Integrated Analysis of Methylome and Transcriptome Responses to Exercise Training in Children with Overweight/Obesity.

We examined the effects of a 20-week exercise intervention on whole-blood genome-wide DNA methylation signature and its association with the exercise-induced changes in gene expression profiles in boys and girls with overweight/obesity (OW/OB). Twenty-three children (10.05 ± 1.

Enhancing Transcriptomic Insights into Neurological Disorders Through the Comparative Analysis of Shapley Values.

Neurological disorders such as Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), Schizophrenia (SCH), Bipolar Disorder (BD), and Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) affect millions of people worldwide, yet their molecular mechanisms remain poorly understood. This study describes the application of the Comparative Analysis of Shapley values (CASh) to transcriptomic data from nine datasets associated with these complex disorders, demonstrating its effectiveness in identifying differentially expressed genes (DEGs). CASh, which combines Game Theory with Bootstrap resampling, offers a robust alternative to traditional statistical methods by assessing the contribution of each gene in the broader context of the complete dataset.

Substance P and Neurokinin-1 receptor are overexpressed in adamantinomatous craniopharyngioma than in the pituitary gland.

Background: Human adamantinomatous craniopharyngioma (ACP) is a brain tumor that originates at the base of the skull and shows aggressive local behavior, invading sensitive structures such as the optic pathways and hypothalamus. The conventional treatment of the tumor has been surgery and radiotherapy with the consequent development of serious sequelae. It is well known that Substance P (SP) peptide and Neurokinin-1 receptor (NK-1R) are involved in inflammation and cancer progression and its blockage with NK-1R antagonists has been shown to effectively counteract tumor development in preclinical trials.

Impact of Treatment on Quality of Life in Oropharyngeal Cancer Survivors: A 3-Year Prospective Study.

(1) Background: This prospective study aimed to assess the impact on quality of life (QoL) from pretreatment to 3 years after treatment in oropharyngeal carcinoma (OPC) survivors. (2) Methods: QoL was measured with the EORTC QLQ-C30 and EORTC QLQ-H&N35 scales before treatment and in the first and third years. (3) Results: Of 72 patients, 51 completed all questionnaires over 3 years.

Comparative Analysis of Shapley Values Enhances Transcriptomics Insights across Some Common Uterine Pathologies.

Uterine pathologies pose a challenge to women's health on a global scale. Despite extensive research, the causes and origin of some of these common disorders are not well defined yet. This study presents a comprehensive analysis of transcriptome data from diverse datasets encompassing relevant uterine pathologies such as endometriosis, endometrial cancer and uterine leiomyomas.

Scn1a haploinsufficiency in the prefrontal cortex leads to cognitive impairment and depressive phenotype.

Altered development and function of the prefrontal cortex (PFC) during adolescence is implicated in the origin of mental disorders. Deficits in the GABAergic system prominently contribute to these alterations. Nav1.

AAV6 mediated Gsx1 expression in neural stem progenitor cells promotes neurogenesis and restores locomotor function after contusion spinal cord injury.

Genomic screened homeobox 1 (Gsx1 or Gsh1) is a neurogenic transcription factor required for the generation of excitatory and inhibitory interneurons during spinal cord development. In the adult, lentivirus (LV) mediated Gsx1 expression promotes neural regeneration and functional locomotor recovery in a mouse model of lateral hemisection spinal cord injury (SCI). The LV delivery method is clinically unsafe due to insertional mutations to the host DNA.

Sclerosing angiomatoid nodular transformation (SANT) of the spleen can be safely diagnosed by a core percutaneous ultrasound-guided biopsy.

Sclerosing angiomatoid nodular transformation (SANT) is a rare benign lesion of the spleen. SANT cannot be distinguished from other benign or malignant splenic tumors based on imaging findings. So, diagnosis relies on histopathologic examination.

Fractal Dimension Analysis in Neurological Disorders: An Overview.

Fractal analysis has emerged as a powerful tool for characterizing irregular and complex patterns found in the nervous system. This characterization is typically applied by estimating the fractal dimension (FD), a scalar index that describes the topological complexity of the irregular components of the nervous system, both at the macroscopic and microscopic levels, that may be viewed as geometric fractals. Moreover, temporal properties of neurophysiological signals can also be interpreted as dynamic fractals.

Reducing variability in nasal surgery outcomes through computational fluid dynamics and advanced 3D virtual surgery techniques.

Objectives: This study aims to delineate the specific impact of using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) and 3D virtual surgery techniques in otolaryngology surgery, focusing on their roles in enhancing the precision of nasal surgery and optimizing future patient outcomes. The central objective was to assess whether these advanced technologies could reduce variability in surgical approaches and decision-making among specialists, thereby improving the consistency and efficacy of patient care in cases of nasal obstruction.

Methods And Results: Our methodology involved a detailed analysis of pre- and post-operative scenarios using CFD feedback.

Assessing the impact of real-time random safety audits through full propensity score matching on reliable data from the clinical information system.

Background: Evidence-based care processes are not always applied at the bedside in critically ill patients. Numerous studies have assessed the impact of checklists and related strategies on the process of care and patient outcomes. We aimed to evaluate the effects of real-time random safety audits on process-of-care and outcome variables in critical care patients.

