Long-Term Change in BMI for Children with Obesity Treated in Family-Centered Lifestyle Interventions.

Introduction: Several evaluations of lifestyle interventions for childhood obesity exist; however, follow-up beyond 2 years is necessary to validate the effect. The aim of the present study was to investigate long-term weight development following children participating in one of two pragmatic family-centered lifestyle interventions treating childhood obesity.

Methods: This real-life observational study included Danish children 4-17 years of age classified as having obesity.

Three Weeks on a Ketogenic Diet Reduces Free Testosterone and Free Estradiol in Middle-Aged Obese Men and Women.

Background: Beta-hydroxybuturate (-OHB) supplements are commonly utilized in sports by both recreational and professional athletes. In a recent study, we observed a drop in testosterone levels following the oral ingestion of racemic sodium--OHB. In this investigation, we aim to determine whether a single oral dose of ketone ester (study I) and prolonged endogenous ketosis (study II) also reduces testosterone levels.

INfluenza VaccInation To mitigate typE 1 Diabetes (INVITED): a study protocol for a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial in children and adolescents with recent-onset type 1 diabetes.

Introduction: Children and adolescents with recent-onset type 1 diabetes (T1D) commonly maintain a certain level of insulin production during the remission phase, which can last months to years. Preserving β-cell function can reduce T1D complications and improve glycaemic control. Influenza vaccination has pleiotropic effects and administration of the vaccine during the early phases of T1D may offer β-cell protection.

Mechanisms underlying the development of eating disorders and disordered eating in adolescent females with type 1 diabetes.

Objective: People with Type 1 diabetes (T1D) face an increased risk of eating disorders/disordered eating (ED/DE), with adolescents being particularly vulnerable. Empirical knowledge on the mechanisms underlying development of ED/DE in T1D is crucial for evolving prevention strategies.

Research Design And Methods: Fourteen semi-structured interviews with adolescent females with T1D and ED/DE between 14 and 18 years were conducted and analyzed using reflexive thematic analysis.

Bladder dysfunction in adolescents with type 1 diabetes.

Background: It is increasingly significant that adults with diabetes experience lower urinary tract symptoms, however, there has been limited research in younger individuals with type 1 diabetes.

Objective: To investigate bladder function using non-invasive urodynamics as a potential indicator of autonomic neuropathy in adolescents with type 1 diabetes. This involved examining the association between urinary flow disturbances, reported symptoms, and results from other autonomic tests.

Cross-sectional study investigating the association between inflammatory biomarkers and neuropathy in adolescents with type 1 diabetes.

Objectives: The aims of this study were to investigate circulating levels of inflammatory markers in adolescents with type 1 diabetes with and without different types of neuropathies and evaluate the association between inflammatory biomarkers, nerve function and clinical parameters.

Design: Cross-sectional study.

Setting: Hospitals and Steno Diabetes Center in Denmark.

Sweat gland nerve fiber density and association with sudomotor function, symptoms, and risk factors in adolescents with type 1 diabetes.

Purpose: To quantify sweat gland nerve fiber density in adolescents with diabetes. Additionally, to investigate associations between sudomotor innervation, sweat responses, and possible risk factors for sudomotor neuropathy.

Methods: Cross-sectional study where 60 adolescents with type 1 diabetes (duration > 5 years) and 23 control subjects were included.

Neuropathy in adolescents with type 1 diabetes: Confirmatory diagnostic tests, bedside tests, and risk factors.

Aims: To estimate the prevalence of large fiber (LFN), small fiber (SFN), and autonomic neuropathy in adolescents with type 1 diabetes using confirmatory tests known from adults and to identify risk factors and bedside methods for neuropathy.

Methods: Sixty adolescents with type 1 diabetes (diabetes duration > five years) and 23 control subjects underwent neurological examination and confirmatory diagnostic tests for neuropathy, including nerve conduction studies, skin biopsies determining intraepidermal nerve fiber density, quantitative sudomotor axon reflex test (QSART), cardiovascular reflex tests (CARTs), and tilt table test. Possible risk factors were analyzed.

Zoledronate Increases Bone Mineral Density in Nonambulant Children With Cerebral Palsy: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Context: Zoledronate appears to reduce fracture rates in children with cerebral palsy (CP), but no previous randomized, controlled trial has been performed to compare the effect of zoledronate to placebo in children with CP.

Objective: To investigate the effect of zoledronate on bone mineral density (BMD) Z-scores in children with nonambulant CP in a randomized, controlled, double-blind trial.

Methods: Nonambulant children with CP (5 to 16 years of age) were randomized 1:1 to receive 2 doses of zoledronate or placebo at a 6-month interval.

Early Gastrointestinal Neuropathy Assessed by Wireless Motility Capsules in Adolescents with Type 1 Diabetes.

