Breastfeeding behind bars: Experiences of incarcerated mothers in the Spanish penitentiary system.

This research aims to analyze the breastfeeding experiences of incarcerated mothers in the prisons of the Spanish penitentiary system. Additionally, it explores whether these mothers have perceived practices related to obstetric violence during pregnancy, childbirth, and the postpartum period. An exploratory-descriptive study was conducted using a qualitative approach and a critical ethnographic method.

[Obstetric violence as epistemic injustice: childbirth trouble.].

This article theoretically frames the issue of obstetric violence as epistemic injustice, drawing heavily from feminist phenomenological philosophy, within the general framework of narrative bioethics and the fight for sexual-reproductive rights. The first section deals with the concept of obstetric violence, emphasizing Latin America's pioneering role in its coinage and recognition, as well as its empirical-hermeneutical applications. In the second section, consideration is given to how the concept of obstetric violence has been analyzed through the lens of epistemic injustice (in its two versions: testimonial and hermeneutic), which has signified major progress in its systemic understanding and its biopolitical nature.

[Milk donation and pandemic: human milk as a global good.].

The human milk donation has been an undervalued and very biasedly examined subject until relatively recently, in comparison with other types of human donation (organs, tissues, fluids), not being recognized its dimension of bodily altruistic and philanthropic act in the same way as other (mildly) analogous realities, as well as in its approach from the perspective of feminist and gender studies. On the other hand, although the COVID-19 pandemic and the various lockdown processes have had an onerous impact on human breastfeeding in general, we find data on the global increase in breastfeeding donation as a specific altruistic gesture during the pandemic in Spain and, even, on the decisions in the most complicated moments of the state of alarm about donating one's own milk in the tragedy of perinatal death. These altruistic donations contribute to carrying out the fulfillment of what has already been declared a human right and one of the social investments with the most advantageous cost-benefit index.

[Childhood and the pandemic: Chronicle of an absence foretold].

As the COVID-19 pandemic has made visible, childhood is the virus's proverbial south: a world where care is not a value chosen from a place of desire, and where children's voices are silenced at the hands of an ancestral epistemic injustice. Thus, the transformation that human societies are undergoing due to COVID-19 has significantly impacted the rights of children, both at the micro and the macro levels. In Spain - a country that has been particularly hard-hit by the pandemic - we find that both infancy (especially through obstetric violence) and childhood at all its stages fall victim to an adultcentric paradigm based on control and epistemic injustice.