Stereological and Morphometric Analysis of MRI Chiari Malformation Type-1.

Objective: In this study, we aimed to investigate the underlying ethiological factors in chiari malformation (CM) type-I (CMI) via performing volumetric and morphometric length-angle measurements.

Methods: A total of 66 individuals [33 patients (20-65 years) with CMI and 33 control subjects] were included in this study. In sagittal MR images, tonsillar herniation length and concurrent anomalies were evaluated.

The clinical utility of vascular mapping with Doppler ultrasound prior to arteriovenous fistula construction for hemodialysis access.

Purpose: To compare the outcomes of vascular access (VA) procedures performed using physical examination (PE) alone to PE and ultrasound vein mapping for assessment of patients needing hemodialysis access.

Methods: Comparative analysis of data obtained by retrospective review of records of 63 patients who underwent PE and vascular mapping (VM) using colored Doppler ultrasonography (CDUS) and 76 patients assessed by physical examination alone to schedule vascular access surgery. The parameters assessed to study the impact of these two different pre-operative assessment approaches included selection of surgical site, procedure, construction of arteriovenous fistulas (AVF) and grafts (AVG), negative surgical exploration rates and surgical outcomes (maturation and patency rates).

Impact of diabetic and pre-diabetic state on development of contrast-induced nephropathy in patients with chronic kidney disease.

Background: The aim of the present study was to assess the influence of diabetic and pre-diabetic state on the development of contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN) in chronic kidney disease patients undergoing coronary angiography.

Methods: A total of 421 patients with Cockcroft clearance between 15 and 60 ml/min were divided into three groups [diabetes mellitus (DM), n = 137; pre-diabetes (pre-DM), n = 140; and normal fasting glucose (NFG), n = 144]. CIN was defined as an increase of > or =25% in creatinine over baseline within 48 h of angiography, DM as glucose > or =126 mg/dl, pre-DM as glucose between 100 and 125 mg/dl and NFG as glucose <100 mg/dl.

Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors as a risk factor for contrast-induced nephropathy.

Background/aims: The aim of the present study was to assess the influence of chronic angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor administration on the development of contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN) in patients undergoing coronary angiography.

Methods: A total of 230 patients with renal insufficiency and age > or =65 years were divided into two groups according to prior use of ACE inhibitors (ACE inhibitor group, n = 109; control group, n = 121). CIN was defined as an increase of > or =25% in creatinine over the baseline value within 48 h of angiography.

Metabolic syndrome as a risk factor for contrast-induced nephropathy in non-diabetic elderly patients with renal impairment.

Background/aims: Metabolic syndrome (MS) as a risk factor for contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN) has not been studied. The aim of the present study was to assess the influence of MS on the development of CIN in patients undergoing coronary angiography.

Methods: This was a prospective cohort study.

Hyperuricemia as a risk factor for contrast-induced nephropathy in patients with chronic kidney disease.

Objectives: Hyperuricemia as a risk factor for contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN) has not been studied.

Background: The aim of the present study was to assess the influence of hyperuricemia on the development of CIN in patients undergoing coronary angiography.

Methods: This was a prospective cohort study.