CARD16 restores tumorigenesis and restraints apoptosis in glioma cells Via FOXO1/TRAIL axis.

A hallmark of glioma cells, particularly glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) cells, is their resistance to apoptosis. Accumulating evidences has demonstrated that CARD16, a caspase recruitment domain (CARD) only protein, enhances both anti-apoptotic and tumorigenic properties. Nevertheless, there is a limited understanding of the expression and functional role of CARD16 in glioma.

SPOPL induces tumorigenicity and stemness in glioma stem cells by activating Notch signaling.

Objective: Recent studies have increasingly shown that glioma stem cells (GSCs) are extremely important for developing and treating glioblastoma multiforme (GBM). The Broad-complex, Tram-track, and Bric-a-brac protein family is functionally related to a variety of tumor stem cells, and the role of SPOPL as a member of this family in GSCs deserves to be investigated.

Methods: To investigate the expression of SPOPL in GSCs and its impact on the prognosis of GBM patients by using clinical specimens, patient-derived primary GSCs and public databases.