Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) exposure during pregnancy and child anthropometry from birth to 10 years of age: Sex-specific evidence from a cohort study in rural Bangladesh.

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) have endocrine disrupting properties and they cross the placental barrier, but studies on gestational exposure and child anthropometry are inconclusive. We aimed to elucidate the impact of early gestational PAH exposure on anthropometry from birth to 10 years of age in 1295 mother-child pairs from a nested sub-cohort of the MINIMat trial in Bangladesh. Several PAH metabolites [1-hydroxyphenanthrene (1-OH-Phe), Σ2-,3-hydroxyphenanthrene (Σ2-,3-OH-Phe), 4-hydroxyphenanthrene (4-OH-Phe), 1-hydroxypyrene (1-OH-Pyr), Σ2-,3-hydroxyfluorene (Σ2-,3-OH-Flu)] were quantified in spot urine collected around gestational week 8 using LC-MS/MS.

Interhospital Variability in Utilization of Cardioversion for Atrial Fibrillation in the Emergency Department.

The role for direct current cardioversion (DCCV) in the management of atrial fibrillation (AF) in the emergency department (ED) is unclear. Factors associated with DCCV in current practice are not well described, nor is the variation across patients and institutions. All ED encounters with a primary diagnosis of AF were identified from the Nationwide Emergency Department Sample from 2006 to 2017.

Clinical results at 10 years of minimum follow-up with the ABG 2 hip arthroplasty, matched with ceramic-on-ceramic bearings.

Introduction: The current study aimed as a primary goal is to assess the results of a ceramic-on-ceramic (CoC) bearing hip system matched with ABG (Anatomic Benoist Girard) 2 components in terms of survivorship. Secondary objectives addressed specifically ceramic-related complications as well as specific patterns at the bone-implant interface.

Material And Methods: This is a retrospective bicentric continuous series involving 147 patients (95 males vs.

Evaluating Family Medicine Resident Narrative Comments Using the RIME Scheme.

Background: In 2013, the Accreditation Council on Graduate Medical Education (ACGME) launched the Next Accreditation System, which required explicit documentation of trainee competence in six domains. To document narrative comments, the University of North Carolina Family Medicine Residency Program developed a mobile application to document real time observations.

Objective: The objective of this work was to assess if the Reporter, Interpreter, Manager, Expert (RIME) framework could be applied to the narrative comments in order to convey a degree of competency.

Functional coupling between target selection and acquisition in the superior colliculus.

Survival in unpredictable environments requires that animals continuously evaluate their surroundings for behavioral targets, direct their movements toward those targets, and terminate movements once a target is reached. The ability to select, move toward, and acquire spatial targets depends on a network of brain regions, but it remains unknown how these goal-directed processes are linked by neural circuits. Within this network, common circuits in the midbrain superior colliculus (SC) mediate the selection and initiation of movements to spatial targets.

Complete Genome Sequences of Bacillus cereus Group Phages AaronPhadgers, ALPS, Beyonphe, Bubs, KamFam, OmnioDeoPrimus, Phireball, PPIsBest, YungSlug, and Zainny.

Here, we report genome sequences of 10 Bacillus cereus group-infecting bacteriophages. Each virus was isolated from an environmental sample, contained a double-stranded DNA genome, and belonged to the family. Nine phages exhibit a conserved genome structure, and one phage appears novel in genome structure, sequence, and protein content.

Biomarkers after Controlled Inhalation Exposure to Exhaust from Hydrogenated Vegetable Oil (HVO).

Hydrogenated vegetable oil (HVO) is a renewable diesel fuel used to replace petroleum diesel. The organic compounds in HVO are poorly characterized; therefore, toxicological properties could be different from petroleum diesel exhaust. The aim of this study was to evaluate the exposure and effective biomarkers in 18 individuals after short-term (3 h) exposure to HVO exhaust and petroleum diesel exhaust fumes.

Inhibitory neurons in the superior colliculus mediate selection of spatially-directed movements.

Decision making is a cognitive process that mediates behaviors critical for survival. Choosing spatial targets is an experimentally-tractable form of decision making that depends on the midbrain superior colliculus (SC). While physiological and computational studies have uncovered the functional topographic organization of the SC, the role of specific SC cell types in spatial choice is unknown.

InstaHisto: Utilizing Instagram as a Medium for Disseminating Visual Educational Resources.

Background: Applying active recall during studying vexes medical students. The integration of social media into medical education is rapidly expanding; however, there is minimal use of Instagram in medical education. Histology is a visually dominant subject and pairs well with Instagram.

Spatial representations in the superior colliculus are modulated by competition among targets.

Selecting and moving to spatial targets are critical components of goal-directed behavior, yet their neural bases are not well understood. The superior colliculus (SC) is thought to contain a topographic map of contralateral space in which the activity of specific neuronal populations corresponds to particular spatial locations. However, these spatial representations are modulated by several decision-related variables, suggesting that they reflect information beyond simply the location of an upcoming movement.

Clinical results of endoscopic treatment without repair for partial thickness gluteal tears.

