Impact of sleep health on self-perceived health status.

Although sleep habits have long been recognized as a promoter of health, the World Health Organization 2014 report on non-communicable diseases (NCDs) only listed smoking, alcohol intake, diet and physical activity (PA) as key modifiable risk factors that could enhance health and prevent NCDs. Cross-sectional data on 4385 surveys from the 2015 Catalan Health Survey, representative of the 2015 non-institutionalized Catalan population over age 14, were used to assess and compare the independent associations of low PA (International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ): low activity); poor diet (PREvención con DIeta MEDiterránea questionnaire (PREDIMED): low-adherent); poor sleep health (Satisfaction, Alertness, Timing, Efficiency and Duration scale (SATED): <8); smoking status; and, alcohol intake (high-risk drinker based on standard drink units) with having a poor self-perceived health status. Logistic regression models adjusted by age, gender, education level and number of comorbidities showed that poor sleep health had the strongest independent association with poor self-perceived health status (OR = 1.

Assessing sleep health in a European population: Results of the Catalan Health Survey 2015.

Objective: To describe the overall sleep health of the Catalan population using data from the 2015 Catalan Health Survey and to compare the performance of two sleep health indicators: sleep duration and a 5-dimension sleep scale (SATED).

Methods: Multistage probability sampling representative of the non-institutionalized population aged 15 or more years, stratified by age, gender and municipality size, was used, excluding nightshift-workers. A total of 4385 surveys were included in the analyses.

Manufactured and roll-your-own cigarettes: A changing pattern of smoking in Barcelona, Spain.

Aims: The objectives of the present study were to describe smoking prevalence and compare the smoking attributes of adult smokers according to the type of tobacco product consumed.

Methods: Repeated cross-sectional surveys (2004-2005 and 2011-2012) of a representative sample of the adult (≥16 years) population in Barcelona, Spain, were used to assess self-reported tobacco consumption, smoking attributes, and salivary cotinine concentration. The survey conducted in 2004-2005 included information on 1245 subjects and the survey in 2011-2012 on 1307 individuals.

Impact of the Spanish smoking legislations in the adoption of smoke-free rules at home: a longitudinal study in Barcelona (Spain).

Objective: To assess the impact of two Spanish smoking legislations in the adoption of voluntary smoke-free-homes rules in Spain.

Methods: This is a longitudinal study, before and after the implementation of two national smoking bans (in 2005 and 2010), in a representative sample (n=1245) of non-institutionalised adults (≥16 years) from Barcelona (Spain) surveyed in 2004-2005 and followed up in 2013-2014. The final sample analysed was 736 individuals (400 women and 336 men).

Deconstructing myths, building alliances: a networking model to enhance tobacco control in hospital mental health settings.

Life expectancy for people with severe mental disorders is up to 25 years less in comparison to the general population, mainly due to diseases caused or worsened by smoking. However, smoking is usually a neglected issue in mental healthcare settings. The aim of this article is to describe a strategy to improve tobacco control in the hospital mental healthcare services of Catalonia (Spain).

Second-hand smoke exposure in indoor and outdoor areas of cafés and restaurants: Need for extending smoking regulation outdoors?

Smoke-free legislation in indoor public places has concentrated smokers in the areas outside building entrances or other outdoor areas. This study assessed the drift of second-hand smoke between outdoor and indoor areas of cafés and restaurants in Barcelona, Spain, and characterized the exposure on outdoor terraces. Using a cross-sectional design, we monitored vapor-phase nicotine in indoor areas and outside entrances simultaneously (n=47), and on some outdoor terraces (n=51).

Perception of electronic cigarettes in the general population: does their usefulness outweigh their risks?

Objective: To describe and compare the perceptions of the general population about the harmful effects of electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) on users and on those passively exposed to e-cigarettes and the perceptions about e-cigarette usefulness for reducing or eliminating tobacco smoking.

Design, Setting, And Participants: We analysed cross-sectional data from a longitudinal study of a representative sample of the general adult (≥16 years) population of Barcelona, Spain (336 men and 400 women). The fieldwork was conducted between May 2013 and February 2014.

Particulate Matter from Electronic Cigarettes and Conventional Cigarettes: a Systematic Review and Observational Study.

Objectives: The aim of this study is to review the literature on the composition of aerosols from electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) originated by human vaping and to describe the emission of particulate matter ≤ 2.5 μm in diameter (PM(2.5)) from conventional and e-cigarettes at home in real-use conditions.

[Smoking prevalence in hospital workers: meta-analysis in 45 Catalan hospitals].

Objective: To estimate the prevalence of smoking in workers from hospitals within the Catalan Network for Smoke-free hospitals from 2009 to 2012 according to workers' sociodemographic characteristics and the type of hospital.

Method: A meta-analysis was performed of prevalence surveys from representative samples of workers from 45 hospitals. The combined prevalence for all hospitals was calculated using a regression model with a random effects model weighted by sample size.

[Trends in ambulatory surgical procedures in Catalonia (Spain), 2001-2011].

Objective: To analyse the trend in ambulatory surgery procedures in Catalonia (Spain) hospitals with regard to the activity in inpatient care units and structural resources in surgery.

Methods: A descriptive study was performed using data from the Statistics of Health Facilities with Inpatient Care of the Health Department of the Catalan Government from 2001 to 2011. Data from acute care hospitals were analysed and were classified in public and private hospitals.

Secondhand smoke in outdoor settings: smokers' consumption, non-smokers' perceptions, and attitudes towards smoke-free legislation in Spain.

Objective: To describe where smokers smoke outdoors, where non-smokers are exposed outdoors to secondhand smoke (SHS), and attitudes towards smoke-free outdoor areas after the implementation of national smoke-free legislation.

