International Core Outcome Set for Acute Simple Appendicitis in Children: Results of a Systematic Review, Delphi Study, and Focus Croups With Young People.

Objective: To develop an international core outcome set (COS), a minimal collection of outcomes that should be measured and reported in all future clinical trials evaluating treatments of acute simple appendicitis in children.

Summary Of Background Data: A previous systematic review identified 115 outcomes in 60 trials and systematic reviews evaluating treatments for children with appendicitis, suggesting the need for a COS.

Methods: The development process consisted of 4 phases: (1) an updated systematic review identifying all previously reported outcomes, (2) a 2-stage international Delphi study in which parents with their children and surgeons rated these outcomes for inclusion in the COS, (3) focus groups with young people to identify missing outcomes, and (4) international expert meetings to ratify the final COS.

Midget submarine for diagnosing midgut lesions in children.

Anaemia due to obscure gastrointestinal blood loss remains a challenge to the clinician, especially when blood loss is severe enough to result in profound anaemia while further investigations fail to identify the cause of bleeding. A description of how wireless capsule endoscopy revealed a bleeding jejunal haemangioma in a 2.5-year-old boy with recurrent anaemia is given.