A review of antibody, aptamer, and nanomaterials synergistic systems for an amplified electrochemical signal.

The synergy between biomolecules with inorganic nanomaterials and nanoparticles has been investigated over the past years, primarily to improve biomarker reception, generate signals, and amplify the signals generated. In this paper, several articles on aptamer-based and antibody-based electrochemical biosensors that target antigens were examined. Among the key characteristics identified were the electrochemical platform development, which includes the usage of nanomaterials as electroactive or electrocatalytic labels, crosslinking of the biological agent with inorganic compounds, and electrode coating to provide an electronic source and support efficient electron transfer.

Hydroxypicolinic acid tethered on magnetite core-silica shell (HPCA@SiO@FeO) as an effective and reusable adsorbent for practical Co(II) recovery.

The soaring demand and future supply risk for cobalt (Co) necessitate more efficient adsorbents for its recycling from electronic wastes, as a cheaper and less hazardous option for its production. Herein, a magnetic adsorbent covalently tethered with 5-hydroxypicolinic acid (HPCA) as Co(II) ligand was developed. The magnetic component (FeO) was protected with silica (SiO), then silanized with chloroalkyl linker and subsequently functionalized with HPCA via S2 nucleophilic substitution (HPCA@SiO@FeO).

Hyper-crosslinked tetraphenylborate as a regenerable sorbent for Cs sequestration in aqueous media through cation-π interactions.

Practical adsorbents that could efficiently collect radioactive Cesium (Cs) are critically important in achieving proper management and treatment measures for nuclear wastes. Herein, a hyper-crosslinked tetraphenylborate-based adsorbent (TPB-X) was prepared by reacting TPB anions as Cs binding sites with dimethoxymethane (DMM) as crosslinker. The most efficient TPB-X synthesis was attained at 1:4 TPB/DMM mole ratio with sorbent yield of 81.