Simulation of the COVID-19 handling policy in Indonesia.

Background: This study's background was inspired by the current COVID-19 handling policy, which focuses on the balance of public health and social economy. However, there is a knowledge gap on the dynamic complexity of balancing public health and social economy during the new normal period of COVID-19 handling policy. A system dynamics simulation of the COVID-19 handling policy could be used to understand that gap.

Policy innovation and emergence of innovative health technology: The system dynamics modelling of early COVID-19 handling in Indonesia.

This article examines policy innovation, emergence of innovative health technology and its implication for a health system. The complexity of policy innovation implementation resulting from mixing public health resolution and economic interest will trigger the emergence of innovative health technology, which implies a health system improvement. The findings revealed that: policy innovation based on a science-mix category created the complexity of policy enforcement, affected the scale and speed of COVID-19 transmissions, and triggered the emergence of health innovative technology.