Determinants of time-to-recovery from hypertension by application of Weibull-Inverse Gaussian shared frailty model.

Introduction: hypertension is a major public health problem that is responsible for mortality. In Ethiopia, hypertension is becoming a double burden due to urbanization. The study aims to identify factors that affect the time to recovery from hypertension.

Spatial regression models to assess variations of composite index for anthropometric failure across the administrative zones in Ethiopia.

Background: There are a number of previous studies that investigated undernutrition and its determinants in Ethiopia. However, the national average in the level of undernutrition conceals large variation across administrative zones of Ethiopia. Hence, this study aimed to determine the geographic distribution of composite index for anthropometric failure (CIAF) and identify the influencing factors it' might be more appropriate.

Analysis of heterogeneous growth changes in longitudinal height of children.

Background: There have been methodologies developed for a wide range of longitudinal data types; nevertheless, the conventional growth study is restricted if individuals in the sample have heterogeneous growth trajectories across time. Using growth mixture modeling approaches, we aimed to investigate group-level heterogeneities in the growth trajectories of children aged 1 to 15 years.

Method: This longitudinal study examined group-level growth heterogeneities in a sample of 3401 males and 3200 females.

Correlates of age at first birth among women in Ethiopia: use of multilevel survival analysis models.

Introduction: the timing of birth of the first child has a direct relationship with fertility in general and health and future career including further education of a mother in particular. The objective of this study was to identify factors significantly associated with the time to the first birth among women in Ethiopia.

Methods: a cross-sectional study was conducted using data from the 2016 Ethiopian Demographic and Health Survey (EDHS).

Seasonal and spatial variations of malaria transmissions in northwest Ethiopia: Evaluating climate and environmental effects using generalized additive model.

The impacts of climate change and environmental predictors on malaria epidemiology remain unclear and not well investigated in the Sub-Sahara African region. This study was aimed to investigate the nonlinear effects of climate and environmental factors on monthly malaria cases in northwest Ethiopia, considering space-time interaction effects. The monthly malaria cases and populations sizes of the 152 districts were obtained from the Amhara public health institute and the central statistical agency of Ethiopia.

Incidence and Predictors of Aspiration Pneumonia Among Stroke Patients in Western Amhara Region, North-West Ethiopia: A Retrospective Follow Up Study.

Background: Aspiration pneumonia is one of the major complications among hospitalized stroke patients, with global incidence ranging from 5-83% and hospital mortality rate of up to 70%. This study aimed to assess the incidence and identify predictors of aspiration pneumonia among stroke patients in Western Amhara region, North-West Ethiopia.

Methods: An institution-based retrospective follow-up study was conducted on a simple random sample of 568 stroke patients in Western Amhara region admitted at Felege Hiwot Referral Hospital.

Nonlinear Physical Growth of Children from Infancy to Middle Adolescence in Low- and Middle-Income Countries.

Background: The growth curve has a significant role in understanding the growth trajectories over time and examining the mathematical relationship between the outcome variable and time.

Study Design: A longitudinal prospective cohort study.

Methods: This study aimed to identify a nonlinear growth curve that best represents the growth trajectories in children's physical growth from ages 1 to 15 years.

Latent growth analysis of children's height growth trajectories.

Characterizing and quantifying the trajectories of variables of interest through time in their field of study is of interest to a range of disciplines. The aim of this study was to investigate the growth speed in height of children and its determinants. A total of 3401 males and 3200 females from four low- and middle-income countries with measured height on five occasions from 2002 to 2016 were included in the study.

Space-time dynamics regression models to assess variations of composite index for anthropometric failure across the administrative zones in Ethiopia.

Background: A single anthropometric index such as stunting, wasting, or underweight does not show the holistic picture of under-five children's undernutrition status. To alleviate this problem, we adopted a multifaceted single index known as the composite index for anthropometric failure (CIAF). Using this undernutrition index, we investigated the disparities of Ethiopian under-five children's undernutrition status in space and time.

Exploring and modeling recurrent birth events in Ethiopia: EMDHS 2019.

Background: Globally, the estimated recurrent childbirth of one forth of women happens every two years or fewer. Next to Nigeria, Ethiopia is the second populist country in Africa and the first populist country in sub-Saharan Africa which consists of over 114 million population. There are prevalent short successive birth intervals problems in underdeveloped nations such as Ethiopia that contributes to adverse effects on mother and child health.

Assessing the prevalence and association between physical, emotional, and sexual of intimate partner violence against women in Nigeria.

Background: Several studies were carried out on prevalence and associated factors of physical, emotional, and sexual violence against women. However, little attention was given to a comprehensive study that assesses the association between physical, emotional, and sexual violence against women. Thus, this study aimed to assess the association between physical, emotional, and sexual violence against women and their prevalence.

Small Area Estimation of Undernutrition under Age Five Children Based on Spatial-Temporal Models.

The mean flow of direct survey estimates is mainly concerning the sample adequacy fulfillment unless it has been produced large variance estimates, and therefore, the small area estimations are developed to manage this flaw of the path. Small area estimation improved the direct survey estimates by borrowing strength from the census data and at the same time by using historical data from consecutive surveys. In this paper, we applied the spatiotemporal Fay-Herriot (STFH) model for producing fairly reliable disaggregate-level estimates of undernutrition indicators across all zones.

