The effect of questioning gender stereotype threat on girl's standing long jump performance.

Background: Over the past few years, the sport psychology literature has established that gender stereotype threat (ST) is one of the factors that can impair girls' performance. However, few studies have attempted to annihilate these negative effects. The purpose of the current study was to investigate whether questioning gender ST can mitigate the classical decline in girls' standing long jump (SLJ) performance.

Cognitive dual-task does not annihilate the negative effects of gender stereotype threat on girls' motor learning.

Stereotype threat, a key concept in social psychology, occurs when individuals fear they may confirm negative stereotypes about their social group (Steele, 1997). This phenomenon can significantly impair motor learning, particularly in children. Given the robust nature of stereotype threat, research it is now focused on mitigating these negative effects.

A registered report with a single blind procedure to examine the effect of attentional focus and imagery dominance on dart throwing.

External focus of attention (EFOA) has been shown to improve motor performance relative to internal focus of attention (IFOA). Recently, studies have shown that this attentional focus effect may depend upon an individual difference (i.e.

Standing Long Jump Performance Is Enhanced When Using an External as Well as Holistic Focus of Attention: A Kinematic Study.

Standing long jump is known as one of the important skills in the success of athletes in most sports. In addition, one of the most effective factors that can affect standing long jump distance and kinematics is the focus of attention used by the athlete. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to compare the effect of internal, external, and holistic focus of attention instructions on standing long jump performance and kinematics.

The effect of internal, external, and holistic focus of attention on standing long jump performance in novice and skilled karatekas.

An important application for training instructions is found in directing one's attentional focus. This direction can occur in different internal, external, or holistic forms. However, comparison between these three forms of instructions is a relatively recent development rarely reported at different skill levels or various sports including karate.

The effect of a visual illusion and self-controlled practice on motor learning in children at risk for developmental coordination disorder.

Numerous efforts have been made to test the OPTIMAL theory of motor learning in healthy children and adult populations. However, only a small number of studies have tested this theory in children with cognitive-motor disorders, such as developmental coordination disorder (DCD). The present study aims to examine the individual and additive effects of a visual illusion and self-controlled practice on a golf putting task in children at risk for DCD based on the OPTIMAL theory.

The Effect of Brain Anodal and Cathodal Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation on Psychological Refractory Period at Different Stimulus-Onset Asynchrony in Non-Fatigue and Mental Fatigue Conditions.

The psychological refractory period (PRP) effect occurs when two stimuli that require separate responses are presented sequentially, particularly with a short and variable time interval between them. Fatigue is a suboptimal psycho-physiological state that leads to changes in strategies. In recent years, numerous studies have investigated the effects of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) on motor control.

Effects of self-controlled practice and focus of attention on free throw accuracy: Exploring optimal theory among skilled basketball players.

Based on the OPTIMAL theory of motor learning (Wulf & Lewthwaite, 2016), optimal motor performance and learning will occur through the influence of the two motivational factors of enhanced expectancies and autonomy support (self-controlled practice) as well as the attentional factor of the external focus of attention. Recently, some researchers tested this theory on different motor tasks using novices. However, it seems that this theory has not been tested in skilled athletes.

Gender stereotypes and motor performance: How explicit and implicit stereotypes influence girls standing long jump and anxiety.

Objectives: Inducing a negative stereotype toward women usually leads to a decrease in women's motor performance. Given that most studies have focused on explicit stereotype induction among adults, the main aim of this study was to investigate the effects of explicit and implicit gender stereotypes on standing long jump performance in children. The second aim was to investigate the effects of these same manipulations on children's state anxiety.

Neurofeedback training and motor learning: the enhanced sensorimotor rhythm protocol is better or the suppressed alpha or the suppressed mu?

A large number of previous studies have examined how different neurofeedback-based techniques may influence motor learning. However, only a few studies attempted to compare the effects of these different techniques on motor learning. Therefore, the present study attempts to examine the effects of neurofeedback training on motor learning in novice golfers, using three protocols, namely enhanced sensorimotor rhythm (SMR) at Cz, suppressed alpha waves at Fz, and suppressed mu waves at Cz.

Brain gym exercises improve Eye-Hand coordination in elderly males.

Background And Purpose: Understanding the issues of the elderly or providing opportunities for a more fruitful ageing are some of the challenges that the officials and researchers in the area grapple with. The current study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of a series of brain gym exercises on elderly males' eye-hand coordination.

Material And Methods: Thirty old males (60-80 years old) were selected using the convenience sampling technique and were divided equally into an experimental and a control group.

The impact of COVID-19 pandemic restrictions on physical activity and mental health status of Iranian people.

Background: Coronavirus-19 (COVID-19) is a highly contagious disease caused by acute respiratory syndrome that can negatively impact physical activity as well as mental health of people in the world. Since Iran is one of the countries deeply affected by the COVID-19 pandemic, therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic restrictions on physical activity behaviours, as well as on mental health indicators among Iranian people.

Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 335 participants were included (155 males, mean age = 30.

An Examination of the Contextual Interference Effect and the Errorless Learning Model during Motor Learning.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the combined effects of random and block practice, with errorless and errorful conditions, on motor learning. One hundred-twenty participants (all male, Mage = 21.19 ± 1.

A Systematic Review on Detraining Effects after Balance and Fall Prevention Interventions.

Since the COVID-19 pandemic hit, lockdowns have been implemented to fight off infections in countries around the world. Whilst this measure is without a doubt effective against spreading infection, it might also decrease participation in exercise. For older adults, exercise is particularly important in the prevention of falls, and sudden detraining because of a lockdown or due to other causes might have detrimental consequences.