[Glomus tumor of subungual presentation in the thumb and use of ultrasound in its diagnosis. Case report and literature review].

Introduction: the glomus tumor is a benign neoplasm originated in the smooth muscle cells of the vascular glomus. Approximately 80% of lesions are located on the upper extremity and, of these, the majority are in the subungual area. The diagnosis must include imaging tests, among which ultrasound stands out, being a good alternative due to its low cost and accessibility.

[Reconstruction of painful neuroma of superficial branch of radial nerve after first dorsal compartment release: presentation of two cases].

Introduction: nerve lesions are potentially catastrophic injuries. They can cause motor loss, severe pain and neuroma formation. The superficial branch of the radial nerve is at risk during first dorsal compartment release, its injury can cause neuroma formation.

[Primary tumours and pseudotumors of the hand in adults. Epidemiological analysis of cases, management and evolution].

Introduction: Tumors in the hand are rare, and malignant tumors in the hand are peculiar; However, primary pseudotumoral lesions of the hand, such as ganglion, are very frequent. Most of the tumors found in the bone and soft tissue can be presented in the same way in the hand but their frequency and distribution is different. Despite the low incidence of benign and malignant tumors in the hand, these can be locally invasive or compromise the hand function.

and : Novel Cartilage Lineage Differentiation Markers of Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells with Kartogenin.

Objective: Human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) are a promising source for regenerative medicine, especially mesodermal lineages. Clinical applications require an understanding of the mechanisms for transcriptional control to maintain the desired cell type. The aim of this study was to identify novel markers for differentiation of hMSCs into bone or cartilage with the use of Kartogenin, by RNA analysis using microarray technology, and explore the role of RhoA-Rho associated protein kinase (ROCK) inhibition in these.

[Strength and function of hand before and after release of carpal tunnel in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus by open and endoscopic approach. Case-control study].

Background: Carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) is the upper extremity neuropathy more frequent. Treatments led to the entrapment of the median nerve in the carpal tunnel are more complicated and the results less promising and unsatisfactory in diabetic patients. The objective of this study is to compare the results of strength and hand function in healthy patients against patients with diabetes mellitus type 2 (DM2) with a diagnosis of CTS before and after the open and endoscopic release of the carpal tunnel.

[Intercarpal fusion as a salvage procedure in Kienböck disease].

Introduction: Functional results of four surgical techniques to resolve the IIIB-IV Litchman's stage of the Kienböck disease were analyzed. We observed the evolution from 2000 to 2015.

Material And Methods: Transversal retrospective study of 33 patients treated with different surgical techniques and evaluated with Quick-DASH scale, dynamometer and EVA.

[Ultrasound-guided continuous infraclavicular block for hand surgery: technical report arm position for perineural catheter placement].

Background: Continuous perineural infusion of local anesthetic provides better postoperative analgesia than intravenous administration of opioids or NSAIDs in upper limb surgery. The infraclavicular approach is a good option due to the muscular stability to catheter; the abduction of the arm apparently makes more superficial the brachial plexus and which elevates clavicle cephalad.

Aim: The aim of this study was to identify whether the abduction of the arm for to decreases the skin-plexus distance, facilitating it catheter insertion in a perineural way for a better analgesia.

[Design of an electronic leech].

This research presents the development of a continual suction electromechanical device (CSED) which emulates the feeding characteristics of a medicinal leech to drain body fluids. After the research, design and building of the device, its performance in normal conditions with fluids of different viscosity was evaluated. Finally, the device was submitted to a test of blood draining in three adult male rabbits NZW with a weight of three kilograms, obtaining drain.

[How much are hand injuries worth?].

Hand injuries are some of the most commonly treated injuries at trauma emergency services. Their treatment may be costly and even more so when inappropriate treatment results in complications. The amount paid for the treatment of this kind of injuries may increase dramatically if one considers the direct costs (medical care) and the indirect costs (compensation-loss of profits) resulting from the severity of damage and its sequelae.

[Semiconstrained bipolar implant arthroplasty of the distal radioulnar joint. Case report].