Introduction: Various surgical treatments have been proposed for greater trochanteric pain syndrome (GTPS) related to gluteal tendinopathy with partial thickness tears. The clinical results of endoscopic debridement without repair of these gluteal tears are not well known. The objectives of this study were to determine if this procedure leads to: (1) reduction of pain, (2) functional improvement, (3) patient satisfaction (on scale of 0 to 10).

Warning! Dopaminergic Modulation of the Superior Colliculus.

Recent work by Bolton et al. describes a dopaminergic input to the superior colliculus (SC) from the zona incerta, as well as the organization of D1- and D2-receptor expression in the SC. We discuss a potential role for this input in modulating SC-mediated behavior, particularly in response to aversive stimuli.

Changes in Femoral Version During Implantation of Anatomic Stems: Implications on Stem Design.

Background: Component positioning in total hip arthroplasty (THA) is among the primary indicators for longevity and success. Acetabular component positioning has been discussed in literature at length; however, femoral component positioning is also important as it contributes to combined anteversion.

Methods: In this study, we examined the changes in femoral anteversion after the implantation of anatomic stem ABG II.

Dynamic membrane depolarization is an early regulator of ependymoglial cell response to spinal cord injury in axolotl.

Salamanders, such as the Mexican axolotl, are some of the few vertebrates fortunate in their ability to regenerate diverse structures after injury. Unlike mammals they are able to regenerate a fully functional spinal cord after injury. However, the molecular circuitry required to initiate a pro-regenerative response after spinal cord injury is not well understood.

PVT1 dependence in cancer with MYC copy-number increase.

'Gain' of supernumerary copies of the 8q24.21 chromosomal region has been shown to be common in many human cancers and is associated with poor prognosis. The well-characterized myelocytomatosis (MYC) oncogene resides in the 8q24.

Clinical results, radiological findings and survival of a proximally hydroxyapatite-coated hip ABG II stem at a minimum of ten years' follow-up: results of a consecutive multicentre study of 1148 hips in 1053 patients.

We report a multicentre prospective consecutive study assessing the long-term outcome of the proximally hydroxyapatite (HA)-coated ABG II monobloc femoral component in a series of 1148 hips in 1053 patients with a mean age at surgery of 64.77 years (22 to 80) at a mean follow-up of 10.84 years (10 to 15.

Rotator cuff tears after 70 years of age: a prospective, randomized, comparative study between decompression and arthroscopic repair in 154 patients.

Introduction: Arthroscopic repair of rotator cuff tears leads to better clinical outcomes than subacromial decompression alone; however the former is rarely proposed to patients above 70 years of age. Our hypothesis was that arthroscopic repair would be superior to decompression in patient 70 years or older. The primary goal was to compare the clinical results obtained with each technique.

Arthroscopic repair of the rotator cuff: prospective study of tendon healing after 70 years of age in 145 patients.

Introduction: The level of activity of patients older than 70 years is tending to increase, as are their expectations in terms of joint function recuperation. It has not been proven that rotator cuff repair healing is satisfactory in the elderly. The main hypothesis of this study was: repair of supraspinous lesions in patients older than 70 years is reliable in terms of both clinical results and healing.

The cementless anatomic Benoist Girard (ABG) II total hip arthroplasty: a minimum 8-year follow-up study.

We have evaluated 90 consecutive primary cementless ABG II total hip replacements. The bearings combined metal-on-polyethylene in 64 hips, and alumina-on-alumina in 26 hips. At the minimum 8-year follow-up, ten patients had died, seven had been lost to follow-up, two had undergone revision of either or both components, and 68 were still alive and had not been revised.

Intra- and extra-articular planes of reference for use in total hip arthroplasty: a preliminary study.

Purpose: Acetabular component malalignment in total hip arthroplasty can lead to potential complications such as dislocation, component impingement and excessive wear. Computer-assisted orthopaedic surgery systems generally use the anterior pelvic plane (APP). Our aim was to investigate the reliability of anatomical landmarks accessible during surgery and to define new potential planes of reference.

Transgenic soybeans expressing siRNAs specific to a major sperm protein gene suppress Heterodera glycines reproduction.

The soybean cyst nematode (SCN), Heterodera glycines, is the major disease-causing agent limiting soybean production in the USA. The current management strategy to reduce yield loss by SCN involves the deployment of resistant soybean cultivars and rotation to non-host crops. Although this management scheme has shown some success, continued yearly yield loss estimates demonstrate the limitations of these techniques.

Genetically engineered resistance to Fusarium head blight in wheat by expression of Arabidopsis NPR1.

Fusarium head blight (FHB) is a devastating disease of wheat and barley which causes extensive losses worldwide. Monogenic, gene-for-gene resistance to FHB has not been reported. The best source of resistance to FHB is a complex, quantitative trait derived from the wheat cv.

Cannabinoid receptor type 2 gene is associated with human osteoporosis.

Osteoporosis is one of the most common degenerative diseases. It is characterized by reduced bone mineral density (BMD) with an increased risk for bone fractures. There is a substantial genetic contribution to BMD, although the genetic factors involved in the pathogenesis of human osteoporosis are largely unknown.