Infections and treatment modalities in pediatric victims of the Kahramanmaraş/Türkiye earthquake.

Background: Data on infections in children are scarce in the context of earthquakes. Here, we describe our clinical experiences regarding infections in pediatric victims after the earthquakes in Kahramanmaraş/Türkiye.

Methods: Trauma patients after the Kahramanmaraş earthquakes, aged under 18 years and admitted to our hospital, were evaluated retrospectively.

Do We Know the Long-Term Effects of the Most Popular Traditional Swallow Maneuvers on the Submental Muscles?

Background: Various trainings focus on the submental muscles (SMs) for dysphagia rehabilitation because of their importance for swallowing safety and efficiency. According to the current literature, swallow-specific tasks may be optimal exercises for dysphagia. The effortful swallow (ES) and the Masako maneuver (MM) are the most commonly used swallow-specific tasks in the clinical settings for dysphagia for years, but long-term effects for these trainings is insufficient.

UV-Driven Oxygen Surface Exchange and Stoichiometry Changes in a Thin-Film, Nondilute Mixed Ionic Electronic Conductor, Sr(Ti,Fe)O.

Enabling light-controlled ionic devices requires insight into photoionic responses in technologically relevant materials. Mixed-conducting perovskites containing nondilute Fe─serving as electrodes, catalysts, and sensors─can support large, electronically accommodated excursions in oxygen content, typically controlled by temperature, bias, and gas atmosphere. Instead, we investigated the ability of low-fluence, above-bandgap illumination to adjust oxygen stoichiometry and drive oxygen fluxes in nondilute Sr(TiFe)O ( = 0.

Alloying-Induced Structural Transition in the Promising Thermoelectric Compound CaAgSb.

AMX Zintl compounds, crystallizing in several closely related layered structures, have recently garnered attention due to their exciting thermoelectric properties. In this study, we show that orthorhombic CaAgSb can be alloyed with hexagonal CaAgBi to achieve a solid solution with a structural transformation at ∼ 0.8.

Configurational Disorder, Strong Anharmonicity, and Coupled Host Dynamics Lead to Superionic Transport in LiYCl (LYC).

In superionic crystals, liquid-like ionic diffusivities often come hand-in-hand with ultra-low thermal conductivity and soft vibrational dynamics. However, generalized relationships between ion transport and vibrational dynamics remain elusive due to the diversity of superionic materials and complex underlying mechanisms. Here, the links between vibrational dynamics and ion transport in close-packed lithium halide ion conductor LiYCl (LYC) are examined using a suite of atomistic first-principles methods.

Patternable Process-Induced Strain in 2D Monolayers and Heterobilayers.

Strain engineering in two-dimensional (2D) materials is a powerful but difficult to control approach to tailor material properties. Across applications, there is a need for device-compatible techniques to design strain within 2D materials. This work explores how process-induced strain engineering, commonly used by the semiconductor industry to enhance transistor performance, can be used to pattern complex strain profiles in monolayer MoS and 2D heterostructures.

Social Cognition and Functioning in Patients With Social Anxiety Disorder and/or Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder.

In recent years, social cognition and one of its dimensions, the theory of mind, have been more commonly investigated in patients with social anxiety disorder (SAD) and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). In this study, SAD, ADHD, comorbid SAD-ADHD, and healthy control (HC) groups, each consisting of 30 participants, were included and compared in terms of social cognition and functionality. Mean global functioning assessment scores were found to be significantly higher in the HC group compared with the other three groups and in the ADHD group compared with the SAD and SAD-ADHD groups.

Bend-Induced Ferroelectric Domain Walls in α-InSe.

The low bending stiffness of atomic membranes from van der Waals ferroelectrics such as α-InSe allow access to a regime of strong coupling between electrical polarization and mechanical deformation at extremely high strain gradients and nanoscale curvatures. Here, we investigate the atomic structure and polarization at bends in multilayer α-InSe at high curvatures down to 0.3 nm utilizing atomic-resolution scanning transmission electron microscopy, density functional theory, and piezoelectric force microscopy.

Current practice of emergency radiology in Turkey and future expectations: a survey study.