Introduction: The distal radioulnar joint is of paramount importance for the proper function of the upper extremity. There is a wide variety of procedures for the treatment of its advanced pathology but none of them is capable of providing a stable load-bearing joint.

Clinical Case: We present the case of a 54 year old man who was treated by a semiconstrained bipolar distal radioulnar joint arthroplasty (Aptis) who had a distal radioulnar impingement secondary to a distal ulnar resection (Darrach) previously performed to treat a fracture-dislocation of the distal radioulnar joint.

[Bacteriological study of oral cavity of people of Mexican origin to determine etiology agents of human infections in hand bite].

Introduction: Hand infections secondary to human bites often leave serious consequences on the functioning of the hand. Such infections are caused by different bacteria. Most bacteriological studies have been made to people of Anglo-Saxon origin or descent, and based on these findings; provide treatment to patients of different origins which may not always be as effective.

[Comparative study between the Fisk-Fernández and Matti-Russe techniques for the management of carpal scaphoid pseudoarthrosis].

Objective: To assess the treatments for carpal scaphoid pseudoarthrosis with the Matti-Russe and Fisk-Fernández techniques taking as a reference the most widely used technique, i.e., fixation with Kirschner wire with a corticocancellous bone graft.

[Cost-benefit of various treatments for patients with distal radius fracture].

Unlabelled: Fractures of the distal third of the radius seriously impair quality of life and have high economic and social costs, and families face the high costs of care in our country. There are only a few studies evaluating the direct medical and non-medical costs resulting from distal radius fractures, from the patient perspective.

Objective: Determine the treatment-related costs and their relation with the benefits provided by the treatment.

[Wrist arthroscopy for fractures of the distal end of the radius].

Introduction: Fractures of the distal end of the radius are very frequent in the orthopedist's practice. The anatomical reduction of the articular surface and the extra-articular alignment of the radius are extremely important to minimize complications. The purpose of the study is to make an arthroscopic diagnosis of the lesions associated to the distal radius and assist in the reduction of the distal radius fracture.

[Description of a novel arthroscopic surgical technique for radio-ulnar instability in a cadaveric model].

Introduction: The distal radioulnar joint is subjected to two resultant loads. Axial load caused by grip and the transversal load due to the possibility of lifting weight against gravity. Therefore, instability of this joint leaves as a consequence a great functional incapacity.

[Results of anchor fixation in ligament and tendon injuries of hand and wrist].

Surgical repair of hand and wrist tendons and ligaments usually require stability and secure fixation to bone. The stability obtained by anchors have been proved to be effective, safe, easy to use and with less difficulties compared to traditional systems. We retrospectively reviewed 19 patients treated with this system in our service between June, 2002 and September, 2004.

[Arthroscopy of the trapeziometacarpal joint: anatomical study on cadavers].

Introduction: Osteoarthritis of the trapeziometacarpal joint is one of the most common degenerative diseases of the hand for which a variety of surgical procedures have been developed. Arthroscopic techniques offer good results, although they have not been standardized.

Objective: To identify the main anatomical structures in relation to arthroscopy portals from the trapeziometacarpal joint and to determine their security area.

[Dynamic suspension arthroplasty in trapeziometacarpal joint osteoarthritis. A case series].

Unlabelled: Osteoarthritis describes the degeneration of articular cartilage. Trapeziometacarpal joint is the second most commonly affected place in the hand.

Objective: To evaluate the clinical-functional results and the degree of personal satisfaction after dynamic suspension arthroplasty in patients diagnosed with severe osteoarthritis of the trapeziometacarpal joint.

[Analysis of histological changes of tendinous grafts in reconstruction of the dorsal wrist ligament].

The reconstruction of the dorsal aspect of the triangular fibrocartilage complex in the distal radioulnar joint with an autologous ligament graft has been an optimal treatment for instability of this joint. Tendinous grafts for ligament reconstruction have been studied in ACL reconstruction finding a metaplasia of the tendinous tissue into ligament like tissue. These studies have been performed in humans without making an important lesion to the reconstructed ligament.