A Case-Control Study of Dietary Choline Intake and Risk of Colorectal Cancer Modified by Dietary B-Vitamin Intake.

Background/objectives: The incidence of colorectal cancer (CRC) is rising, and Western diets high in red and processed meats may be contributing. It is important to identify dietary nutrients that increase CRC risk and perhaps interventions that may modulate such risk. The relationship between dietary choline intake and CRC is still unclear.

Biochemical validation of self-reported electronic nicotine delivery system and tobacco heaviness of use.

Research on tobacco use disorder relies on a combination of self-reported use (e.g., cigarettes per day) and biochemical validation to quantify heaviness of use.

Geospatial Assessment of Pesticide Concentration in Ambient Air and Colorectal Cancer Incidence in Arkansas, 2013-2017.

Exposure to various agricultural pesticides has been linked to colorectal cancer (CRC), mostly among farmworkers and applicators. Given the potential pesticide drift in ambient air, residents near farmland may be exposed to carcinogenic pesticides even if they are not actively engaged in pesticide application. Pesticide air pollution at the county level was estimated using the 2014 National Air Toxics Assessment.

Association between pesticide exposure and colorectal cancer risk and incidence: A systematic review.

Background: Studies investigating the association between pesticide exposure and colorectal cancer (CRC) risk have been inconclusive.

Objectives: Investigate the association between pesticide exposure and CRC risk through a systematic literature review.

Methods: CRC has the fourth-highest rate of cancer-caused death in the US after lung cancer, breast cancer in women, and prostate cancer in men.

Applications of metabolomics in assessing ecological effects of emerging contaminants and pollutants on plants.

Metabolomics, the global profiling of metabolite composition, is a powerful technique that can be applied to answer a diverse set of research questions concerning effects of toxicants on organisms. It has recently emerged as a tool to understand complex environmental perturbations in biological systems, especially at sub-lethal concentrations. Organisms can be affected by different stressors such as xenobiotics or increase in concentration of natural compounds such as nitrogen, phosphorous, and sulfur.

Thioglycosides Are Efficient Metabolic Decoys of Glycosylation that Reduce Selectin Dependent Leukocyte Adhesion.

Metabolic decoys are synthetic analogs of naturally occurring biosynthetic acceptors. These compounds divert cellular biosynthetic pathways by acting as artificial substrates that usurp the activity of natural enzymes. While O-linked glycosides are common, they are only partially effective even at millimolar concentrations.

Mass spectrometry based detection of common vitellogenin peptides across fish species for assessing exposure to estrogenic compounds in aquatic environments.

The identification of myriad of chemicals in the environment that mimic hormones and affect the endocrine functions of exposed organism is a daunting analytical challenge for environmental scientists and engineers. Many of these endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) are present at very low concentrations in the aquatic systems, but yet affect the metabolic, developmental, and reproductive functions in exposed fish and wildlife. Vitellogenin (VTG) protein is a widely used biomarker in fish for assessing exposure to EDCs, and is commonly measured using species-specific immunochemical techniques.

Type I collagen self-assembly: the roles of substrate and concentration.

Collagen molecules, self-assembled into macroscopic hierarchical tissue networks, are the main organic building block of many biological tissues. A particularly common and important form of this self-assembly consists of type I collagen fibrils, which exhibit a nanoscopic signature, D-periodic gap/overlap spacing, with a distribution of values centered at approximately 67 nm. In order to better understand the relationship between type I collagen self-assembly and D-spacing distribution, we investigated surface-mediated collagen self-assembly as a function of substrate and incubation concentration.