Atrial arrhythmia predicts late events and mortality in patients with D-transposition of the great arteries and atrial switch repair.

Aims: Patients with D-transposition of the great arteries (D-TGA) and atrial switch experience late morbidity and mortality related to atrial arrhythmias and systemic right ventricular (SRV) failure. We sought to analyze the influence of atrial arrhythmias on long-term outcomes in this group.

Methods: A retrospective review of all patients with D-TGA and atrial switch followed at a tertiary care center was performed.

Experimental Gas-Phase Removal of OH Radicals in the Presence of NHC(O)H over the 11.7-353 K Range: Implications in the Chemistry of the Interstellar Medium and the Earth's Atmosphere.

Formamide (NHC(O)H) has been observed both in the interstellar medium (ISM), being identified as a potential precursor of prebiotic molecules in space, and in the Earth's atmosphere. In these environments where temperature is very distinct, hydroxyl (OH) radicals may play an important role in the degradation of NHC(O)H. Thus, in this work, we report for the first time the experimental study of the temperature dependence of the gas-phase removal of OH in the presence of NHC(O)H over the 11.

Synthesis of Hybrid Molecules with Imidazole-1,3,4-thiadiazole Core and Evaluation of Biological Activity on and .

The aim of this work was to obtain and evaluate, as antiprotozoals, new derivatives of benzoate imidazo-1,3,4-thiadiazole - based on the concepts of molecular repositioning and hybridization. In the design of these compounds, two important pharmacophoric subunits of the fexnidazole prototype were used: metronidazole was used as a repositioning molecule, p-aminobenzoic acid was incorporated as a bridge group, and 1,3,4-thiadiazole group was incorporated as a second pharmacophore, which at position 5 has an aromatic group with different substituents incorporated. The final six compounds were obtained through a five-step linear route with moderate to good yields.

Extended reality training for mass casualty incidents: a systematic review on effectiveness and experience of medical first responders.

Introduction: Mass casualty incidents (MCI) are unforeseeable and complex events that occur worldwide, therefore enhancing the training that medical first responders (MFRs) receive is fundamental to strengthening disaster preparedness and response. In recent years, extended reality (XR) technology has been introduced as a new approach and promising teaching technique for disaster medicine education.

Objective: To assess the effectiveness of XR simulation as a tool to train MFRs in MCIs, and to explore the perception and experience of participants to these new forms of training.

Long-Term Progression of a Residual Cerebral Amyloidoma: An Illustrative Case and Systematic Review.

Objective: Cerebral amyloidomas (CA) are exceptionally rare tumor-like lesions composed of cerebral amyloid-beta, which is derived from the cleavage of the amyloid precursor protein.

Methods: We presented a case of recurrent CA and performed a systematic review, comparing their initial presentation, imaging features, neurosurgical treatment, and natural history of the disease.

Illustrative Case: A 65-year-old male with a history of right homonymous hemianopsia, who underwent subtotal resection of a CA 19 years before, presents to the emergency department with right hemiparesis, dysarthria, and a new onset of clonic seizures.

Atmospheric chemistry of CFCHFCFOCH (HFE-356mec3) and CHFCHFOCF (HFE-236ea1) initiated by OH and Cl and their contribution to global warming.

The kinetic study of the gas-phase reactions of hydroxyl (OH) radicals and chlorine (Cl) atoms with CFCHFCFOCH (HFE-356mec3) and CHFCHFOCF (HFE-236ea1) was performed by the pulsed laser photolysis/laser-induced fluorescence technique and a relative method by using Fourier Transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy as detection technique. The temperature dependences of the OH-rate coefficients (k(T) in cms) between 263 and 353 K are well described by the following expressions: 9.93 × 10exp{-(988 ± 35)/T}for HFE-356mec3 and 4.

A Survey on Error Exponents in Distributed Hypothesis Testing: Connections with Information Theory, Interpretations, and Applications.

A central challenge in hypothesis testing (HT) lies in determining the optimal balance between Type I (false positive) and Type II (non-detection or false negative) error probabilities. Analyzing these errors' exponential rate of convergence, known as error exponents, provides crucial insights into system performance. Error exponents offer a lens through which we can understand how operational restrictions, such as resource constraints and impairments in communications, affect the accuracy of distributed inference in networked systems.

The potential of miRNA-based approaches in glioblastoma: An update in current advances and future perspectives.

Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common malignant central nervous system tumor. The emerging field of epigenetics stands out as particularly promising. Notably, the discovery of micro RNAs (miRNAs) has paved the way for advancements in diagnosing, treating, and prognosticating patients with brain tumors.

NCCN Guidelines® Insights: Melanoma: Cutaneous, Version 2.2024.

The NCCN Guidelines for Cutaneous Melanoma (termed Melanoma: Cutaneous) provide multidisciplinary recommendations for diagnostic workup, staging, and treatment of patients. These NCCN Guidelines Insights focus on the update to neoadjuvant systemic therapy options and summarize the new clinical data evaluated by the NCCN panel for the recommended therapies in Version 2.2024 of the NCCN Guidelines for Cutaneous Melanoma.

Inclusive Approaches for Measuring Demographics of Underrepresented Populations in STEM and Biomedical Research Training Programs.

