Comparison of postoperative morphological changes and retinal displacement in diabetic and idiopathic epiretinal membranes.

Purpose: To compare the postoperative retinal displacement by optical coherence tomography (OCT) in idiopathic epiretinal membranes (iERM) and diabetic epiretinal membranes (dERM).

Methods: This retrospective study included 36 iERM and 22 dERM cases. In cross-sectional OCT images (B-scan) the presence of foveal pit, subfoveal fluid, cotton ball sign (CBS), intraretinal cystic changes (ICC), disorganization of retinal inner layers (DRILs) and ectopic inner foveal layer (EIFL) were recorded.

The Short-Term Effect of 1% Tropicamide Drop on Pupillary Diameter and Intraocular Pressure Change in Patients With Pseudoexfoliation Material.

Prcis: In this study, in patients with pseudoexfoliation syndrome (PXS) or glaucoma, changes in intraocular pressure (IOP) and pupil size after 1% tropicamide used for pupil dilation, compared with healthy patients were quantitatively demonstrated up to 4 hours after dilation.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate pharmacological dilatation with one drop of 1% tropicamide on pupillary diameter and IOP changes in patients with PXS and glaucoma (PXG).

Materials And Methods: Eighty-two patients with PXS, 78 Patients with PXG, and 35 healthy subjects were included in the study.

Evaluation of the lamina cribrosa in different stages of diabetic retinopathy.

Purpose: To evaluate the relationship of the peripapillary retina nerve fiber layer (RNFL) and lamina cribrosa (LC) with diabetic retinopathy (DR) in type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) cases.

Study Design: Prospective comparative study.

Methods: This study included 50 non-DR (Group 1), 55 non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy (NPDR) (Group 2), 28 DM cases with proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) (Group 3) and 45 healthy volunteers (Group 4).

Change in retinal vessel diameter and choroidal thickness in patients with severe COVID-19: Change In Retinal Parameters In Patients With Severe COVID-19.

Purpose: To compare the differences in retinal vascular structure and choroidal thickness between the active disease and post-recovery periods in COVID-19 patients and healthy controls.

Material And Methods: This prospective, cross-sectional study included 30 eyes from 30 patients with severe COVID-19 and 30 eyes of 30 sex-matched healthy controls. Central macular thickness (CMT), subfoveal choroidal thickness (CT) and retinal vascular changes of patients were measured after positive polymerase chain reaction (PCR) (where the patient had COVID-19-related symptoms) and then three months after two negative PCRs.

Instability of Tear Film after Novel Coronavirus Disease: A Noninvasive and No Contact Method by a Scheimpflug-Placido Disc Topographer.

Purpose: To compare the topographical tear film break-up time (T-BUT) between individuals recovering from COVID-19 and control subjects using a noninvasive and noncontact technique with a Scheimpflug-Placido disc topographer.

Methods: One-hundred and twenty-two eyes from 61 post-COVID-19 patients and 124 eyes from 62 control subjects were included in this prospective study. All participants underwent detailed ophthalmological examination including best-corrected visual acuity, intraocular pressure measurements, slit lamp examination, and fundoscopy as well as qualitative and quantitative evaluation of the noninvasive first tear film break-up time (NIF-BUT) and noninvasive average tear film break-up time (NIAvg-BUT) with T-BUT measured with a Sirius (CSO - Costruzione Strumenti Oftalmici S.

Severe COVID-19 and Retina: Are There Any Retinal Manifestations?

Purpose: To investigate whether there are retinal lesions associated with severe COVID-19.

Methods: We studied 232 symptomatic subjects aged 18 - 65 years who had severe COVID-19 and had received treatment. The evaluations included ophthalmological examinations, optical coherence tomography (OCT), imaging modalities with near infrared reflectance (NIR), fundus autofluorescence (FAF), and fundus photography (FP).

Systemic oxidative stress biomarkers in patients with vitreomacular traction syndrome.

Purpose: To evaluate whether the systemic oxidative stress biomarkers increased in patients with vitreomacular traction syndrome (VMT).

Methods: This study compared 25 patients diagnosed with VMT with 20 healthy controls. As a biomarker of systemic oxidative stress, malondialdehyde (MDA) was measured.

The Effect of an Eyelid Speculum on Intraocular Pressure Measurement in Newborns.

Purpose: To evaluate the effect of an eyelid speculum on intraocular pressure (IOP) measurements in newborns.

Methods: A total of 54 eyes of 27 newborns were involved in the study. The IOP measurements were obtained under topical anesthesia with the Icare PRO (Icare Finland Oy) before and after inserting the infant type of Barraquer wire eyelid speculum.

Evaluation of choroidal thickness in light-coloured eyes.

Objective: The aim of this study was to determine whether iris colour is related to the choroidal thickness of healthy individuals.

Methods: Healthy participants were divided into two groups. Group 1 had light-coloured eyes (blue and green), and group 2 had dark-coloured eyes (brown).

Assessment of Inflammation Biomarkers in Diabetic Macular Edema Treated with Intravitreal Dexamethasone Implant.

To evaluate inflammation biomarkers in diabetic macular edema (DME) treated with intravitreal dexamethasone implant (Ozurdex). This retrospective single-center study investigated 64 eyes of 64 patients with DME who were nonresponsive to prior antivascular endothelial growth factor and treated with intravitreal Ozurdex. The neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NLR), monocyte/lymphocyte ratio (MLR), and platelet/lymphocyte ratio were calculated.

Macular vessel density in patients recovered from COVID 19.

Purpose: The purpose is to evaluate macular vascular densities (VDs) using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) in patients effected by coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19).