Purpose: The development of emergency radiology (ER) in Turkey has accelerated with the increase in the number of patients admitted to emergency departments. We aimed to present and discuss the responses to a survey distributed to radiologists in Turkey, which included questions about the current practice of ER and future expectations.

Methods: A survey with 29 questions enquiring about the infrastructure of respondents' hospitals and radiology units, information about emergency services and ER (including patient volume), the number of staff and equipment, the ER working plan and reporting method, and training in the field of ER were distributed to members of the Turkish Radiological Society by email.

Formation and impact of nanoscopic oriented phase domains in electrochemical crystalline electrodes.

Electrochemical phase transformation in ion-insertion crystalline electrodes is accompanied by compositional and structural changes, including the microstructural development of oriented phase domains. Previous studies have identified prevailingly transformation heterogeneities associated with diffusion- or reaction-limited mechanisms. In comparison, transformation-induced domains and their microstructure resulting from the loss of symmetry elements remain unexplored, despite their general importance in alloys and ceramics.

Four weeks of exercise regimen for sedentary workers with rounded shoulder posture: a randomized controlled study.

Background: Rounded shoulder (RS) posture causes neck and shoulder pathologies. Mechanical correction taping (MCT) is often incorporated into postural corrective therapies; however, its effects on muscle stiffness are unclear.

Objective: We investigated the effect of MCT with different tape fabrics, along with exercise, on upper trapezius and pectoralis minor muscle stiffness and the posture of sedentary workers.

Surface-Based Post-synthesis Manipulation of Point Defects in Metal Oxides Using Liquid Water.

Initial synthesis of semiconducting oxides leaves behind poorly controlled concentrations of unwanted atomic-scale defects that influence numerous electrical, optical, and reactivity properties. We have discovered through self-diffusion measurements and first-principles computations that poison-free oxide surfaces inject interstitial oxygen atoms into the crystalline solid when simply contacted with liquid water near room temperature. These interstitials diffuse quickly to depths of 20 nm-2 μm and are likely to eliminate prominent classes of unwanted defects or neutralize their action.

Adaptation of Cyanobacteria to the Endolithic Light Spectrum in Hyper-Arid Deserts.

In hyper-arid deserts, endolithic microbial communities survive in the pore spaces and cracks of rocks, an environment that enhances water retention and filters UV radiation. The rock colonization zone is enriched in far-red light (FRL) and depleted in visible light. This poses a challenge to cyanobacteria, which are the primary producers of endolithic communities.

Psychological Reactions of Turkish Healthcare Workers During Covid-19 Outbreak: The Impact of Stigmatization.

Introduction: The Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak has resulted in huge psychological distress, especially for people working under risky conditions, such as healthcare workers. We aimed to investigate the psychological challenges of Turkish healthcare workers during the outbreak and discuss the factors that increase their burden, including stigmatization.

Methods: A cross-sectional online survey composed of sociodemographic data, questions about perceived stigma, and concerns about working conditions was completed.

The effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder.

Objective: Little is known about the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). The main aim of this study was to investigate how the pandemic has affected OCD patients and the relationship between the clinical features and the fear and obsession with COVID-19.

Methods: A total of 30 consecutive patients with OCD and 30 age-and sex-matched healthy controls were included in this cross-sectional study.

Comparing retinal changes measured by optical coherence tomography in patients with schizophrenia and their siblings with healthy controls: Are retinal findings potential endophenotype candidates?

Aim: The aim of our study is to examine whether differences in retinal structure may reflect endophenotypes for schizophrenia by comparing thicknesses of retinal layers between patients with schizophrenia, their unaffected siblings, and healthy control groups and investigating the relationship between OCT findings and disease parameters.

Material And Methods: 46 patients with schizophrenia, their 46 healthy siblings, and 46 age and gender-matched healthy controls were enrolled in the study and underwent spectral domain OCT (examinations to assess differences in peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness, ganglion cell layer (GCL)+ inner plexiform layer (IPL) thicknesses and macular volumes (MV) in both eyes). Clinical variables were also recorded in the patient group.