As federal strategic plans prioritize increasing diversity within the biomedical workforce, and STEM training and outreach programs seek to recruit and retain students from historically underrepresented populations, there is a need for interrogation of traditional demographic descriptors and careful consideration of best practices for obtaining demographic data. To accelerate this work, equity-focused researchers and leaders from STEM programs convened to examine approaches for measuring demographic variables. Gender, race/ethnicity, disability, and disadvantaged background were prioritized given their focus by federal funding agencies.

Use of Self-Efficacy Scale in Mass Casualty Incidents During Drill Exercises.

Introduction: Medical First Responders (MFRs) in the emergency department SUMMA 112 are tasked with handling the initial management of Mass Casualty Incidents (MCI) and building response capabilities. Training plays a crucial role in preparing these responders for effective disaster management. Yet, evaluating the impact of such training poses challenges since true competency can only be proven amid a major event.

Invasive hemodynamic characteristics in patients with mitral annular calcification related mitral stenosis and chest radiation.

Quantification of invasive hemodynamics and mitral annular calcification-related mitral stenosis remains underexplored in patients exposed to chest radiation. We sought to explore invasive hemodynamic parameters via transseptal catheterization in patients with and without chest radiation who had a diagnosis of mitral annular calcification-related mitral stenosis. After excluding patients with more than moderate mitral regurgitation, we found that there was no difference in mitral valve area on hemodynamic testing in patients with and without radiation with an elevated baseline transmitral gradient on transthoracic echocardiography in the setting of mitral annular calcification-related mitral stenosis.

Top-predator recovery abates geomorphic decline of a coastal ecosystem.

The recovery of top predators is thought to have cascading effects on vegetated ecosystems and their geomorphology, but the evidence for this remains correlational and intensely debated. Here we combine observational and experimental data to reveal that recolonization of sea otters in a US estuary generates a trophic cascade that facilitates coastal wetland plant biomass and suppresses the erosion of marsh edges-a process that otherwise leads to the severe loss of habitats and ecosystem services. Monitoring of the Elkhorn Slough estuary over several decades suggested top-down control in the system, because the erosion of salt marsh edges has generally slowed with increasing sea otter abundance, despite the consistently increasing physical stress in the system (that is, nutrient loading, sea-level rise and tidal scour).

NCCN Guidelines® Insights: Merkel Cell Carcinoma, Version 1.2024.

The NCCN Guidelines for Merkel Cell Carcinoma (MCC) provide recommendations for diagnostic workup, clinical stage, and treatment options for patients. The panel meets annually to discuss updates to the guidelines based on comments from expert review from panel members, institutional review, as well as submissions from within NCCN and external organizations. These NCCN Guidelines Insights focus on the introduction of a new page for locally advanced disease in the setting of clinical node negative status, entitled "Clinical N0 Disease, Locally Advanced MCC.

NCCN Guidelines® Insights: Cervical Cancer, Version 1.2024.

The NCCN Guidelines for Cervical Cancer provide recommendations for all aspects of management for cervical cancer, including the diagnostic workup, staging, pathology, and treatment. The guidelines also include details on histopathologic classification of cervical cancer regarding diagnostic features, molecular profiles, and clinical outcomes. The treatment landscape of advanced cervical cancer is evolving constantly.

Basal Cell Skin Cancer, Version 2.2024, NCCN Clinical Practice Guidelines in Oncology.

Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is the most common form of skin cancer in the United States. Due to the high frequency, BCC occurrences are not typically recorded, and annual rates of incidence can only be estimated. Current estimated rates are 2 million Americans affected annually, and this continues to rise.

Early detection of autism using digital behavioral phenotyping.

Early detection of autism, a neurodevelopmental condition associated with challenges in social communication, ensures timely access to intervention. Autism screening questionnaires have been shown to have lower accuracy when used in real-world settings, such as primary care, as compared to research studies, particularly for children of color and girls. Here we report findings from a multiclinic, prospective study assessing the accuracy of an autism screening digital application (app) administered during a pediatric well-child visit to 475 (17-36 months old) children (269 boys and 206 girls), of which 49 were diagnosed with autism and 98 were diagnosed with developmental delay without autism.

Point-of-care ultrasound in geriatrics: a national survey of VA medical centers.

Background: Point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS) can aid geriatricians in caring for complex, older patients. Currently, there is limited literature on POCUS use by geriatricians. We conducted a national survey to assess current POCUS use, training desired, and barriers among Geriatrics and Extended Care ("geriatric") clinics at Veterans Affairs Medical Centers (VAMCs).

Single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) diagnostic accuracy in active unilateral condylar hyperplasia: Retrospective study.

The aim of this study was to assess the diagnostic accuracy of single photon emission tomography (SPECT) in unilateral condylar hyperplasia (UCH). To this end, 3D morphometric changes of the mandibles in one year were assessed (T0 vs. T1) and compared over SPECT results in T1, in a sample of 40 patients.

Wildfire immediately reduces nest and adult survival of greater sage-grouse.

Wildfire events are becoming more frequent and severe on a global scale. Rising temperatures, prolonged drought, and the presence of pyrophytic invasive grasses are contributing to the degradation of native vegetation communities. Within the Great Basin region of the western U.

Occurrence dynamics of mammals in protected tropical forests respond to human presence and activities.

Protected areas (PAs) play a vital role in wildlife conservation. Nonetheless there is concern and uncertainty regarding how and at what spatial scales anthropogenic stressors influence the occurrence dynamics of wildlife populations inside PAs. Here we assessed how anthropogenic stressors influence occurrence dynamics of 159 mammal species in 16 tropical PAs from three biogeographic regions.