Publications by authors named "Essam Hussein"

Terpyridine-based metal complexes have emerged as versatile and indispensable building blocks in the realm of modern chemistry, offering a plethora of applications spanning from materials science to catalysis and beyond. This comprehensive review article delves into the multifaceted world of terpyridine complexes, presenting an overview of their synthesis, structural diversity, and coordination chemistry principles. Focusing on their diverse functionalities, we explore their pivotal roles in catalysis, supramolecular chemistry, luminescent materials, and nanoscience.

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Article Synopsis
  • - The study describes a highly efficient three-component cycloaddition reaction involving special compounds that result in a specific type of regioisomer formation, showcasing selective outcomes based on the structures involved.
  • - The stereoselectivity and diastereoselectivity of the reaction depend significantly on the phenyl ring substitution in the reactants, leading to the production of different types of cycloadducts.
  • - Computational analyses, including transition state optimization and electron density evaluations, support the proposed reaction mechanism, revealing that the process occurs in a single asynchronous step with attractive forces between the reactants playing a critical role.
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Multimodality cardiovascular imaging is a cornerstone diagnostic tool in the diagnosis, risk stratification, and management of cardiovascular diseases, whether those involving the coronary tree, myocardial, or pericardial diseases in general and particularly in women. This manuscript aims to shed some light and summarize the very features of cardiovascular disease in women, explore their unique characteristics and discuss the role of cardiovascular imaging in ischemic heart disease and cardiomyopathies. The role of four imaging modalities will be discussed including nuclear medicine, echocardiography, noninvasive coronary angiography, and cardiac magnetic resonance.

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Imidazopyridazines are fused heterocycles, like purines, with a pyridazine ring replacing the pyrimidine ring in purines. Imidazopyridazines have been primarily studied for their kinase inhibition activity in the development of new anticancer and antimalarial agents. In addition to this, they have also been investigated for their anticonvulsant, antiallergic, antihistamine, antiviral, and antitubercular properties.

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Article Synopsis
  • - The study analyzes the photophysical properties of aurone compounds through various techniques such as UV and fluorescence spectroscopy in DMSO, revealing high fluorescence quantum yields (Φ = 0.001-0.729) compared to previous data.
  • - Density functional theory (DFT) calculations were utilized to explore the electronic structure and energy levels, providing a theoretical framework that correlates with experimental results.
  • - The findings enhance the understanding of aurone compounds' properties and suggest potential applications in technology due to their unique photophysical characteristics.
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Indole-tethered chromene derivatives were synthesised in a one-pot multicomponent reaction using -alkyl-1-indole-3-carbaldehydes, 5,5-dimethylcyclohexane-1,3-dione, and malononitrile, catalysed by DBU at 60-65 °C in a short reaction time. The benefits of the methodology include non-toxicity, an uncomplicated set-up procedure, a faster reaction time, and high yields. Moreover, the anticancer properties of the synthesised compounds were tested against selected cancer cell lines.

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Infections caused by bacteria are a significant issue on a global scale, and imperative action is required to discover novel or improved therapeutic agents. Flavonoids are a class of plant-derived compounds that have a variety of potentially useful bioactivities. These activities include immediate antimicrobial properties, synergistic effect with antimicrobials, ferocious repression of pathogenicity, anti-urease activity This review summarizes current studies concerning anti-urease actions of flavonoids as well as structural-activity correlation investigations of the flavonoid core structure.

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To find new potential tyrosinase inhibitors, a diverse range of 2-arylchromone-4-thione derivatives (-) were designed and synthesized by employing a multistep strategy, and the newly synthesized compounds, for the first time, were screened in vitro for their tyrosinase inhibitory activity. In this context, the newly synthesized compounds (-) were characterized using a combination of several spectroscopic techniques including Fourier transform infrared, UV-vis, H NMR, and C NMR spectroscopies and electron ionization-mass spectrometry. All the target compounds were potent against tyrosinase as compared to the standard inhibitor kojic acid (half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC) = 12.

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An efficient atom-economical synthetic protocol to access new imidazole-based -phenylbenzamide derivatives is described. A one-pot three-component reaction was utilized to provide a series of derivatives in a short reaction time (2-4 h) with an 80-85% yield. The cytotoxic evaluation revealed that derivatives 4e and 4f exhibited good activity, with IC values between 7.

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In the present work, twenty-four environmentally-sensitive cyanopyridine fluorophores bearing pyrene and/ or fluorene with different para-substituted-phenyl moieties that have been previously designed and synthesized by us are studied in depth for their photophysical properties. Initially, the optical performances of the compounds were investigated by employing UV-visible and fluorescence spectroscopic tools in various aprotic and protic solvents. All the compounds exhibited absorption bands between 310 and 452 nm, and emission bands between 454 and 633 nm.

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Background: Major psychiatric disorders such as major depression and schizophrenia interfere with patients' life activities and ability to function. These disorders correlate with a higher prevalence of medical and psychiatric comorbidities.