Methods: The superficial (SF) and deep macular VD of 50 patients with SARS CoV2 pneumonia who had positive polymerase chain reaction (PCR) tests and who recovered after receiving treatment and 55 healthy age- and gender-matched controls were compared using OCTA. Blood inflammation parameters were also recorded.

Relationship of Obesity and Related Disorders with Ocular Parameters in Children and Adolescent.

Purpose: To evaluate the effect of obesity and obesity-related high blood pressure (BP) on the retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) and macula in children and adolescents.

Materials And Methods: Thirty-two obese patients followed up in the pediatrics endocrinology clinic between 2018 and 2019 were evaluated in the ophthalmology clinic. The results were compared with 25 healthy subjects, matched for age and sex.

The Impacts of Face Mask Use on Standard Automated Perimetry Results in Glaucoma Patients.

Purpose: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) spread rapidly worldwide, causing a severe outbreak. Because the disease is easily transmitted, face masks are a vital tool to slow the spread. The aim of this study is to investigate the impacts of face mask use on standard automated perimetry (SAP) results in glaucoma patients.

Determination of Neurodegeneration in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome with Retinal Segmentation Analysis.

: To compare the thickness of each retinal layer in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) versus healthy, age-matched controls by using retinal segmentation analysis.: In our cross-sectional study, 37 patients with PCOS (i.e.

Apelin-13: A Promising Biomarker for Age-Related Macular Degeneration?

Purpose: To investigate the value of serum apelin-13 levels in patients with age-related macular degeneration (AMD).

Methods: Patients with dry-type AMD, patients with treatment-naïve neovascular-type AMD, and healthy controls were included in this study. Diagnoses were confirmed on detailed fundus examination, optical coherence tomography (OCT), and fundus fluorescein angiography (FFA).

The effect of long-term hydroxychloroquine use on the corneal endothelium in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus.

Purpose: To evaluate the effect of long-term effects of hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) use on the corneal endothelium in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).

Methods: The study included 30 eyes of 15 patients who used HCQ for at least five years and were followed up in the rheumatology clinic for SLE and 29 eyes of 15 patients newly diagnosed with SLE who had not taken any medication. All patients underwent complete ophthalmologic examinations, central corneal thickness measurements, endothelial cell counts and endothelial morphological examinations by specular microscopy.

Peripapillary choroidal thickness in patients with vitamin D deficiency.

Aim: To investigate the effects of vitamin D deficiency on peripapillary choroidal thickness and retinal nerve fiber layer thickness.

Materials And Methods: Patients diagnosed with vitamin D deficiency but not yet treated for it (Group 1) and patients with normal vitamin D levels (Group 2) were included in this study. Subjects with any kind of eye disease and/or systemic disease were excluded from this study.

Abnormal retrobulbar blood flow variables in central serous chorioretinopathy.

Purpose: To evaluate if the retrobulbar blood flow variables were deteriorated in central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC) patients.

Methods: We included 25 CSC patients and 25 healthy subjects. We used color Doppler ultrasonography to assess the ophthalmic artery (OA), the central retinal artery (CRA), and the posterior ciliary arteries (PCA) for peak systolic velocity (PSV), end-diastolic velocity (EDV), and resistance index (RI).

HandyRef-K: Comparison of the Latest Handheld Auto Refracto-keratometer with Retinomax and Plusoptix in Patients Younger than Three Years of Age.

Objectives: The purpose of the study was to compare the refractive error measurements of pediatric patients performed with a Plusoptix A09 photorefractor (PO; Plusoptix AG, Nuremberg, Germany), a Retinomax K-plus 3 (RTX; Right Group, Tokyo, Japan), and the new handheld auto refracto-keratometer, the Nidek HandyRef-K (HDY; Nidek SA, Créteil, France), and to evaluate the intermethods agreement.

Methods: A total of 194 eyes of 194 children were included in the study. All of the children underwent refraction measurement with the PO before cycloplegia and 2 autorefractors were used after cycloplegia: the RTX and the HDY.

Early retinal and choroidal effect of photodynamic treatment in patients with polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy with or without anti-vascular endothelial growth factor: An optical coherence tomography angiography study.

Purpose: To evaluate the early retinal and choroidal effects of the anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) therapy combined with photodynamic therapy (PDT) for polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy (PCV).

Methods: Patients diagnosed as having PCV were included in the study. In group 1, intravitreal ranibizumab and PDT was applied to six eyes.

Evaluation of the effect of combined intravitreal ranibizumab injection and sub-tenon steroid injection in the treatment of resistant diabetic macular edema.

Purpose: To compare sub-tenon steroid plus anti-VEGF injection with anti-VEGF injection solely in the treatment of resistant diabetic macular edema (DME).

Method: Patients who exhibited insufficient anatomic [over 350 μm central macular thickness (CMT)] and less than 3 lines of visual gain at least six anti-VEGF injections, were randomly divided into two groups. In group I, the anti-VEGF injection was performed 10 days after the sub-tenon steroid injection [Triamcinolone acetonide (Sinakort-A)].

Assessment of focal laser photocoagulations' early effect on polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy with optical coherence tomography angiography.

Polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy (PCV) is seen with polypoidal lesions and branching vascular networks (BVNs) (Spaide et al. in Retina 15(2):100-110, 1995; Yannuzzi et al. in Retina 10(1):1-8, 1990).

Ocular Causes of Abnormal Head Position: Strabismus Clinic Data.

Objectives: To determine the most common ocular causes and types of abnormal head position (AHP) and describe their clinical features.

Materials And Methods: Patients with AHP who had been followed in the strabismus unit were retrospectively reviewed. Demographic features and orthoptic characteristics were recorded.