Pathogens spread by high-altitude windborne mosquitoes.

Recent studies have revealed that many mosquito species regularly engage in high-altitude windborne migration, but its epidemiological significance was debated. The hypothesis that high-altitude mosquitoes spread pathogens over large distances has not been directly tested. Here, we report for the first time that high-altitude windborne mosquitoes are commonly infected with arboviruses, protozoans, and helminths affecting vertebrates and humans, and provide the first description of this pathogen-vector aerial network.

Challenges of female microbial ecologists at different stages of their academic life: a Mexican perspective.

Latin American women scientists face a double glass ceiling because of cultural, institutional, and geographic biases, including those from international journal editors. Despite under-representation, they advance in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM), particularly microbiology. In Mexico, more efforts are needed to create an inclusive community, driving progress enriched by women's perspectives in science.

EphA4 Mediates EphrinB1-Dependent Adhesion in Retinal Ganglion Cells.

Eph/ephrin signaling is crucial for organizing retinotopic maps in vertebrates. Unlike other EphAs, which are expressed in the embryonic ventral retina, EphA4 is found in the retinal ganglion cell (RGC) layer at perinatal stages, and its role in mammalian visual system development remains unclear. Using classic in vitro stripe assays, we demonstrate that, while RGC axons are repelled by ephrinB2, they grow on ephrinB1 stripes through EphA4-mediated adhesion.

1,3,4-oxadiazoles as inhibitors of the atypical member of the BET family bromodomain factor 3 from (BDF3).

Chagas disease, caused by the protozoan parasite , affects millions globally, with increasing urban cases outside of Latin America. Treatment is based on two compounds, namely, benznidazole (BZ) and nifurtimox, but chronic cases pose several challenges. Targeting lysine acetylation, particularly bromodomain-containing proteins, shows promise as a novel antiparasitic target.

Analysis of the Probiotic Potential of LB1_P46 Isolated from the Mexican Fermented Pulque Beverage: A Functional and Genomic Analysis.

The traditional Mexican fermented beverage pulque has been considered a healthy product for treating gastrointestinal disorders. Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) have been identified as one of the most abundant microbial groups during pulque fermentation. As traditional pulque is consumed directly from the fermentation vessel, the naturally associated LABs are ingested, reaching the consumer's small intestine alive, suggesting their potential probiotic capability.

Evolution of pfhrp2 and pfhrp3 deletions in Equatorial Guinea between the pre- and post-RDT introduction.

Background: Pfhrp2 and pfhrp3 deletions are threatening Plasmodium falciparum malaria diagnosis by rapid diagnostic tests (RDT) due to false negatives. This study assesses the changes in the frequencies of pfhrp2 and pfhrp3 deletions (pfhrp2 and pfhrp3, respectively) and the genes in their flaking regions, before and after RDT introduction in Equatorial Guinea.

Methods: A total of 566 P.

Corrigendum: Human gut microbiome across different lifestyles: from hunter-gatherers to urban populations.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.

Isolation and Characterization of Thermophilic Bacteria from a Hot Spring in the State of Hidalgo, Mexico, and Geochemical Analysis of the Thermal Water.

Hot springs worldwide can be a source of extremophilic microorganisms of biotechnological interest. In this study, samplings of a hot spring in Hidalgo, Mexico, were conducted to isolate, identify, and characterize morphologically, biochemically, and molecularly those bacterial strains with potential industrial applications. In addition, a physicochemical and geochemical examination of the hot spring was conducted to fully understand the study region and its potential connection to the strains discovered.

Optimal Tai Chi forms in knee osteoarthritis: An exploration from biomechanical rationale to pain reduction.

Objectives: Tai Chi (TC) shows some beneficial effects in reducing pain in knee osteoarthritis (OA). However, the selection of criteria TC forms in previous studies were unclear and inconsistent, possibly accounting for the varying outcomes and rendering the training effects suboptimal. We have selected four optimal TC (OTC) forms based on the knee joint load and its association with pain.

New member of Plasmodium (Vinckeia) and Plasmodium cyclopsi discovered in bats in Sierra Leone - nuclear sequence and complete mitochondrial genome analyses.

Malaria remains the most important arthropod-borne infectious disease globally. The causative agent, Plasmodium, is a unicellular eukaryote that develops inside red blood cells. Identifying new Plasmodium parasite species that infect mammalian hosts can shed light on the complex evolution and diversity of malaria parasites.

A new long-read mitochondrial-genome protocol (PacBio HiFi) for haemosporidian parasites: a tool for population and biodiversity studies.

Background: Studies on haemosporidian diversity, including origin of human malaria parasites, malaria's zoonotic dynamic, and regional biodiversity patterns, have used target gene approaches. However, current methods have a trade-off between scalability and data quality. Here, a long-read Next-Generation Sequencing protocol using PacBio HiFi is presented.

Transcriptional and Metabolic Response of a Strain of PTS to a Perturbation of the Energetic Level by Modification of [ATP]/[ADP] Ratio.

The intracellular [ATP]/[ADP] ratio is crucial for 's cellular functions, impacting transport, phosphorylation, signaling, and stress responses. Overexpression of F-ATPase genes in increases glucose consumption, lowers energy levels, and triggers transcriptional responses in central carbon metabolism genes, particularly glycolytic ones, enhancing carbon flux. In this contribution, we report the impact of the perturbation of the energetic level in a PTS mutant of by modifying the [ATP]/[ADP] ratio by uncoupling the cytoplasmic activity of the F subunit of the ATP synthase.

A Large Xanthomatous Hyperplastic Polyp: An Unusual Case of Dyspepsia.

Gastric hyperplastic polyps (GHP) are one of the most common gastric epithelial polyps. They are generally asymptomatic and often discovered incidentally during endoscopic procedures. In this article, we present the case of a 36-year-old patient with dyspepsia attributed to the prolapse of a large gastric hyperplastic polyp with extensive xanthomatous change.

