Performance of a photoscreener in detecting accommodation spasm.

Clinical Relevance: For a correct spectacle prescription, accommodation spasm should not be overlooked in the measurements made using an autorefractometer. Although this can be easily understood with cycloplegia, it is not practical. Therefore, investigating practical methods that can predict excess accommodation will be useful in clinical practice.

Ability of non-invasive tear break-up time to determine tear instability in contact lens wearers.

Purpose: To evaluate the performance of precorneal and prelens non-invasive tear break-up time (NIBUT) measurements to determine tear instability in contact lens (CL) wearers.

Methods: In this study, 50 eyes of 25 CL wearers were evaluated. Precorneal first and average NIBUTs and fluorescein tear break-up time (FBUT) were measured before wearing CLs in the morning.

Static and dynamic pupillary characteristics in multiple sclerosis.

Purpose: To examine the static and dynamic pupillary functions with automated pupillography in multiple sclerosis (MS) patients with preserved visual acuity.

Methods: Forty-seven MS patients with preserved visual acuity were included in the study group and 43 healthy volunteers in the control group. The visual evoked potential of the patients was obtained.

Impression cytology and meibomian glands in conjunctivochalasis.

Purpose: To evaluate the tear parameters, meibomian glands and lid margin and tarsal conjunctival impression cytology in patients with conjunctivochalasis (CCH).

Methods: The study included 57 patients diagnosed with CCH and 35 healthy volunteers. Tear break-up time (TBUT) was measured and Schirmer test was performed.

Ocular surface characteristics in acne vulgaris.

: Since acne vulgaris is a disease of the sebaceous glands, it may have potential effects on the ocular surface and tear homoeostasis, which are essential for good vision. Optometrists should be aware of ocular surface pathologies when prescribing glasses or contact lenses for the visual rehabilitation of these young patients.: To evaluate the ocular surface features, meibomian glands, and tear parameters of patients with acne vulgaris.

Nasal mucociliary clearance and hearing loss in pseudoexfoliation syndrome.

Purpose: To evaluate nasal mucociliary clearance (NMC) and hearing loss in patients with pseudoexfoliation (PEX) syndrome.

Methods: The study included 36 patients with PEX syndrome as the study group, and 39 healthy individuals as the control group. The duration of NMC was measured using the saccharine test.

A New Treatment Experience in Pseudomonas Keratitis: Topical Meropenem and Cefepime.

Purpose: To compare the efficacy of topical meropenem and cefepime treatments with respect to moxifloxacin as new treatment options in an experimental Pseudomonas keratitis model.

Methods: Twenty-four rabbits in which keratitis are induced using Pseudomonas aeruginosa were divided into four groups according to treatment options. A solution of 50 mg/mL meropenem was prepared and topically applied to the first group, 50 mg/mL cefepime solution to the second group, topical 0.

The Relationship of the Urotensin-2 Level in the Aqueous Humor with Systemic Diseases and Pupil Size: Comparative Study.

To detect the presence of urotensin-2 (U-II) in the aqueous humor and evaluate the relationship between aqueous humor level and systemic diseases and pupil size. The study included 88 patients who underwent cataract surgery. Those with a pupil diameter (PD) of up to 4 mm were considered to have small dilation, those with 4-7 mm of dilatation were considered to have moderate dilation, and those with a PD of more than 7 mm considered to have large dilation.

Ocular Surface and Conjunctival Cytology Findings in Patients With Confirmed COVID-19.

Purpose: To assess the effect of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 infection on the conjunctiva and tear film.

Methods: Thirty-eight patients with confirmed COVID-19 and 31 healthy controls were included in this prospective and observational study. Individuals with COVID-19 formed the patient group, and healthy individuals formed the control group.

Can the CRP/albumin Ratio be Used as a New Indicator of Activation in Patients with Uveitis?

: To evaluate whether the C-reactive protein (CRP)/albumin ratio (CAR) in patients with uveitis during an attack is a marker that can give information about the activity, severity and prognosis of the disease.: This study included 35 patients with an uveitis attack and 35 healthy volunteers. The localization and severity of uveitis were recorded.

Evaluation of Meibomian Glands in Obstructive Sleep Apnea-Hypopnea Syndrome.

Purpose: To evaluate the effect of obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS) on the meibomian glands, ocular surface, and tear parameters.

Methods: The study included 59 individuals (32 subjects with OSAHS, 27 control subjects) who underwent polysomnography in the Chest Diseases Clinic. The right eyes of all individuals were evaluated in the Ophthalmology Clinic.

Effects of chronic smoking on the meibomian glands.

Purpose: To evaluate the effects of chronic smoking on tear function tests and meibomian glands.

Methods: This prospective study included 40 volunteers with a long-term (> 5 years) cigarette smoking history (study group) and 43 non-smoking healthy individuals (control group). The symptoms of all the participants were scored using the Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI) questionnaire, and a detailed ophthalmological examination was performed including the tear breakup time (TBUT) and Schirmer test (with anaesthesia).

Evaluation of the Ocular Surface in Different Contact Lens Replacement Schedules.

Purpose: To evaluate the effects of different contact lens (CL) replacement schedules and different CL materials on the ocular surface and tear function.

Methods: Daily disposable hydrogel CLs were given to group 1 (n = 22), daily disposable silicone hydrogel CLs were given to group 2 (n = 25), and reusable silicone hydrogel CLs were given to group 3 (n = 24). Tear function tests and inflammatory cytokine [interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8, IL-17A, and matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-9] levels were evaluated before and at 1 and 3 months after CL usage.

Evaluation of choroidal thickness changes after phacoemulsification surgery.

Purpose: The aim of the study was to analyze the effects of uneventful phacoemulsification surgery on choroidal thickness (CT) using spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT).

Methods: In this prospective study, 38 eyes of 38 patients having phacoemulsification surgery were included. All patients underwent detailed ophthalmologic examination, including preoperative axial length (AXL) measurement with optical biometry and intraocular pressure (IOP) measurement preoperatively and 1 month postoperatively.

Effects of osmoprotective eye drops on tear osmolarity in contact lens wearers.

Objective: To evaluate the impact of osmoprotective eye drops on tear osmolarity and patient comfort, and to compare its efficacy with a commercially available lubricant in contact lens (CL) wearers.

Design: Prospective, cross-sectional study.

Participants: Forty eyes of 20 first-time CL wearers were included.

Evaluation of the macular choroidal thickness using spectral optical coherence tomography in patients with obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome.

Background: To assess the choroidal thickness (CT) in patients with obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome (OSAS) and healthy controls.

Design: Prospective, cross-sectional study

Participants: Ninety-two eyes of 92 patients with OSAS and 32 eyes of 32 aged and body mass index-matched healthy subjects were enrolled.

Methods: OSAS patients were further divided into mild, moderate and severe OSAS groups according to their apnoea hypopnea index (AHI) values.

Repeatability of aberrometric measurements in normal and keratoconus eyes using a new Scheimpflug-Placido topographer.

Purpose: To evaluate the repeatability of the anterior and posterior corneal wavefront aberrations using the Sirius Scheimpflug-Placido topographer in normal eyes and keratoconus eyes.

Setting: Bozok University Faculty of Medicine, Yozgat, Turkey.

Design: Evaluation of diagnostic test.