Use of Freestyle Libre 2.0 in children with type 1 diabetes mellitus and elevated HbA: Extension phase results after a 12-week randomized controlled trial.

Aim: To investigate extension phase outcomes with intermittently scanned continuous glucose monitoring (isCGM 2.0) in children with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) and elevated HbA (7.5-12.

Automated Insulin Delivery for Young People with Type 1 Diabetes and Elevated A1c.

Background: Automated insulin delivery is the treatment of choice in adults with type 1 diabetes. Data are needed on the efficacy and safety of automated insulin delivery for children and youth with diabetes and elevated glycated hemoglobin levels.

Methods: In this multicenter, open-label randomized controlled trial, we assigned patients with type 1 diabetes in a 1:1 ratio either to use an automated insulin delivery system (MiniMed 780G) or to receive usual diabetes care of multiple daily injections or non--automated pump therapy (control).

Emergent inequity of glycaemic metrics for Māori children with type 1 diabetes is negated by early use of continuous glucose monitoring.

Aim: We investigated if continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) in children with type 1 diabetes (T1D) within 12 months of being diagnosed modifies the development of glycaemic outcome inequity on the basis of either ethnicity or socio-economic status (SES).

Method: De-identified clinical and SES data from the KIWIDIAB data network were collected 12 months after diagnosis in children under 15 years diagnosed with T1D between 1 October 2020 and 1 October 2021.

Results: There were 206 children with new onset T1D: CGM use was 56.

Protocol for a prospective, multicenter, parallel-group, open-label randomized controlled trial comparing standard care with Closed lOoP In chiLdren and yOuth with Type 1 diabetes and high-risk glycemic control: the CO-PILOT trial.

Purpose: Advanced hybrid closed loop (AHCL) systems have the potential to improve glycemia and reduce burden for people with type 1 diabetes (T1D). Children and youth, who are at particular risk for out-of-target glycemia, may have the most to gain from AHCL. However, no randomized controlled trial (RCT) specifically targeting this age group with very high HbA has previously been attempted.

Effects of 12-Week Freestyle Libre 2.0 in Children with Type 1 Diabetes and Elevated HbA1c: A Multicenter Randomized Controlled Trial.

To investigate whether intermittently scanned continuous glucose monitoring (isCGM) reduced glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) compared with capillary self-monitored capillary blood glucose (SMBG) in children with type 1 diabetes (T1D) and elevated glycemic control. This multicenter 12-week 1:1 randomized, controlled, parallel-arm trial included 100 participants with established T1D aged 4-13 years (mean 10.9 ± 2.

Prevalence and incidence of type 1 diabetes in children aged 0-14 years old in New Zealand in 2021.

Aim: National prevalence and incidence data are important for understanding population trends and allocating health-care resources. We aimed to provide a current national snapshot of prevalence and annual incidence rates for children aged 0-14 with type 1 diabetes (T1D) in Aotearoa New Zealand and to identify differences associated with demographic variables.

Methods: Paediatric diabetes centres across Aotearoa were invited to record anonymised demographic and diabetes data on children under their services between 1 October 2020 and 30 September 2021.

Inequity in access to continuous glucose monitoring and health outcomes in paediatric diabetes, a case for national continuous glucose monitoring funding: A cross-sectional population study of children with type 1 diabetes in New Zealand.

Background: Continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) improves glycaemia for people affected by type 1 diabetes (T1D), but is not funded in Aotearoa/New Zealand. This study explores the impact of non-funded CGM on equity of access and associated glycaemic outcomes.

Methods: Cross-sectional population-based study collected socio-demographic (age, gender, prioritised ethnicity, socioeconomic status) and clinical data from all regional diabetes centres in New Zealand with children <15 years with T1D as of 1st October 2021.

The OPTIMISE study protocol: a multicentre optimisation trial comparing continuous glucose monitoring, snacking habits, sleep extension and values-guided self-care interventions to improve glucose time-in-range in young people (13-20 years) with type 1 diabetes.

Purpose: The OPTIMISE study uses a Multiphase Optimisation Strategy (MOST) to identify the best combination of four interventions targeting key diabetes self-care behaviours for use in clinical practice to improve short-term glycaemic outcomes.

Methods: This 4-week intervention trial will recruit 80 young people (aged 13-20 years) with type 1 diabetes ≥ 6 months duration), and pre-enrolment HbA1c ≥ 58 mmol/mol (7.5%) in the prior 6 months.

The effect of do-it-yourself real-time continuous glucose monitoring on psychological and glycemic variables in children with type 1 diabetes: A randomized crossover trial.

Background: Continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) decreases fear of hypoglycemia (FOH) and improves glycemic control among those affected by type 1 diabetes (T1D). No studies to date have examined the impact of using do-it-yourself real-time continuous glucose monitoring (DIY RT-CGM) on psychological and glycemic outcomes.

Methods: Child-parent dyads were recruited for a multicentre randomized crossover trial.

A comparison of FreeStyle Libre 2 to self-monitoring of blood glucose in children with type 1 diabetes and sub-optimal glycaemic control: a 12-week randomised controlled trial protocol.

Purpose: Frequent glucose monitoring is necessary for optimal glycaemic control. Second-generation intermittently scanned glucose monitoring (isCGM) systems inform users of out-of-target glucose levels and may reduce monitoring burden. We aim to compare FreeStyle Libre 2 (Abbott Diabetes Care, Witney, U.

Use of intermittently scanned continuous glucose monitoring in young people with high-risk type 1 diabetes-Extension phase outcomes following a 6-month randomized control trial.

Aims: To describe the impact of a 12-month intervention using intermittently scanned continuous glucose monitoring (isCGM) on glycaemic control and glucose test frequency in adolescents and young adults with type 1 diabetes (T1D) and high-risk glycaemic control (HbA ≥75 mmol/mol [≥9.0%]).

