluation of Maternal and Fetal Vascular Malperfusion.

Purpose: To determine the independent effect of uteroplacental malperfusion on the development of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP).

Methods: This cohort study included 591 neonates with a gestational age (GA) ≤ 32 weeks or birthweight (BW) ≤ 1500 g. Clinical data was retrospectively collected and placentas were prospectively examined for maternal vascular malperfusion (e.

Early-Onset Sepsis as an Early Predictor for Retinopathy of Prematurity: A Meta-analysis.

Objective:  Neonatal sepsis has been established as a risk factor for retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) but previous meta-analyses have predominately focused on late-onset sepsis (LOS). This meta-analysis aims to explore the association between early-onset sepsis (EOS) and the risk of ROP.

Study Design:  Observational studies reporting (unadjusted) data on proven EOS in neonates with ROP were included.

Histological Chorioamnionitis and Funisitis as New Risk Factors for Retinopathy of Prematurity: A Meta-analysis.

Objective: The role of placental inflammation in neonatal morbidities is underestimated due to lack of placental examination. This meta-analysis aims to assess the association between histological chorioamnionitis (HCA) with and without funisitis (FUN) and risk of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP).

Study Design: Forty-five studies reporting (unadjusted) data on HCA without FUN and HCA with FUN in neonates with ROP were included.

Conservative Management of Patent Ductus Arteriosus in Preterm Infants-A Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses Assessing Differences in Outcome Measures Between Randomized Controlled Trials and Cohort Studies.

This study aims to evaluate outcome after conservative management (no pharmacological/surgical intervention other than fluid restriction, diuretics, or ventilator adjustments) compared with active (pharmacological and/or surgical) treatment for patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) in preterm infants and analyze differences in outcome between randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and cohort studies. This is a systematic literature review using PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane library. RCTs and cohort studies comparing conservative management with active treatment were included.

Factors Associated With Benefit of Treatment of Patent Ductus Arteriosus in Preterm Infants: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

There is an ongoing debate on the optimal management of patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) in preterm infants. Identifying subgroup of infants who would benefit from pharmacological treatment might help. To investigate the modulating effect of the differences in methodological quality, the rate of open-label treatment, and patient characteristics on relevant outcome measures in randomized controlled trials (RCTs).

Panobinostat mediated cell death: a novel therapeutic approach for osteosarcoma.

Osteosarcoma is an aggressive cancer with a poor long term prognosis. Neo-adjuvant poly-chemotherapy followed by surgical resection remains the standard treatment, which is restricted by multi-drug resistance. If first-line therapy fails, disease control and patient survival rate drop dramatically.

Using benchmarking to identify inter-centre differences in persistent ductus arteriosus treatment: can we improve outcome?

Objective: The aim of this study was to identify inter-centre differences in persistent ductus arteriosus treatment and their related outcomes. Materials and methods We carried out a retrospective, multicentre study including infants between 24+0 and 27+6 weeks of gestation in the period between 2010 and 2011. In all centres, echocardiography was used as the standard procedure to diagnose a patent ductus arteriosus and to document ductal closure.

[A neonate with an interlabial cyst].

During a routine physical examination of a term, healthy neonate of Somalian origin we observed an anteriorly located interlabial yellow cyst with visible vascularisation on the outer surface. It caused lateralisation of the urinary meatus without notable obstruction. A Skene's duct cyst, or paraurethral cyst, was clinically diagnosed with spontaneous regression.

Extreme hyperleucocytosis of the premature.

Physiological leucocytosis is common in neonates. Leukemoid reaction is defined as a variable degree of leucocytosis with immature precursors, similar to that occurring in leukaemia but because of other causes. Leukemoid reactions are well-recognised in the neonatal intensive care unit population and are associated with antenatal corticosteroids, Down's syndrome, chorioamnionitis, funisitis and perinatal infections.

Anti-inflammatory role of the cAMP effectors Epac and PKA: implications in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

Cigarette smoke-induced release of pro-inflammatory cytokines including interleukin-8 (IL-8) from inflammatory as well as structural cells in the airways, including airway smooth muscle (ASM) cells, may contribute to the development of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Despite the wide use of pharmacological treatment aimed at increasing intracellular levels of the endogenous suppressor cyclic AMP (cAMP), little is known about its exact mechanism of action. We report here that next to the β(2)-agonist fenoterol, direct and specific activation of either exchange protein directly activated by cAMP (Epac) or protein kinase A (PKA) reduced cigarette smoke extract (CSE)-induced IL-8 mRNA expression and protein release by human ASM cells.

Effect of supplementation with zinc and other micronutrients on malaria in Tanzanian children: a randomised trial.

Background: It is uncertain to what extent oral supplementation with zinc can reduce episodes of malaria in endemic areas. Protection may depend on other nutrients. We measured the effect of supplementation with zinc and other nutrients on malaria rates.

Effect of α(+)-thalassaemia on episodes of fever due to malaria and other causes: a community-based cohort study in Tanzania.

Background: It is controversial to what degree α(+)-thalassaemia protects against episodes of uncomplicated malaria and febrile disease due to infections other than Plasmodium.

Methods: In Tanzania, in children aged 6-60 months and height-for-age z-score < -1.5 SD (n = 612), rates of fevers due to malaria and other causes were compared between those with heterozygous or homozygotes α(+)-thalassaemia and those with a normal genotype, using Cox regression models that accounted for multiple events per child.

How to promote fruit consumption in children. Visual appeal versus restriction.

The prevalence of overweight is increasing dramatically in children. A protective factor against the development of overweight is a sufficient intake of fruit and vegetables. However, the consumption of fruit and vegetables in children is far from ideal these days.

From the Garden of Eden to the land of plenty. Restriction of fruit and sweets intake leads to increased fruit and sweets consumption in children.

Overweight is increasing rapidly in children, compelling researchers to seek for determinants of adverse food intake. In a previous experiment it was found that manipulating the restriction of attractive snacks increased the desirability and intake of these snacks. In the present study, we tested whether this paradoxical restricting effect is also seen in relatively less attractive but healthy food, i.

Do not eat the red food!: prohibition of snacks leads to their relatively higher consumption in children.

Overweight is becoming more prevalent in children. Parents' behaviours play an important role in children's eating behaviour and weight status. In addition to modelling and providing meals, parents also have an influence by using control techniques.

Impulsivity predicts treatment outcome in obese children.

Treatment for obesity is still running short, particularly on the long term. However, some people do take advantage of treatments and are able to retain their weight loss. What makes the difference between those who can keep their weight loss and those who cannot? One possible predictor of relapse in obesity treatment is impulsivity.