Publications by authors named "Erpur Adalsteinsson"
Aim: To identify a potential efficacy-effectiveness gap and possible explanations (drivers of effectiveness) for differences between results of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and observational studies investigating glucose-lowering drugs.
Methods: A systematic literature review was conducted in English language articles published between 1 January, 2000 and 31 January, 2015 describing either RCTs or observational studies comparing glucagon-like peptide-1 analogs (GLP-1) with insulin or comparing dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors (DPP-4i) with sulfonylurea, all with change in glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) as outcome. Medline, Embase, Current Content, and Biosis were searched.
Background: Channeling bias may occur when a newly marketed drug and an established drug, despite similar indications, are prescribed to patients with different prognostic characteristics (ie, confounding).
Aim: To investigate channeling bias and its impact on relative effectiveness of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) analogs versus basal insulin and dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors (DPP-4i) versus sulfonylurea.
Methods: In the UK Clinical Practice Research Datalink, patients with type 2 diabetes initiating treatment between 2006 and 2015 were included.
Benefits of probabilistic sensitivity analysis - a review of NICE decisions.
J Mark Access Health Policy
May 2016
Objective: Since 2004, the National Institute of Health and Clinical Excellence (NICE) has required manufacturers to conduct a probabilistic sensitivity analysis (PSA) in their technology appraisals. The objective of this review is to assess the cost-effectiveness of different technology appraisals and compare them with the actual decision made by the NICE based on PSA.
Methods: The search term 'probabilistic sensitivity analysis' was used on the NICE home page (25 January 2012).