Methods: In total, 64 young people (aged 13-20 years, 16.

The Challenges of Managing Pediatric Diabetes and Other Endocrine Disorders During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Results From an International Cross-Sectional Electronic Survey.

Background: Frequency, dimensions, management, and outcomes of the COVID-19 pandemic in children with endocrine disorders and diabetes were assessed.

Methods: A cross-sectional electronic survey was distributed to the global network of endocrine societies. Respondents' professional and practice profiles, clinic sizes, their country of practice, and the impact of COVID-19 on endocrine diseases were investigated.

Parental experiences of short term supported use of a do-it-yourself continuous glucose monitor (DIYrtCGM): A qualitative study.

Aims: To investigate the experiences of parents caring for young children with type 1 diabetes type 1 diabetes using a do-it-yourself continuous glucose monitor (DIYrtCGM) in a supported setting.

Methods: Exit interviews were conducted with parents from 11 families at the end of the MiaoMiao study: a randomised cross-over trial focusing on parental fear of hypoglycaemia. Technical support was provided to participants while using DIYrtCGM during the trial.

Vascular Function and Distribution of Adiponectin Isomers during Puberty in Children and Adolescents with Obesity.

Introduction: Youth with obesity have abnormal vascular function that relates to the anti-atherogenic adipose-derived hormone, adiponectin. The distribution of adiponectin isomers changes during normal puberty, but there are no data in relation to vascular function. We aimed to evaluate vascular function, adiponectin, and its isomers longitudinally in peri-pubertal youth with obesity and controls.

Impact of high-risk glycemic control on habitual sleep patterns and sleep quality among youth (13-20 years) with type 1 diabetes mellitus compared to controls without diabetes.

Background: In type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1D), glycemic control and sleep have a bidirectional relationship, with unhealthy glycemic control impacting sleep, and inadequate sleep impacting diabetes management. Youth are at risk for poor quality sleep; however, little is known about sleep among youth with high-risk glycemic control.

Objective: To assess differences in habitual sleep timing, duration, and quality among youth with T1D and controls.

Fatal perinatal mitochondrial cardiac failure caused by recurrent duplications in the locus.

Background: In about half of all patients with a suspected monogenic disease, genomic investigations fail to identify the diagnosis. A contributing factor is the difficulty with repetitive regions of the genome, such as those generated by segmental duplications. The locus is one such region, in which recessive deletions and dominant duplications have recently been reported to cause lethal perinatal mitochondrial diseases characterized by pontocerebellar hypoplasia or cardiomyopathy, respectively.

The MiaoMiao study: can do-it-yourself continuous glucose monitoring technology improve fear of hypoglycaemia in parents of children affected by type 1 diabetes?

Purpose: Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is one of the most common chronic diseases of childhood and comes with considerable management and psychological burden for children and their families. Fear of hypoglycaemia (FOH), particularly nocturnal hypoglycaemia, is a common worry. Continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) is a tool that may help reduce FOH, as well as reduce overall diabetes burden.

Young people with a variation in sex characteristics in Aotearoa/New Zealand: identity, activism and healthcare decision-making.

Young people born with variations in sex characteristics (VSC) or disorders of sex development (DSD) face numerous challenges in navigating issues relating to identity and to their lived and embodied experience. There is limited published research amplifying the voices of young people with a VSC, especially from Aotearoa/New Zealand. This qualitative study provides an up-to-date picture of the lived experience of 10 young people with a VSC in Aotearoa/New Zealand.

Youth and non-European ethnicity are associated with increased loss of publicly funded insulin pump access in New Zealand people with type 1 diabetes.

Aims: Continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII) has been publicly funded in New Zealand for people living with type 1 diabetes since 2012. The aim of the current study was to investigate the loss of access, once obtained, to public-funded CSII. The frequency and socio-demographics of access, and loss, to CSII spanning the period 2012 to 2018 were examined.

Cutaneous adverse events in a randomized controlled trial of flash glucose monitoring among youth with type 1 diabetes mellitus.

Background: The literature regarding flash glucose monitoring (FGM)-associated cutaneous adverse events (AE) is limited.

Objectives: This study among youth participating in a 6 month randomized controlled trial aimed to compare cutaneous AE between FGM and self-monitored blood glucose (SMBG) use and evaluate premature FGM sensor loss.

Methods: Patients aged 13 to 20 years with type 1 diabetes were randomized to intervention (FGM and usual care) or control (SMBG and usual care).

Effect of 6 Months of Flash Glucose Monitoring in Youth With Type 1 Diabetes and High-Risk Glycemic Control: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Objective: To investigate whether intermittently scanned continuous glucose monitoring (isCGM) significantly improves glycemic control compared with capillary self-monitored blood glucose (SMBG) in youth with type 1 diabetes and high-risk glycemic control.

Research Design And Methods: This multicenter 6-month randomized, controlled, parallel-arm trial included 64 participants aged 13-20 years with established type 1 diabetes and glycated hemoglobin (HbA) ≥9% (≥75 mmol/mol). Participants were allocated to 6-month intervention (isCGM; FreeStyle Libre; Abbott Diabetes Care, Witney, U.

High dose folic acid is a potential treatment for pulmonary hypertension, including when associated with COVID-19 pneumonia.

Background: Pulmonary hypertension is a significant complication for some patients with COVID-19 pneumonia, especially those requiring intensive care. Tachyphylaxis to the current therapy, inhaled nitric oxide (iNO), is also common. In vitro, folic acid directly increases nitric oxide (NO) production and extends its duration of action; effects which could be of benefit in reversing pulmonary hypertension and severe hypoxaemia.