Evaluation of normal-appearing white matter with perfusion and diffusion MRI in patients with treated glioblastoma.

Objective: We tried to reveal how the normal appearing white matter (NAWM) was affected in patients with glioblastoma treated with chemo-radiotherapy (CRT) in the period following the treatment, by multiparametric MRI.

Materials And Methods: 43 multiparametric MRI examinations of 17 patients with glioblastoma treated with CRT were examined. A total of six different series or maps were analyzed in the examinations: Apparent Diffusion Coefficient (ADC) and Fractional Anisotropy (FA) maps, Gradient Echo (GRE) sequence, Dynamic susceptibility contrast (DSC) and Arterial spin labeling (ASL) perfusion sequences.

Clinical profile of delusional disorder and its subtypes: a descriptive study from Turkey.

The fact that delusional disorder (DD) received minimal research attention indicates the need for descriptive studies that will better delineate the clinical and socio-demographic characteristics of DD. We conducted a chart review descriptive study in a tertiary hospital from Turkey. A total of 99 cases of DD were identified through hospital registry system.

Is early diagnosis of myofascial pain syndrome possible with the detection of latent trigger points by shear wave elastography?

Purpose: The aim of the study was to investigate the contribution of shear wave elastography to the diagnosis of myo-fascial pain syndrome (MPS) of the upper part of the trapezius.

Material And Methods: Ethical committee approval was obtained for the study. Thirty volunteer women with trigger points in the upper part of the trapezius muscle and 30 healthy women with a similar age distribution were included in the study.

Is Olfactory Reference Syndrome a Diagnostic Entity Under Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders?: A Case Report.

Olfactory reference syndrome (ORS) is a rare psychiatric condition involving embarrassment and distress due to persistent mental preoccupation with the idea of emitting body odours foul and offensive enough to disturb others. This disorder is often accompanied by shame, embarrassment, significant distress, avoidance behavior, social phobia and social isolation. The patients may worry that they spread odours originating from their mouth, sweat, genital areas or the gut.

Diagnostic performance of shear wave elastography and diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging in cervical lymph nodes: a comparative study.

Background/aim: To investigate the potential diagnostic value of point shear wave elastography (pSWE) and the contribution of concurrent diffusion weighted magnetic resonance imaging (DW-MRI) to diagnostic performance in patients with cervical lymphadenopathy.

Materials And Methods: This cross-sectional study included 116 cervical lymph nodes of 94 patients. All lymph nodes were evaluated before the treatment or histopathological sampling.

Draft Metagenomes of Endolithic Cyanobacteria and Cohabitants from Hyper-Arid Deserts.

Cyanobacteria are essential to microbial communities inhabiting translucent rocks in hyper-arid deserts. Metagenomic studies revealed unique adaptations of these cyanobacteria, but validation of the corresponding metabolic pathways remained challenging without access to isolates. Here, we present high-quality metagenome-assembled genomes for cyanobacteria, and their heterotrophic companions, isolated from endolithic substrates.

The Effect of Spinal and General Anesthesia on Metastatic Lymph Node Flow in Bladder Cancer Surgery: A Pilot Study.

Introduction: The sympathetic regulation of contractile function of lymphatic vessels has received much attention in terms of metastasis mechanism nowadays in animal studies. The aim of the study to evaluate the effect of spinal or general anesthesia on flow in malignant lymph nodes in patients undergoing bladder tumor surgery with doppler ultrasound.

Methods: This prospective, observational, pilot study was performed on the patients (ASA II and III, aged 45-85) who scheduled for elective bladder tumor surgery under spinal or general anesthesia from July 2018 to August 2019.

Mechanism of creation and destruction of oxygen interstitial atoms by nonpolar zinc oxide(101[combining macron]0) surfaces.

Oxygen vacancies (VO) influence many properties of ZnO in semiconductor devices, yet synthesis methods leave behind variable and unpredictable VO concentrations. Oxygen interstitials (Oi) move far more rapidly, so post-synthesis introduction of Oi to control the VO concentration would be desirable. Free surfaces offer such an introduction mechanism if they are free of poisoning foreign adsorbates.