The Genome of Plasmodium gonderi: Insights into the Evolution of Human Malaria Parasites.

Plasmodium species causing malaria in humans are not monophyletic, sharing common ancestors with nonhuman primate parasites. Plasmodium gonderi is one of the few known Plasmodium species infecting African old-world monkeys that are not found in apes. This study reports a de novo assembled P.

Impact of the 'Health on Wheels' (HoW) strategy on COVID-19 vaccination coverage in hard-to-reach communities in Alta Verapaz, Guatemala, 2022.

Background: In April 2022, after a year of COVID-19 vaccination, there were large differences in coverage between urban and rural areas in Guatemala. To address barriers in rural communities, the "Health on Wheels" (HoW) strategy was implemented. The strategy deployed mobile brigades with a dedicated team of health workers and a culturally sensitive health promotion plan in selected communities in 15 districts in Alta Verapaz, a health area with low COVID-19 vaccination uptake and a high-level of COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy.

The complete genome of JM101 assembled with a combination of Nanopore and Illumina platforms.

We report the complete genome and the plasmid (F' episome) sequences of JM101 assembled with a combination of Nanopore and Illumina data. The resulting genome is a single contig of 4,524,963 bp, and the plasmid consists of a single contig of 197,186 bp.

The complete genome of two isolates from the traditional Mexican fermented pulque beverage assembled with a combination of PacBio and Illumina platforms.

We report the sequence of the complete genome and associated plasmids of two isolates from the traditional Mexican pulque beverage assembled with a combination of PacBio and Illumina data. The resulting complete genome for strain LB1_P46 is 3,287,706 bp; for strain LB2_P47, the complete genome is 3,289,072 bp.

Assessment of Plasmodium falciparum drug resistance associated molecular markers in Mandla, Madhya Pradesh, India.

Background: Resistance against artemisinin-based combination therapy is one of the challenges to malaria control and elimination globally. Mutations in different genes (Pfdhfr, Pfdhps, Pfk-13 and Pfmdr1) confer resistance to artesunate and sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine (AS + SP) were analysed from Mandla district, Madhya Pradesh, to assess the effectiveness of the current treatment regimen against uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum.

Methods: Dried blood spots were collected during the active fever survey and mass screening and treatment activities as part of the Malaria Elimination Demonstration Project (MEDP) from 2019 to 2020.

Heterologous production of rhamnolipids in Pseudomonas chlororaphis subsp chlororaphis ATCC 9446 based on the endogenous production of N-acyl-homoserine lactones.

Rhamnolipids (RL) are biosurfactants naturally produced by the opportunistic pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Currently, RL are commercialized for various applications and produced by Pseudomonas putida due to the health risks associated with their large-scale production by P. aeruginosa.

Pathogenic mechanisms underlying itch in atopic dermatitis: the emerging role of neuroimmune interactions.

Itch is a frequent dermatological sensation that can occur in a variety of skin conditions, including atopic dermatitis, inflammatory disorders characterised by eczematous lesions and chronic itch. The pathogenic mechanisms that lead to itch in atopic dermatitis are not fully understood. The current knowledge of its aetiology highlights the complex interplay among multiple pathogenic factors such as epidermal barrier dysfunction, immune dysregulation, and its interaction with the nervous system.

n. sp. and coinfection in (Aves: Cariamiformes): first mitochondrial genome analysis and morphological description of a leucocytozoid in Brazil.

The distribution of avian haemosporidians of the genus in the Neotropics remains poorly understood. Recent studies confirmed their presence in the region using molecular techniques alone, but evidence for gametocytes and data on putative competent hosts for are still lacking outside highland areas. We combined morphological and molecular data to characterize a new species infecting a non-migratory red-legged seriema (), the first report of a competent host for in Brazil.

Hyposalivation and periodontal disease as oral non-articular characteristics in rheumatoid arthritis.

Objective: To investigate the association among rheumatoid arthritis (RA), saliva production, and periodontal status.

Methods: An observational study was carried out on 103 subjects with RA and 103 without RA matched by sex and age. Rheumatologic evaluation included serological and clinical variables.

Glucose Transport in : From Basics to Transport Engineering.

is the best-known model for the biotechnological production of many biotechnological products, including housekeeping and heterologous primary and secondary metabolites and recombinant proteins, and is an efficient biofactory model to produce biofuels to nanomaterials. Glucose is the primary substrate used as the carbon source for laboratory and industrial cultivation of for production purposes. Efficient growth and associated production and yield of desired products depend on the efficient sugar transport capabilities, sugar catabolism through the central carbon catabolism, and the efficient carbon flux through specific biosynthetic pathways.

Origin and diversity of malaria parasites and other Haemosporida.

Symbionts, including parasites, are ubiquitous in all world ecosystems. Understanding the diversity of symbiont species addresses diverse questions, from the origin of infectious diseases to inferring processes shaping regional biotas. Here, we review the current approaches to studying Haemosporida's species diversity and evolutionary history.

Functional significance of microbial diversity in arid soils: biological soil crusts and nitrogen fixation as a model system.

Microbial communities respond to changes in environmental conditions; however, how compositional shifts affect ecosystem processes is still not well-understood and it is often assumed that different microbial communities will function equally under similar environmental conditions. We evaluated this assumption of functional redundancy using biological soil crusts (BSCs) from two arid ecosystems in Mexico with contrasting climate conditions (hot and cold deserts) following an experimental approach both in the field (reciprocal transplants) and in laboratory conditions (common garden), focusing on the community's composition and potential for nitrogen fixation. Potential of nitrogen fixation was assessed through the acetylene reduction assay.