extract in combination with lytic phage cocktails: a promising therapeutic approach against biofilms of multi-drug resistant .

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) poses a significant global threat to public health systems, rendering antibiotics ineffective in treating infectious diseases. Combined use of bio compounds, including bacteriophages and plant extracts, is an attractive approach to controlling antibiotic resistance. In this study, the combination of phage cocktail (Isf-Pm1 and Isf-Pm2) and crude extract (AME) was investigated in controlling biofilm-forming multi-drug resistant isolates, and a phantom bladder model.

SPOT-RASTR-A cryo-EM specimen preparation technique that overcomes problems with preferred orientation and the air/water interface.

In cryogenic electron microscopy (cryo-EM), specimen preparation remains a bottleneck despite recent advancements. Classical plunge freezing methods often result in issues like aggregation and preferred orientations at the air/water interface. Many alternative methods have been proposed, but there remains a lack a universal solution, and multiple techniques are often required for challenging samples.

SPOT-RASTR - a cryo-EM specimen preparation technique that overcomes problems with preferred orientation and the air/water interface.

In cryogenic electron microscopy (cryo-EM), specimen preparation remains a bottleneck despite recent advancements. Classical plunge freezing methods often result in issues like aggregation and preferred orientations at the air/water interface. Many alternative methods have been proposed, but there remains a lack a universal solution, and multiple techniques are often required for challenging samples.

The anticancer and antibacterial potential of bioactive secondary metabolites derived From bacterial endophytes in association with Artemisia absinthium.

The continuous search for secondary metabolites in microorganisms isolated from untapped reservoirs is an effective prospective approach to drug discovery. In this study, an in-depth analysis was conducted to investigate the diversity of culturable bacterial endophytes present in the medicinal plant A. absinthium, as well as the antibacterial and anticancer potential of their bioactive secondary metabolites.

Analyzing the Effects of Covid-19 on Food Supply Chains: A Case Study on Ranking the Obstacles with ANP Methodology.

Coronavirus pandemic has severely affected the supply chain network of many industries. Various activities have been disrupted throughout supply chains due to the increasing number of patients, death rate growth, quarantine regulations, social distancing, closed borders, and the phenomenal decrease in travel rate. Furthermore, the pandemic had dramatic effects on consumers' behavior all over the world, making them more eager/reluctant to purchase certain industrial products.

Determination of Capsular Serotypes, Antibiotic Susceptibility Pattern, and Molecular Mechanism of Erythromycin Resistance among Clinical Isolates of Group B in Isfahan, Iran.

Background: Documented streptococcal resistance to erythromycin has recently been raised. The aim of this study is to identify the molecular mechanism of erythromycin resistance among group B (GBS) strains and to correlate with the clinical origin of strains.

Materials And Methods: A total number of 134 colonizing ( = 36), invasive ( = 36), noninvasive ( = 46), and asymptomatic ( = 16) GBS isolates were characterized by the detection of gene, capsular serotyping, antibiotic susceptibility profiles using disc diffusion method, and screening of the , , and resistance genes.

Prevalence, population structure, distribution of serotypes, pilus islands and resistance genes among erythromycin-resistant colonizing and invasive Streptococcus agalactiae isolates recovered from pregnant and non-pregnant women in Isfahan, Iran.

Background: The information on antibiotic resistance and molecular features of Group B Streptococcus (GBS) are essential for epidemiological purposes as well as vaccine development. Therefore, we aimed to assess the antimicrobial resistance profiles and molecular characteristics of GBS isolates in Isfahan, Iran. A total number of 72 colonizing and invasive GBS were collected from pregnant and non-pregnant women.

nLossFinder-A Graphical User Interface Program for the Nontargeted Detection of DNA Adducts.

DNA adductomics is a relatively new omics approach aiming to measure known and unknown DNA modifications, called DNA adducts. Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) has become the most common method for analyzing DNA adducts. Recent advances in the field of mass spectrometry have allowed the possibility to perform a comprehensive analysis of adducts, for instance, by using a nontargeted data-independent acquisition method, with multiple precursor / windows as an inclusion list.

Targeting of cholera toxin A () gene by zinc finger nuclease: pitfalls of using gene editing tools in prokaryotes.

Background And Purpose: The study was launched to use zinc finger nuclease (ZFN) technology to disrupt the cholera toxin gene () for inhibiting CT toxin production in .

Experimental Approach: An engineered ZFN was designed to target the catalytic site of the gene. The coding sequence of ZFN was cloned to pKD46, pTZ57R T/A vector, and plasmid and transformed to Top10 and .

Molecular Characterization Of Vancomycin-Resistant Among Inpatients At Iranian University Hospitals: Clonal Dissemination Of ST6 And ST422.

Purpose: Over the past two decades, enterococci have emerged as an important opportunistic pathogen causing life-threatening infections in hospitals. The purpose of the present study was to examine the prevalence of genes encoding virulence factor and molecular characterization of vancomycin-resistant strains isolated from hospitalized patients in Isfahan, the central city of Iran.

Patients And Methods: A total of 53 vancomycin-resistant isolates (VRE) obtained from clinical samples of hospitalized patients were characterized by phenotypic and genotypic methods, and 25 selected VRE isolates from internal and ICU wards were typed by multilocus sequence typing.

Determination of surface proteins profile, capsular genotyping, and antibiotic susceptibility patterns of Group B Streptococcus isolated from urinary tract infection of Iranian patients.

Objectives: Group B Streptococcus (GBS) is an important opportunistic bacteria that causes a wide range of infections including neonatal sepsis, meningitis, pneumonia, soft tissue and urinary tract infections (UTI). The aim of this study was to evaluate the antimicrobial susceptibility patterns, surface proteins and capsular types of GBS isolates.