Advancements in veterinary medicine: the use of Flowgy for nasal airflow simulation and surgical predictions in big felids (a case study in lions).

Flowgy is a semi-automated tool designed to simulate airflow across the nasal passage and detect airflow alterations in humans. In this study, we tested the use and accuracy of Flowgy in non-human vertebrates, using large felids as the study group. Understanding the dynamics of nasal airflow in large felids such as lions () is crucial for their health and conservation.

Substance P and Neurokinin-1 Receptor System in Thyroid Cancer: Potential Targets for New Molecular Therapies.

In recent years, numerous approaches have been developed to comprehend the molecular alterations underlying thyroid cancer (TC) oncogenesis and explore novel therapeutic strategies for TC. It is now well established that the neurokinin-1 receptor (NK-1R) is overexpressed in cancer cells and that NK-1R is essential for the viability of cancer cells. The binding of substance P (SP) to NK-1R in neoplastic cells plays a pivotal role in cancer progression by promoting neoplastic cell growth, protecting tumor cells from apoptosis, triggering invasion and metastasis through the enhanced migration of cancer cells, and stimulating endothelial cell proliferation for tumor angiogenesis.

Effectiveness and safety of ustekinumab in bio-naïve Crohn's disease patients: a multicentre observational retrospective study.

Background: Clinical trials have demonstrated the efficacy and safety of ustekinumab in Crohn's disease (CD). However, more data are necessary on the effectiveness of ustekinumab in bio-naïve patients in real-life studies.

Objectives: The aim of our study was to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of ustekinumab in patients with CD refractory or intolerant to conventional therapy and without previous exposure to biological drugs.

What lies underneath: Precise classification of brain states using time-dependent topological structure of dynamics.

The self-organising global dynamics underlying brain states emerge from complex recursive nonlinear interactions between interconnected brain regions. Until now, most efforts of capturing the causal mechanistic generating principles have supposed underlying stationarity, being unable to describe the non-stationarity of brain dynamics, i.e.

The mid-secretory endometrial transcriptomic landscape in endometriosis: a meta-analysis.

Study Question: Do women with endometriosis have a different endometrial gene expression profile at the time of embryo implantation than women without endometriosis?

Summary Answer: The endometrial gene expression profile of women with endometriosis differs from that of women without endometriosis at the mid-secretory phase, although the differences are small.

What Is Known Already: About 50% of women with endometriosis suffer infertility. Several molecular studies have suggested impaired endometrial receptivity in women with endometriosis, while others have detected no dysregulation of endometrial receptivity.

Substance P and Neurokinin 1 Receptor in Chronic Inflammation and Cancer of the Head and Neck: A Review of the Literature.

Head and neck cancer is a growing worldwide public health problem, accounting for approximately 1,500,000 new cases and 500,000 deaths annually. Substance P (SP) is a peptide of the tachykinin family, which has roles related to a large number of physiological mechanisms in humans. The implications of SP in carcinogenesis have recently been reported through the stimulation of the neurokinin 1 receptor (NK1R), or directly, through the effects derived from the constitutive activation of NK1R.

Complications After Heart Transplantation According to the Type of Pretransplant Circulatory/Ventricular Support.

Background: The purpose of the study was to analyze postcardiac transplant complications in patients who received transplants with short-term mechanical ventricular assist devices and to compare complications according to the type of device.

Methods: Ambispective and consecutive study of urgent heart transplants from 2015 to 2019. Pediatric transplants, retransplants, and combined transplants were excluded.

Linking Chronic Otitis Media and Nasal Obstruction: A CFD Approach.

Objectives: To investigate a possible relationship between altered nasal flow and chronic otitis media (COM) using computational fluid dynamics (CFD).

Study Design: Retrospective case series.

Methods: Retrospective cohort sample of CT scans from patients with COM and controls without COM to compare the results of various nasal airflow parameters determined by CFD between a group of patients with COM (N = 60) and a control group of subjects without any evidence of ear disease (N = 81).

Diversity of Adult Neural Stem and Progenitor Cells in Physiology and Disease.

Adult neural stem and progenitor cells (NSPCs) contribute to learning, memory, maintenance of homeostasis, energy metabolism and many other essential processes. They are highly heterogeneous populations that require input from a regionally distinct microenvironment including a mix of neurons, oligodendrocytes, astrocytes, ependymal cells, NG2+ glia, vasculature, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), and others. The diversity of NSPCs is present in all three major parts of the CNS, i.

Nkx6.1 enhances neural stem cell activation and attenuates glial scar formation and neuroinflammation in the adult injured spinal cord.

Nkx6.1 plays an essential role during the embryonic development of the spinal cord. However, its role in the adult and injured spinal cord is not well understood.

Cardiorespiratory fitness in children with overweight/obesity: Insights into the molecular mechanisms.

Objectives: High cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) levels reduce the risk of developing cardiovascular disease (CVD) during adulthood. However, little is known about the molecular mechanisms underlying the health benefits of high CRF levels at the early stage of life. This study aimed to analyze the whole-blood transcriptome profile of fit children with overweight/obesity (OW/OB) compared to unfit children with OW/OB.