Design: This cross-sectional study was conducted between June 2011 and March 2012 (n=1307 participants).

Setting: Barcelona, Spain.

[Knowledge of electronic cigarettes and their perceived harmfulness among the adult population in Barcelona (Spain)].

Objective: To describe knowledge of electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) and their perceived harmfulness in the population of Barcelona in 2013-2014.

Methods: We used participants from a longitudinal study of a representative sample of the adult population in the city of Barcelona (n=736). The field work was conducted between May 2013 and February 2014.

Attitudes towards electronic cigarettes regulation in indoor workplaces and selected public and private places: a population-based cross-sectional study.

Background: Currently, there is an intensive debate about the regulation of the use of electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) in indoor places. The aim of this study was to assess the attitudes toward e-cigarette use in indoor workplaces and selected public and private venues among the general population in Barcelona (Spain) in 2013-2014.

Methods: This is a cross-sectional study of a representative sample of the population of Barcelona (n = 736).

Maintenance of tobacco cessation programmes in public hospitals in Catalonia, Spain.

Introduction: The provision of smoking cessation interventions in hospitals has been strongly recommended. The aim of this study is to determine the maintenance of smoking cessation programmes for inpatients and hospital workers in hospitals of Catalonia (Spain) seven years after the implementation of a Tobacco Cessation Programme.

Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted in all hospitals that offer public service in Catalonia, Spain (n=73).

Cigarettes vs. e-cigarettes: Passive exposure at home measured by means of airborne marker and biomarkers.

Background: There is scarce evidence about passive exposure to the vapour released or exhaled from electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) under real conditions. The aim of this study is to characterise passive exposure to nicotine from e-cigarettes' vapour and conventional cigarettes' smoke at home among non-smokers under real-use conditions.

Methods: We conducted an observational study with 54 non-smoker volunteers from different homes: 25 living at home with conventional smokers, 5 living with nicotine e-cigarette users, and 24 from control homes (not using conventional cigarettes neither e-cigarettes).

Secondhand smoke in psychiatric units: patient and staff misperceptions.

Background: Mental health units have usually been exempted from complete smoke-free policies. The aim of this study was to compare the self-reported level of exposure to secondhand smoke (SHS) of patients and staff in psychiatric units to objective measures, and examine preference for different types of smoking bans.

Methods: Cross-sectional survey about ban preferences and self-reported exposure to SHS by means of a self-administered questionnaire administered to patients and staff from 65 inpatient psychiatric units in Catalonia (95.

Electronic cigarette use among adult population: a cross-sectional study in Barcelona, Spain (2013-2014).

Objective: This study seeks to analyse the prevalence and correlates of electronic cigarette (e-cigarette) use, purchase location and satisfaction with its use in a sample of the general population of the city of Barcelona, Spain.

Design, Setting And Participants: We used participants from a longitudinal study of a representative sample of the adult (≥16 years old) population of Barcelona (336 men and 400 women). The field work was conducted between May 2013 and February 2014.

Secondhand smoke exposure at home: assessment by biomarkers and airborne markers.

Objective: We assessed and characterized the relationship among biomarkers of secondhand smoke (SHS) exposure in non-smokers according to their exposure at home as measured by airborne markers.

Methods: We conducted an observational study on exposure to SHS at home using airborne markers (nicotine and benzene) and biomarkers from the non-smokers living in these homes. We selected 49 non-smoking volunteers from different homes: 25 non-smokers living with at least one smoker and 24 non-smokers living in smoke-free homes.

Impact of the Spanish smoke-free legislation on adult, non-smoker exposure to secondhand smoke: cross-sectional surveys before (2004) and after (2012) legislation.

Background: In 2006, Spain implemented a national smoke-free legislation that prohibited smoking in enclosed public places and workplaces (except in hospitality venues). In 2011, it was extended to all hospitality venues and selected outdoor areas (hospital campuses, educational centers, and playgrounds). The objective of the study is to evaluate changes in exposure to secondhand smoke among the adult non-smoking population before the first law (2004-05) and after the second law (2011-12).

Impact of tobacco control policies in hospitals: Evaluation of a national smoke-free campus ban in Spain.

Introduction: On January 2, 2011, the Spanish government passed a new smoking law that banned smoking in hospital campuses. The objective of this study was to evaluate the implementation of smoke-free campuses in the hospitals of Catalonia based on both airborne particulate matter and observational data.

Methods: This cross-sectional study included the hospitals registered in the Catalan Network of Smoke-free Hospitals.

Second-hand smoke in mental healthcare settings: time to implement total smoke-free bans?

Background: Second-hand smoke is associated with adverse health effects. Many countries have extended smoke-free policies to public buildings and workplaces such as hospitals, but mental health units have usually been exempted from complete smoke-free bans. The objective of this study was to evaluate second-hand smoke levels in mental health units with different types of smoking bans.

[Cigarette smoking prevalence and associated factors in secondary school children in Catalunya].

Objective: The aim of this study was to analyze those factors associated with cigarette smoking in adolescent school children, in order to plan future school interventions for promoting good health strategies developed by the schools and Primary Health Care professionals.

Design: Cross-sectional study with a two-stage cluster sampling.

Setting: The study included 97 schools, and was carried out in 2005-06 in Catalonia (Spain).

Impact of the 2011 Spanish smoking ban in hospitality venues: indoor secondhand smoke exposure and influence of outdoor smoking.

Introduction: The Spanish tobacco control law of 2006 was modified in January 2011, banning smoking in all hospitality venues. The objective of the study was to assess the impact of the 2011 Spanish smoking ban on secondhand smoke (SHS) exposure in hospitality venues, and to analyze the potential impact of outdoor smokers close to entrances on indoor SHS levels after the law came into force.

Methods: Before-and-after evaluation study with repeated measures.