Monitoring Anesthetic Depth Using the Patient State Index in Electroconvulsive Therapy Improves Seizure Quality.

Objectives: The determination of anesthetic depth has been used to assess the optimal moment for applying electrical stimuli in electroconvulsive therapy (ECT), as some of the anesthetics used can reduce its effectiveness. In this study, seizure quality was assessed using anesthetic depth measurement with the patient state index (PSI).

Methods: A prospective experimental study was conducted with a control group, including a sample of 346 stimulations (PSI=134; Control=212) in 51 patients admitted and diagnosed with major depressive disorders.

[Pharmacological treatment in early rehabilitation after ischemic stroke].

There is a wealth of information on early pharmacological supportive treatment for early rehabilitation following acute ischemic stroke. This review aims to provide healthcare professionals involved in rehabilitating patients with a summary of the available evidence to assist with decision-making in their daily clinical practice. A search for randomized clinical trials and observational studies published between 1/1/2000 and 28/8/2022 was performed using PubMed, Cochrane and Epistemonikos as search engines with language restriction to english and spanish.

Cerebral venous thrombosis in Argentina: clinical presentation, predisposing factors, outcomes and literature review.

Background: Cerebral venous thrombosis (CVT) is a rare medical condition that primarily affects young adults. The clinical spectrum is broad and its recognition remains a challenge for clinicians. Limited information is available on CVT in Argentina.

Traffic-Related Air Pollution, ε4 Status, and Neurodevelopmental Outcomes among School Children Enrolled in the BREATHE Project (Catalonia, Spain).

Background: Traffic-related air pollution is emerging as a risk factor for Alzheimer's disease (AD) and impaired brain development. Individual differences in vulnerability to air pollution may involve the ε4 allele of () gene, the primary genetic risk factor for AD.

Objective: We analyzed whether the association between traffic air pollution and neurodevelopmental outcomes is modified by ε4 status in children.

The Association between Lifelong Greenspace Exposure and 3-Dimensional Brain Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Barcelona Schoolchildren.

Background: Proponents of the biophilia hypothesis believe that contact with nature, including green spaces, has a crucial role in brain development in children. Currently, however, we are not aware of evidence linking such exposure with potential effects on brain structure.

Objective: We determined whether lifelong exposure to residential surrounding greenness is associated with regional differences in brain volume based on 3-dimensional magnetic resonance imaging (3D MRI) among children attending primary school.

Impact of commuting exposure to traffic-related air pollution on cognitive development in children walking to school.

A few studies have found associations between the exposure to traffic-related air pollution at school and/or home and cognitive development. The impact on cognitive development of the exposure to air pollutants during commuting has not been explored. We aimed to assess the role of the exposure to traffic-related air pollutants during walking commute to school on cognitive development of children.

Longitudinal association between air pollution exposure at school and cognitive development in school children over a period of 3.5 years.

Introduction: Recently, we showed that exposure to traffic-related air pollutants (TRAPs) at school was negatively associated with cognitive development, specifically working memory and inattentiveness, in primary schoolchildren during a course of 12 months. The persistence of such associations over longer periods remains as an open question.

Objective: To study the longitudinal association between TRAPs at school and cognitive development over a period of 3.

A Longitudinal Study on Attention Development in Primary School Children with and without Teacher-Reported Symptoms of ADHD.

Prospective longitudinal studies are essential in characterizing cognitive trajectories, yet few of them have been reported on the development of attention processes in children. We aimed to explore attention development in normal children and children with attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms in a repeated measures design using the attention network test (ANT). The population sample included 2,835 children (49.

Green spaces and spectacles use in schoolchildren in Barcelona.

Myopia is one of the major causes of low visual acuity during childhood, and hence of the need for spectacles. It is generally more prevalent in urban areas where children are often less exposed to green spaces than in rural areas. This study evaluated the association between exposure to green space and use of spectacles (as a surrogate measure for myopia) in a cohort of 2727 schoolchildren (7-10 years old) recruited from 39 primary schools in Barcelona (2012-2015).

Developmental Trajectories in Primary Schoolchildren Using n-Back Task.

Background: Neuropsychological instruments to assess cognitive trajectories during childhood in epidemiological studies are needed. This would improve neurodevelopment characterization in order to identify its potential determinants. We aimed to study whether repeated measures of n-back, a working memory task, detect developmental trajectories in schoolchildren during a 1-year follow-up.

Physical Activity and Cognitive Trajectories in Schoolchildren.

Purpose: The evidence regarding the role of physical activity (PA) habits on cognitive development in children is still scarce. Our study aimed to assess the association between PA habits and cognitive growth patterns, including working memory (WM) and inattentiveness in a large sample of primary schoolchildren.

Method: This study included 2,897 children between 7 and 10 years old.

Neurodevelopmental Deceleration by Urban Fine Particles from Different Emission Sources: A Longitudinal Observational Study.

Background: A few studies have reported associations between traffic-related air pollution exposure at schools and cognitive development. The role of PM components or sources other than traffic on cognitive development has been little explored.

