Ecological footprints of environmental resources for agricultural production in Iran: a model-based study.

A modeling system was used to calculate the resource footprints (land, water, nutrients, energy, fuel, electricity, and carbon) on a large scale in agricultural production systems (Iran as a case study), and this report is an introduction of this modeling system for future studies. Under irrigated conditions, the highest land footprint was observed in pulses and oil grains (0.6 ha t.

Reliable Target Prediction of Bioactive Molecules Based on Chemical Similarity Without Employing Statistical Methods.

The prediction of biological targets of bioactive molecules from machine-readable materials can be routinely performed by computational target prediction tools (CTPTs). However, the prediction of biological targets of bioactive molecules from non-digital materials (e.g.

Photochemical behavior of sethoxydim in the presence of vegetable oils.

The photodecomposition of herbicides may be affected by adding vegetable oils to the spray tank. In this study nine vegetable oils were compared to assess the photodecomposition of sethoxydim under natural light conditions. The experiment was conducted as completely randomized factorial design with three replicates at the College of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Iran, in 2013.

Evaluation of different empirical models of crop/weed competition to estimate yield and LAI losses from common lambsquarters (Chenopodium album L.) in maize (Zea mays L.).

Usefulness and validity of different empirical yield loss models at describing the effect of common lambsquarters competition in maize were evaluated in a two year experiment in Karaj during 2001 and 2002 growing seasons. Experimental factors were density (1st year: 2, 5, 10 and 15 plants m(-2); 2nd year: 6.6, 13.

Municipal solid waste management in Tehran: current practices, opportunities and challenges.

Tehran, the capital city of Iran and a metropolis with a population of 8.2 million and containing 2.4 million households, generated 2,626,519 tons of solid waste in 2005.

Herbicide risk assessment during the Wheat Self-sufficiency Project in Iran.

Background: The present study describes the quantitative changes in herbicide use during the specific observation periods in the Wheat Self-sufficiency Project in Iran from 1994 to 2004 and the associated changes in herbicide risk, area and yield in this context. A risk index, the environmental impact quotient (EIQ), was used to estimate the environmental impacts (EIs) of herbicides applied to wheat agroecosystems.

Results: The results suggest that, during this period, the overall risk posed by the herbicides applied to wheat agroecosystems increased substantially, as evidenced by a 71% increase in herbicide usage (weight of pesticide applied) and a 62.

Investigating the resistance of wild oat (Avena ludoviciana Durieu.) to fenoxaprop-p-ethyl by whole plant bioassay and seed bioassay.

Greenhouse and laboratory experiments were performed to evaluate the resistant of wild oat Avena luduviciana Durieu. populations to fenoxaprop-p-ethyl. Populations of A.