Background: To assess the prevalence of objective signs of gastrointestinal (GI) autonomic neuropathy (AN) in adolescents with type 1 diabetes (T1D). In addition, to investigate associations between objective GI findings and self-reported symptoms or other findings of AN.

Methods: Fifty adolescents with T1D and 20 healthy adolescents were examined with a wireless motility capsule to assess the total and regional GI transit times and motility index.

Patients' perspectives on screening for disordered eating among adolescents with type 1 diabetes.

Purpose: People with type 1 diabetes have an increased risk of disordered eating (DE) and eating disorders (ED). Screening is recommended however little is known about patients' perspectives on screening questionnaires. This paper reports qualitative analyses of patients' perspectives on the questionnaire Diabetes Eating Problem Survey Revised (DEPS-R), including acceptability, attitudes, and cognitive understanding.

Cerebral palsy and bisphosphonates - and what can be learned from other types of secondary osteoporosis in children: A scoping review.

Aim: We aimed to improve bone health management of children with cerebral palsy (CP) by reviewing studies investigating bisphosphonate therapy in children with CP and other types of secondary osteoporosis.

Methods: We included trials on bisphosphonate treatment reporting any direct bone measurement or fracture outcome. All studies of patients with CP were included.

Fracture Rates in Children with Cerebral Palsy: A Danish, Nationwide Register-Based Study.

Background: In children with cerebral palsy (CP), fracture rates have been reported to be higher than in the general population but age-specific fracture rates have not been directly compared and the effect of comorbid epilepsy needs elucidation. This impairs decision-making regarding bone health interventions.

Aim: We aimed to establish the age-specific fracture rates in children with CP with and without epilepsy in Denmark.

Ghrelin, growth hormone and insulin-like growth Factor-I levels in people with protein C deficiency.

The primary objective of this study was to examine if people with protein C deficiency, which is a natural anticoagulant and also an endogenous acyl ghrelin peptidase, have elevated circulating levels of acyl ghrelin. The clinical trial was conducted in a university hospital setting. People with protein C deficiency were identified and invited to participate by a specialized coagulation outpatient clinic.

The association between weight loss and long term development in quality-of-life among children living with obesity: a pragmatic descriptive intervention study.

Background: Childhood obesity is associated with impaired Quality-of-Life (QoL), increased stigmatization and higher risk of development of depression compared to their peers. This report describes the long-term development in QoL for cohort of children with obesity after a sustainable weight reduction.

Methods: This pragmatic descriptive intervention study enrolled 120 children with obesity, age 5-17 years, in a multifactorial lifestyle intervention.

Evaluation of the diagnostic process in neonates with conjugated hyperbilirubinaemia.

Introduction: The Danish Health Authority (DHA) recommends diagnostic evaluation of infants who develop prolonged jaundice and a serum conjugated bilirubin (CB) concentration ≥ 17 μmol/l. This study aimed to assess the efficacy of the programme in identifying infants with biliary atresia (BA) or other liver disease. Infants born in the Central Denmark Region from 2016 to 2021 were investigated.

Treatment-induced neuropathy of diabetes in an adolescent with rapid reduction in HbA1c and weight loss: Persistent neuropathic findings at follow-up after 1.5 years.

Treatment-induced neuropathy of diabetes (TIND) is a condition occurring within weeks after a rapid decline in blood glucose. This case report illustrates consequences in an adolescent with TIND. Gold standard methods diagnosing large fiber, small fiber, and autonomic neuropathy were abnormal at 1.

Passing on the exercise baton: What can endocrine patients learn from elite athletes?

As elite athletes demonstrate through the Olympic motto 'Citius, Altius, Fortius- Communiter', new performance records are driven forward by favourable skeletal muscle bioenergetics, cardiorespiratory, and endocrine system adaptations. At a recreational level, regular physical activity is an effective nonpharmacological therapy in the treatment of many endocrine conditions. However, the impact of physical exercise on endocrine function and how best to incorporate exercise therapy into clinical care are not well understood.

Uric Acid Is Elevated in Children With Obesity and Decreases After Weight Loss.

Childhood obesity is an increasing condition associated with continuous obesity into adulthood and development of comorbidities. Adult studies show an association between serum uric acid (SUA) levels and body mass index (BMI). The aim of this retro perspective exploratory study was to investigate SUA in obese children and adolescents and the effects of a subsequent weight reduction.

Large fibre, small fibre and autonomic neuropathy in adolescents with type 1 diabetes: A systematic review.

Aims: To estimate the prevalence of neuropathy in adolescents with type 1 diabetes.

Methods: Systematic collection of published studies exploring the prevalence of large fibre neuropathy (LFN), small fibre neuropathy (SFN), and autonomic neuropathy in adolescents with type 1 diabetes. Following prospective registration (Prospero CRD42020206093), PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library were searched for studies from 2000 to 2020.