Objectives: We aimed to explore the role of PM sources in school air on cognitive development.

Maternal Consumption of Seafood in Pregnancy and Child Neuropsychological Development: A Longitudinal Study Based on a Population With High Consumption Levels.

Seafood consumption during pregnancy is thought to be beneficial for child neuropsychological development, but to our knowledge no large cohort studies with high fatty fish consumption have analyzed the association by seafood subtype. We evaluated 1,892 and 1,589 mother-child pairs at the ages of 14 months and 5 years, respectively, in a population-based Spanish birth cohort established during 2004-2008. Bayley and McCarthy scales and the Childhood Asperger Syndrome Test were used to assess neuropsychological development.

Present and future of cervical cancer prevention in Spain: a cost-effectiveness analysis.

Human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination within a nonorganized setting creates a poor cost-effectiveness scenario. However, framed within an organized screening including primary HPV DNA testing with lengthening intervals may provide the best health value for invested money. To compare the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of different cervical cancer (CC) prevention strategies, including current status and new proposed screening practices, to inform health decision-makers in Spain, a Markov model was developed to simulate the natural history of HPV and CC.

Traffic-Related Air Pollution, Noise at School, and Behavioral Problems in Barcelona Schoolchildren: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Background: The available evidence of the effects of air pollution and noise on behavioral development is limited, and it overlooks exposure at schools, where children spend a considerable amount of time.

Objective: We aimed to investigate the associations of exposure to traffic-related air pollutants (TRAPs) and noise at school on behavioral development of schoolchildren.

Methods: We evaluated children 7-11 years of age in Barcelona (Catalonia, Spain) during 2012-2013 within the BREATHE project.

Green spaces and cognitive development in primary schoolchildren.

Exposure to green space has been associated with better physical and mental health. Although this exposure could also influence cognitive development in children, available epidemiological evidence on such an impact is scarce. This study aimed to assess the association between exposure to green space and measures of cognitive development in primary schoolchildren.

Association between traffic-related air pollution in schools and cognitive development in primary school children: a prospective cohort study.

Background: Air pollution is a suspected developmental neurotoxicant. Many schools are located in close proximity to busy roads, and traffic air pollution peaks when children are at school. We aimed to assess whether exposure of children in primary school to traffic-related air pollutants is associated with impaired cognitive development.

Do elderly patients call 911 when presented with clinical scenarios suggestive of acute stroke? A cross-sectional study.

Background And Purpose: Among patients with acute stroke symptoms, delay in hospital admission is the main obstacle for the use of thrombolytic therapy and other interventions associated with decreased mortality and disability. The primary aim of this study was to assess whether an elderly clinical population correctly endorsed the response to call for emergency services when presented with signs and symptoms of stroke using a standardized questionnaire.

Methods: We performed a cross-sectional study among elderly out-patients (≥60 years) in Buenos Aires, Argentina randomly recruited from a government funded health clinic.

The n-back test and the attentional network task as measures of child neuropsychological development in epidemiological studies.

Computerized neuropsychological tests offered several advantages for large epidemiological studies to assess child neuropsychological development. We aimed to evaluate the psychometric properties and criterion validity of 2 computerized tests (n-back and attentional network task [ANT]) used to assess the working memory and attention function, respectively. As part of the BREATHE (BRain dEvelopment and Air polluTion ultrafine particles in scHool childrEn) project, we evaluated the neuropsychological development of 2,904 children between 7 to 9 years of age.

A common 16p11.2 inversion underlies the joint susceptibility to asthma and obesity.

The prevalence of asthma and obesity is increasing worldwide, and obesity is a well-documented risk factor for asthma. The mechanisms underlying this association and parallel time trends remain largely unknown but genetic factors may be involved. Here, we report on a common ~0.

A flexible count data model to fit the wide diversity of expression profiles arising from extensively replicated RNA-seq experiments.

Background: High-throughput RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) offers unprecedented power to capture the real dynamics of gene expression. Experimental designs with extensive biological replication present a unique opportunity to exploit this feature and distinguish expression profiles with higher resolution. RNA-seq data analysis methods so far have been mostly applied to data sets with few replicates and their default settings try to provide the best performance under this constraint.

Quality of ischemic stroke care in emerging countries: the Argentinian National Stroke Registry (ReNACer).

Background And Purpose: Limited information is available on stroke management in developing countries. An accurate monitoring of quality of stroke care will become crucial, particularly with the emerging paradigm of pay-for-performance. Our aim was to explore the feasibility of measuring standardized indicators of quality of ischemic stroke care in acute care facilities in Argentina.

Evaluation of heavy metal lability in polluted soils by a cation exchange batch procedure.

A new extraction procedure with cationic exchange resins is proposed for the assessment of heavy metal lability in polluted soils. This method classifies soluble metal compounds in three levels according to their lability: very labile, moderately labile and non-labile. The concept of lability is based on the use of resins with different ability to interact with metals.