What is behind the gender gap in economics distance education: Age, work-life balance and COVID-19.

There is an ongoing debate about whether gender equality in education has been achieved or not. Research efforts have focused on primary and secondary education, while there are fewer studies on higher education, and few studies refer to distance education. To contribute to address this gap, this article presents a gender analysis of educational outcomes in economics at Spain's leading distance university, UNED, which is also the largest university in the European Union in terms of enrolment.

Influence of Maternal Diabetes on the Risk of Neurodevelopmental Disorders in Offspring in the Prenatal and Postnatal Periods.

Background: This study aimed to evaluate the influence of maternal diabetes in the risk of neurodevelopmental disorders in offspring in the prenatal and postnatal periods.

Methods: This cohort study included singleton gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) pregnancies >22 weeks' gestation with live newborns between 1991 and 2008. The control group was randomly selected and matched (1:2) for maternal age, weeks of gestation and birth year.

Long-term outcome of adjustable transobturator male system for stress urinary incontinence in the Iberian multicentre study.

Aim: The aim of this study is to evaluate long-term durability and effectiveness of the adjustable transobturator male system (ATOMS).

Materials And Methods: The retrospective multicenter Iberian ATOMS study (n = 215) was updated to evaluate long-term continence status, complications, explants, and secondary treatments. Mean follow-up from surgery to March 2020 was 60.

Patient satisfaction with adjustable transobturator male system in the Iberian multicenter study.

Backgrounds: Patient-reported outcome measurements are important for urinary incontinence. We analyze self-assessed patient satisfaction and define the clinical profile of patient with highest satisfaction with the adjustable transobturator male system (ATOMS).

Methods: Patient perception of results was evaluated in a series of 181 patients after ATOMS adjustment.

Adjustable transobturator male system (ATOMS) as treatment of stress urinary incontinence secondary to transurethral resection of the prostate.

Objectives: Feasibility study to evaluate efficacy and safety of Adjustable Transobturator Male System (ATOMS) for male stress urinary incontinence (SUI) after transurethral resection of the prostate.

Materials And Methods: Twenty patients were implanted ATOMS for SUI caused by transurethral resection of the prostate with or without radiotherapy. Incontinence severity was evaluated as mild (2 pads/day), moderate (3-5 pads/day) or severe (≥6pads/day), and dryness as none or one security pad/day.

Treatment of male stress urinary incontinence with the adjustable transobturator male system: Outcomes of a multi-center Iberian study.

Aim: To evaluate effectiveness and safety of the adjustable transobturator male system (ATOMS) for male stress urinary incontinence (SUI).

Material And Methods: A retrospective multicenter study was conducted in nine Iberian institutions using a board-approved database for 215 patients intervened between 2012 and 2017, with no case excluded. Continence status, patient satisfaction, number, and grade of complications (Clavien-Dindo) and factors affecting dry rate at adjustment were evaluated.

[Surgical treatment of renal adenocarcinoma with venous thrombus].

Objectives: To analyze therapeutic management and survival of renal adenocarcinoma with tumor venous extension treated by surgery in our experience.

Methods: We retrospectively evaluate a series of 29 cases of renal adenocarcinoma with venous thrombus who underwent radical nephrectomy and thrombectomy from January 1986 to November 2003. Mean age was 63.

[Renal abscess in patients diagnosed with AIDS and disseminated tuberculosis].

Presentation of two cases of renal abscess formation in patients with stage IV C-1 AIDS and active associated tuberculosis. The microorganism isolated in the first case was S. aureus.

[Skin metastasis as the first manifestation of dissemination of bladder cancer].

Cutaneous metastases of vesical carcinoma are an uncommon finding and generally appear amid multisystemic dissemination. We present a case of appearance of multiple cutaneous metastases in the immediate postoperative period of a patient subjected to radical cystectomy, in which this affection was the only sign of metastatic seeding. We discuss the etiopathogeny and possible evolution of similar cases.

[Signet ring cell adenocarcinoma of the bladder].

A case of primary signet-ring cell adenocarcinoma of the urinary bladder is described. The etiopathogenesis, pathological and clinical features, prognosis and treatment of this tumor type are discussed and the literature reviewed.

[Massive secondary psoriasiform dermatitis secondary to intravesical administration of mitomycin C].

We report on a patient who had been submitted to vesical diverticulectomy. Pathological examination of the surgical specimen revealed G2T1 urothelial carcinoma. Intravesical chemotherapy with mitomycin C was instituted.

[Ultrasonic diagnosis of prostatic adenocarcinoma. Prospective study of a sample of 159 patients].

We studied the value of transrectal echography as the diagnostic means of prostate pathology. We carried out a prospective analysis of a sample of 159 patients, on whom we have anatomopathological documentation which we use as the reliability control for the clinical exploration by means of rectal touch and ultrasonography with transrectal transducer. We have obtained 137 prostate fibromuscular hyperplasias, 3 inflammatory pathologies and 19 adenocarcinomas.

Transplant of a pediculate segment of vas deferens. Experimental study.

A new surgical technique has been used on white New Zealand rabbits. A segment of vas deferens was transplanted to the contralateral deferens with the intention of improving treatment for certain cases of infertility caused by obstruction. Evaluation of the technique was carried out by repeated seminograms, deferentovesiculography and histological studies of the transplanted deferens segment and the corresponding testicle.

[Immediate complications of radical cystectomy. Intestinal fistula: our experience in the treatment with somatostatin].

During the period of time between November 1986 and May 1988, 14 total cystectomies with one-step urinary derivations were performed in our Service. The surgical techniques utilized include: 7 Bricker, 2 Camey, 1 ileocecal segment derivation, 2 cutaneous transureterostomies and 2 cutaneous ureterostomies. Among the complications observed there were 3 intestinal fistulas which were treated at first in a conservative way with parenteral nutrition and somatostatin.

Cavernosography in diagnosis of metastatic tumors of the penis: 5 new cases and a review of the literature.

Secondary tumors of the penis are rare, with 266 cases having been reported. We describe 5 new cases studied by cavernosography. The primary tumors were bladder cancer in 3 patients and prostatic cancer in 2.