Objective: To compare the admission rate of patients with major psychiatric disorders between the intensive care unit and other departments in a tertiary care center.

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A series of dispiro[indoline-3,2'-pyrrolidine-3',3″-indolines] was synthesized via a multicomponent polar [3 + 2] cycloaddition (32CA) reaction of isatin derivatives, sarcosine and ()-3-(2-oxo-2-(pyren-1-yl)ethylidene)indolin-2-one derivatives. The regio- and stereochemistries of the cycloadducts were established on the basis of one-dimensional (1D) (H-, C-, C-CRAPT NMR) and two-dimensional (2D) homonuclear and heteronuclear correlation NMR spectrometry experiments (H-H gDQFCOSY, C-H-HSQCAD, C-H-HMBCAD, H-H-ROESYAD). The molecular mechanism and regio- and stereoselectivities of the cycloaddition (CA) reaction have been investigated utilizing a density functional theory (DFT) method and were thoroughly explained based on the transition-state stabilities and global/local electrophilicity/nucleophilicity reactivity indices of the reactants.

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Herein, the presented manuscript provides for an extensive spectrofluorimetric method for micro determination of silver ion. This established method based on the use of the three synthesized 2,6-disubstituted pyridine derivatives (R1, R2 and R3) through exploiting their high fluorescence emission property. A noticeable effect on the fluorescence emission of the reagents after chelation with Ag (I) was monitored.

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Background: Thiazoles, thiazolidinones and azetidinones are highly ranked amongst natural and synthetic heterocyclic derivatives due to their great pharmaceutical potential.

Results: New thiazolidinone and azetidinone class of bioactive agents based on 4-(2,7-dichloro-9-fluoren-4-yl)thiazole moiety have been successfully synthesized. 4-(2,7-dichloro-9-fluoren-4-yl)thiazol-2-amine was synthesized and allowed to react with various aryl/heteroaryl aldehydes to afford the corresponding Schiff base intermediates.

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A simplistic and highly effective protocol for the synthesis of a new class of poly-functionalized innovative nicotinonitriles incorporating pyrene and/or fluorene moieties has been developed through the domino four-component condensation reaction of 1-(pyren-1-yl)ethanone/1-(9-fluoren-2-yl)ethanone, numerous aromatic aldehydes, and 3-oxo-3-(pyren-1-yl)propanenitrile/3-(9-fluoren-2-yl)-3-oxopropanenitrile and ammonium acetate in acetic acid as a reaction medium. The advantages of this approach are the short reaction time, excellent yield, and the easy experimental workup that affords substrate diversity and operative competence under metal-free reaction conditions for the formation of C-C and C-N bonds. The substituent effects on the photophysical property-based absorption and the emission of the synthesized compounds in dichloromethane have been well-investigated.

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Background: Sulfonamide derivatives are of great attention due to their wide spectrum of biological activities. Sulfonamides conjugated with acetamide fragments exhibit antimicrobial and anticancer activities. The inhibition dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR) is considered as one of the most prominent mechanism though which sulfonamide derivatives exhibits antimicrobial and antitumor activities.

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In this study, a new series of 2,7-dichloro-4-(2-substituted-amino acetyl)fluorene derivatives were synthesized, characterized and evaluated for their antimicrobial activity and screened for cytotoxic activity against human lung carcinoma (A-549) and human breast carcinoma (MCF-7) cell lines. Most of the synthesized compounds displayed significant activity against A-549 and MCF-7 cell lines when compared to 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), which was used as a reference drug. In addition, some of these reported novel compounds exhibited promising antibacterial and antifungal properties.

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The regio- and stereochemical polar [3 + 2] cycloaddition of azomethine ylides, which were generated by the reaction of isatin and sarcosine or benzylamine, with ()-3-aryl-1-(pyren-1-yl)prop-2-en-1-ones as dipolarophiles, was studied using experimental and theoretical methods. The chemical structures and relative configurations of all products have been fully established by 1D and 2D homonuclear and heteronuclear correlation NMR spectrometry. The effects of the electronic and steric factors of the reactions were discussed.

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Background: Indolinone and spiro-indoline derivatives have been employed in the preparation of different important therapeutic compounds required for treatment of anticonvulsants, antibacterial, Antitubercular, and anticancer activities. Schiff bases have been found to possess various pharmacological activities such as antitubercular, plant growth inhibiting, insecticsidal, central nerve system depressant, antibacterial, anticancer, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial. Mannich bases have a variety of biological activities such as antibacterial and antifungal activities.

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Background: Thiazolidinone, has been employed in the preparation of different important drugs required for treatment of inflammations, bacterial infections, and hypertension. Mannich bases have been shown to exhibit diverse biological activities, such as antibacterial, and antifungal activities. Spiroheterocycles including thiazolidine moiety have antimicrobial activity.

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