Results: 100 of UTI isolates were confirmed as GBS.

Phylogenetic analysis of human bocavirus in children with acute respiratory infections in Iran.

Human bocavirus (HBoV) was first characterized in nasopharyngeal aspirates from young children with acute respiratory infections. It is prevalent among children with acute wheezing. This study was carried out in order to analyze the infection frequency and coinfection rates of HBoV with respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) and to perform phylogenetic analysis of HBoV in samples of children with acute respiratory infection in Isfahan, Iran.

Phenotypic and genotypic characterization of glycopeptide, aminoglycoside and macrolide resistance among clinical isolates of Enterococcus faecalis: a multicenter based study.

Objectives: Enterococcus faecalis as part of the normal floras of human gastrointestinal and genitourinary tracts are an important cause of nosocomial infections. The present study aimed to investigate the prevalence of genes encoding antimicrobial resistance and genetic relatedness of clinical isolates of E. faecalis among Iranian hospitalized patients.

First Report of Congenital Short Bowel Syndrome in an Iranian Patient Caused by a Mutation in the Gene.

Congenital short bowel syndrome (CSBS) is a rare congenital neonatal disorder. CSBS results from intestinal impairment during embryogenesis. Mutated ( ) and genes are involved in the cause of CSBS.

A Review of Chronic Leukoencephalopathy among Survivors of Childhood Cancer.

Currently, there are an estimated 400,000 long-term survivors of childhood cancer in the United States. Chronic leukoencephalopathy is a potential devastating late effect that can manifest as a range of neurological and neurocognitive sequelae. Survivors of the acute lymphocytic leukemia, central nervous system tumors, and stem cell transplant have frequently been exposed to cranial radiation, systemic and intrathecal chemotherapy, which places them at risk of developing chronic leukoencephalopathy.

Assessment of expression of RELN signaling pathway in multiple sclerosis patients.

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic demyelinating disease of the central nervous system. Nearly 85% of MS patients are recognized with relapsing-remitting MS (RRMS), a typical clinical course of disease which is distinguished by several episodes of relapses, separated by remissions of neurological impairment. Failure of repair mechanisms is a main factor in progression of neurological dysfunction in MS.

Genetic diversity of strains from a teaching hospital in Isfahan, Iran: The emergence of MRSA ST639- SCC III and ST343- SCC III.

Background And Objectives: is an important pathogen that can be colonized in the nose and increase the risk of spreading infections in hospitals. The present study aimed at determining the phenotypic and genotypic characterization of strains isolated from patients and healthcare workers (HCWs) from a teaching hospital in Isfahan, Iran.

Materials And Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed on 262 nasal swabs and 23 clinical isolates that were collected from a teaching hospital during February and April 2016.

Evaluation of Biofilm Formation and Frequency of Multidrug-resistant and Extended Drug-resistant Strain in Isolated from Burn Patients in Isfahan.

Background: is a biofilm-forming bacterium which can result in serious health problems, particularly in burn patients. Biofilm has been assumed to protect the bacteria from environmental fluctuations such as antimicrobial agent. Mucoid strains generate extensive levels of the alginate exopolysaccharide, which is an important factor of its biofilm.

Molecular characteristics of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus nasal carriage from hospitalized patients and medical staff in Isfahan, Iran.

Objectives: Nasal carriage of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) has been accounted as one of the main risk factors for the development of complicated nosocomial infections. The present study aimed to determine nasal carriage rate, antimicrobial susceptibility pattern and molecular characteristics of MRSA isolates.

Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed within 6 months period from July 2015 at 3 hospitals of Isfahan, Iran.

Genetic Diversity of Drug-resistant Isolates in Isfahan Province of Iran.

Background: Increasing drug resistance is an important factor in the complexity of tuberculosis (TB) control. The identification of disease transmission type, recurrence of a previous infection, or new transmission of the disease is the key factor in the control of TB. In this study, we aimed to identify the genetic diversity of drug-resistant isolates in Isfahan province of Iran through the mycobacterial interspersed repetitive unit-variable number tandem repeat (MIRU-VNTR) typing method based on 24 loci.

Phenotypic and genotypic characterization of macrolide resistance among isolates in Isfahan, Iran.

Background And Objectives: Macrolide, lincosamide and streptogramin B (MLS ) are noteworthy antibiotics for the treatment of infections. The purpose of this study, was to determine the phenotypic and genotypic characterization of macrolide resistance, among , isolated from clinical samples and nasal swabs.

Materials And Methods: Totally, 162 non-duplicate isolates were collected from clinical samples and nasal swabs, from patients and healthcare workers (HCWs), between March 2016 and September 2016, at four teaching hospitals in Isfahan.

Optimal DNA Isolation Method for Detection of Nontuberculous Mycobacteria by Polymerase Chain Reaction.

Background: Nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) are a group of opportunistic pathogens and these are widely dispersed in water and soil resources. Identification of mycobacteria isolates by conventional methods including biochemical tests, growth rates, colony pigmentation, and presence of acid-fast bacilli is widely used, but these methods are time-consuming, labor-intensive, and may sometimes remain inconclusive.

Materials And Methods: The DNA was extracted from NTM cultures using CTAB, Chelex, Chelex + Nonidet P-40, FTA Elute card, and boiling The quantity and quality of the DNA extracted via these methods were determined using UV-photometer at 260 and 280 nm, and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification of the heat-shock protein 65 gene with serially diluted DNA samples.

Phthalate esters on urban airborne particles: Levels in PM and PM from Mexico City and theoretical assessment of lung exposure.

Endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) from the environment are associated with reproductive abnormalities (i.e. decreased sperm concentration; increased endometriosis) and alterations of the cardiovascular system (i.