Studying latent change process in height growth of children in Ethiopia, India, Peru and Vietnam.

Background: Anthropometric measurements of healthy children differ in different parts of the world due to the diverse ethnicity and cultural backgrounds of families. In longitudinal studies, appropriate modeling of repeated anthropometric measures can improve the understanding of patterns of change, determinants of patterns, and variations in patterns of change over time. The objective of this study was to examine the latent change in physical height of children in Ethiopia, India, Peru, and Vietnam.

Spatiotemporal Trends and Distributions of Malaria Incidence in the Northwest Ethiopia.

Understanding and extracting noticeable patterns of malaria surveillance data at the district level are crucial for malaria prevention, control, and elimination progress. This study aimed to analyze spatiotemporal trends and nonparametric dynamics of malaria incidences in northwest Ethiopia, considering spatial and temporal correlations. The data were analyzed using count regression spatiotemporal models under the Bayesian setups, and parameters were estimated using integrated nested Laplace approximations (INLA).

Detection of temporal, spatial and spatiotemporal clustering of malaria incidence in northwest Ethiopia, 2012-2020.

Malaria is one of Ethiopia's most targeted communicable diseases for elimination. Malaria transmission varies significantly across space and time; and Ethiopia had space-time disparity in its transmission intensities. Considering heterogeneity and transmission intensity at the district level could play a crucial role in malaria prevention and elimination.

Effects of climate variability and environmental factors on the spatiotemporal distribution of malaria incidence in the Amhara national regional state, Ethiopia.

Malaria is a severe public health problem in the Amhara region, Ethiopia. A retrospective study was conducted to model and interpret the effects of climate variability and environmental factors on the monthly malaria surveillance data of 152 districts in the region. The data were analyzed using the Bayesian generalized Poisson spatiotemporal model.

Spatial data analysis of malnutrition among children under-five years in Ethiopia.

Background: Childhood malnutrition is a major cause of child mortality under the age of 5 in the sub-Saharan Africa region. This study sought to identify the risk factors and spatial distribution of the composite index of anthropometric failure (CIAF).

Methods: Secondary data from 2000, 2005, 2011, and 2016 Ethiopian Health and Demographic Survey (EDHS) were used.

A machine learning classifier approach for identifying the determinants of under-five child undernutrition in Ethiopian administrative zones.

Background: Undernutrition is the main cause of child death in developing countries. This paper aimed to explore the efficacy of machine learning (ML) approaches in predicting under-five undernutrition in Ethiopian administrative zones and to identify the most important predictors.

Method: The study employed ML techniques using retrospective cross-sectional survey data from Ethiopia, a national-representative data collected in the year (2000, 2005, 2011, and 2016).

Disparities in childhood composite index of anthropometric failure prevalence and determinants across Ethiopian administrative zones.

Background: The prevalence of under-five children's undernutrition in Ethiopia is among the highest in the world. This study aimed at exploring the prevalence and risk factors of the composite index for anthropometric failure (CIAF) of under-five children in Ethiopia by incorporating the zonal (district) effects.

Methods: The data was drawn from Ethiopian Demographic and Health Surveys (EDHSs), a population-based cross-sectional study of 29,599 under-five year children from 72 Zones in the years 2000, 2005, 2011, and 2016.

Predictors of blood glucose change and vascular complication of type 2 diabetes mellitus patients in Felege Hiwot Referral Hospital, North West Ethiopia.

Vascular complication results in serious physical damages which may lead to the death of Type 2 diabetes mellitus patients. Studying the determinant factors of changes in blood glucose level and duration of time to the development of vascular complications helps to save the lives of citizens. A retrospective cohort study was conducted among type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients enrolled between December 2011 and December 2012 at Felege Hiwot Referral Hospital.

Wealth index and other behavioral and sociodemographic characteristics associated with body mass index in Ethiopia.

Background: Nowadays, the burden of non-communicable diseases including obesity has been an increasing public health concern. This menace can be monitored using indexing method like body mass index. Studies indicate that socioeconomic indicators such as income, biology, behavior, and demographic factors associated with body mass index.

Modeling the Spatial Distribution of Cancer and Determining the Associated Risk Factors.

Background: Cancer is the second leading cause of death globally. Despite developing countries including Ethiopia continuing to shoulder the greatest burden, insufficient research has been conducted to determine geographical and other characteristic effects. The main objective of this study was to assess the distribution and risk of cancer and determine the effects of some common clinical patient characteristics on current patient status by taking into account the spatial effect.

Rural children active trachoma risk factors and their interactions.

Introduction: Trachoma is a serious public health problem in rural Ethiopia. The aim of this investigation was to provide in-depth statistical analysis of the risk factors associated with active trachoma among children of age 1-9 years of Kedida Gamela district, in Ethiopia.

Methods: A community based cross-sectional survey of trachoma was conducted in six selected rural kebeles of Kedida Gamela district, in Ethiopia from June 10-25, 2014.

Prevalence and associated factors of TB/HIV co-infection among HIV Infected patients in Amhara region, Ethiopia.

Background: Tuberculosis is one of the world's most common causes of death in the era of Human immunodeficiency virus. The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence and associated factors of TB/HIV co-infection.

Methods: Hospital based retrospective studies were conducted among adult HIV-positive patients.